1 ---
2 name: insurance-optimizer
3 description: Review insurance coverage and find opportunities to optimize premiums and reduce gaps.
4 ---
5
6 # Insurance Optimizer
7
8 Review current insurance coverage, identify gaps or overpayment, and suggest strategies to optimize premiums. Covers auto, home/renters, health, and life insurance.
9
10 **DISCLAIMER: This provides general information only, not professional insurance or financial advice.**
11
12 ## When to Use
13
14 - User wants to review if they're over- or under-insured
15 - User is paying too much and wants to save
16 - User wants to understand their coverage
17 - User is shopping for new insurance
18
19 ## When NOT to Use
20
21 - Filing insurance claims
22 - Complex commercial insurance
23 - Specific policy interpretation (consult agent)
24
25 ## Methodology
26
27 ### Step 1: Gather Current Coverage
28
29 Ask the user for their current policies. For each, collect:
30
31 - **Type**: Auto, home/renters, health, life, umbrella, disability
32 - **Provider**: Who is the carrier?
33 - **Premium**: Monthly or annual cost
34 - **Deductible**: How much they pay before insurance kicks in
35 - **Coverage limits**: Maximum the policy will pay
36 - **Key features**: What's included, what's excluded
37
38 ### Step 2: Assess Coverage by Type
39
40 #### Auto Insurance
41
42 **Minimum recommended coverage:**
43
44 | Coverage | Recommended Minimum | Notes |
45 |----------|-------------------|-------|
46 | Bodily injury liability | 100/300 ($100K per person, $300K per accident) | State minimums are dangerously low |
47 | Property damage liability | $100,000 | Covers damage to other vehicles/property |
48 | Uninsured/underinsured motorist | Match liability limits | Protects you from uninsured drivers |
49 | Collision | Based on car value | Consider dropping if car value < 10× annual premium |
50 | Comprehensive | Based on car value | Covers theft, weather, animals |
51 | Medical payments / PIP | $5,000-$10,000 | Covers your medical costs regardless of fault |
52
53 **Drop collision/comp test:** If car value (KBB private party) < 10× the annual collision+comp premium, OR < ~$4,000 outright → self-insure. A $3,000 car with a $1,000 deductible and $400/yr premium means best-case payout is $2,000 — you're paying 20%/yr to insure that.
54
55 **Liability floor:** 100/300/100 minimum. State minimums (often 25/50/25) won't cover a single hospital visit. If net worth >$500k, bump to 250/500/100 + umbrella.
56
57 #### Home / Renters Insurance
58
59 **Homeowners:**
60
61 | Coverage | Guideline |
62 |----------|-----------|
63 | Dwelling | Full replacement cost (NOT market value) |
64 | Personal property | Enough to replace belongings (do a home inventory) |
65 | Liability | $300,000-$500,000 minimum |
66 | Additional living expenses | 20% of dwelling coverage |
67 | Deductible | $1,000-$2,500 (higher = lower premium) |
68
69 **Commonly missed:** Flood (NOT in standard policies — check FEMA zone), earthquake (separate), scheduled riders for jewelry/art >$1,500-2,500, sewer backup, home business equipment.
70
71 **Renters:** $15-30/mo for $30-50k property + $100-300k liability. Best value in insurance — never skip.
72
73 #### Health Insurance
74
75 | | HMO | PPO | HDHP + HSA |
76 |---|---|---|---|
77 | Premium | Lower | Higher | Lowest |
78 | Deductible | Lower | Moderate | Highest ($1,650+ ind.) |
79 | Network | Referral needed | Any | Any |
80 | Best for | Low utilization | Frequent specialists | Healthy + want tax savings |
81
82 **HSA advantage:** Triple tax benefit — contributions deductible, growth tax-free, withdrawals tax-free for medical. 2026 limits: $4,400 individual / $8,750 family (+$1,000 if 55+). The only account in the tax code better than a Roth IRA. Save receipts — reimburse yourself decades later, tax-free.
83
84 **HDHP break-even math:** `(PPO premium − HDHP premium) × 12 + employer HSA contribution` = your buffer. If expected annual healthcare spending < buffer + tax savings on HSA contribution, HDHP wins. Most healthy people under 50 without chronic conditions come out ahead on HDHP.
85
86 #### Life Insurance
87
88 **How much:**
89
90 - Rule of thumb: 10-12× annual income
91 - More precise: Calculate total financial obligations (mortgage, debts, children's education, income replacement for X years) minus existing assets
92
93 **Term vs. Whole — run the math:**
94
95 | | Term (20yr, $500k) | Whole ($500k) |
96 |---|---|---|
97 | Monthly, healthy 30yo | ~$25-30 | ~$200-450 (8-15× term) |
98 | Cash value after 20yr | $0 | ~$50-80k (2-4% IRR after fees) |
99 | "Buy term, invest the difference" | $300/mo in index fund @ 7% real → **~$150k** after 20yr | — |
100
101 The salesperson's commission on whole life is typically 50-100% of the first-year premium — that's why it's pushed hard. Whole life makes sense only for: estate tax planning above the ~$15M exemption, special-needs trust funding, or maxed-out every other tax-advantaged account and still have excess.
102
103 **Term life is right for 90%+ of people.** Ladder policies (e.g., $500k/30yr + $500k/20yr) to match declining need as mortgage shrinks and kids age out.
104
105 #### Umbrella Insurance
106
107 **The $500k trigger:** Standard auto/home liability maxes out at ~$300-500k. Once your attachable net worth (home equity + taxable brokerage + savings — exclude 401k/IRA, they're federally protected from most judgments) crosses ~$500k, you're a lawsuit target without a shield.
108
109 - Coverage = total attachable net worth, rounded up to nearest $1M
110 - Cost: **~$150-300/yr for first $1M**, each additional $1M only ~$75-100/yr. $5M runs ~$500-700/yr. The cheapest insurance per dollar of coverage in existence.
111 - **Prerequisite:** most carriers require $250-300k underlying liability on auto/home before writing umbrella
112 - **Get it if:** net worth >$500k, rental properties, teenage drivers, pool/trampoline/dog, coach youth sports, high public profile, or you post opinions on the internet under your real name
113
114 ### Step 3: Identify Gaps
115
116 Common coverage gaps to flag:
117
118 - [ ] Liability limits too low relative to net worth
119 - [ ] No umbrella policy
120 - [ ] No disability insurance (protects income — most overlooked insurance)
121 - [ ] No flood/earthquake in at-risk area
122 - [ ] Renters without renters insurance
123 - [ ] Life insurance insufficient for dependents
124 - [ ] Health plan doesn't cover needed specialists
125 - [ ] No scheduled coverage for high-value items
126
127 ### Step 4: Find Savings
128
129 **Deductible break-even math (compute this, don't guess):**
130
131 ```text
132 break_even_years = (high_deductible − low_deductible) / annual_premium_savings
133 ```
134
135 - $500 → $1,000 deductible typically saves 15-30% on collision/comp (NOT proportional — doubling deductible does not halve premium)
136 - Avg driver files a claim every **6-8 years**. If break-even < 3 years and you have the emergency fund, raise it.
137 - Example: $500→$1,000 saves $200/yr → break-even 2.5yr → clearly worth it. Saves only $50/yr → 10yr break-even → skip.
138 - **Bank the savings** in a dedicated account until it equals your highest deductible — self-insure the gap.
139
140 **Shopping cadence — loyalty is a tax:**
141
142 - **Auto: re-quote every 6 months** (standard policy term). Carriers use "price optimization" — they raise rates on customers their models predict won't shop. ~22% of shoppers who compare find a cheaper rate. Early-shopper discounts: up to 10-15% for quoting before your current policy expires.
143 - **Home: re-quote every 2-3 years** or after any claim-free stretch
144 - **Life: re-quote after health improvements** — quit smoking 12+ months, lost significant weight, A1C normalized. Rates can drop 50%+.
145 - **Trigger events** that should always prompt a re-quote: birthday (esp. 25), violation falls off record (~3yr), credit score jump, marriage, move, paid off car
146
147 **Savings strategies by impact:**
148
149 | Strategy | Savings | Notes |
150 |---|---|---|
151 | Shop every 6mo (auto) | 15-30% | The Zebra, Insurify, or independent agent — get 3+ quotes |
152 | Raise deductibles | 10-25% | Only if emergency fund covers it; do break-even math |
153 | Bundle home + auto | 10-25% | But quote unbundled too — bundle discount sometimes masks one overpriced policy |
154 | Drop collision/comp | 100% of that premium | When car value < ~10× annual premium OR < $4,000 |
155 | Pay annually | 5-10% | Avoids monthly installment fees |
156 | Telematics (Progressive Snapshot etc.) | 10-30% for safe drivers | Can also RAISE rates — know your driving |
157 | Credit score improvement | 5-25% | Insurers use credit-based insurance scores in most states |
158
159 **Comparison sites:** The Zebra / Insurify (auto+home), Policygenius (life+disability), Healthcare.gov (ACA). All free. An independent broker who writes for multiple carriers beats a captive agent (State Farm/Allstate only sell their own).
160
161 ### Step 5: Prioritize — Gaps Before Savings
162
163 Fix underinsurance first (existential risk), then optimize premiums (efficiency).
164
165 ## Output Format
166
167 ```text
168 # Insurance Review: [Name]
169
170 ## Current Coverage Summary
171 | Type | Provider | Premium | Deductible | Coverage | Assessment |
172 |------|----------|---------|-----------|----------|------------|
173 | Auto | [co] | $X/mo | $Y | 100/300/100 | Adequate |
174 | Home | [co] | $X/mo | $Y | $Z dwelling | Gap: flood |
175 | ... | | | | | |
176
177 ## Total Annual Cost: $X,XXX
178
179 ## Gaps Identified
180 1. **[Gap]** — [risk explanation and recommendation]
181
182 ## Savings Opportunities
183 1. **[Strategy]** — estimated savings: $X-Y/year
184
185 ## Action Items
186 1. [ ] [Highest priority action]
187 2. [ ] [Next priority]
188 3. [ ] [Shop for quotes by date]
189
190 ## Disclaimer
191 General information only. Consult a licensed insurance professional for specific policy advice.
192 ```
193
194 ## Best Practices
195
196 1. **Review annually** — needs, rates, and life circumstances change
197 2. **Shop around** — get 3+ quotes; loyalty rarely gets the best rate
198 3. **Understand deductibles** — ensure your emergency fund can cover them
199 4. **Don't underinsure to save** — $50/month savings isn't worth major exposure
200 5. **Ask about discounts** — most insurers have unadvertised discounts (ask explicitly)
201 6. **Read the exclusions** — know what's NOT covered, not just what is
202
203 ## Limitations
204
205 - Cannot provide actual quotes or bind policies
206 - Cannot compare specific policy documents (recommend an independent agent for that)
207 - Cannot interpret specific policy language or coverage disputes
208 - Not a licensed insurance advisor
209 - Rates and regulations vary significantly by state