credential: avoid writing values with newlines

The credential protocol that we use to speak to helpers can't represent values with newlines in them. This was an intentional design choice to keep the protocol simple, since none of the values we pass should generally have newlines. However, if we _do_ encounter a newline in a value, we blindly transmit it in credential_write(). Such values may break the protocol syntax, or worse, inject new valid lines into the protocol stream. The most likely way for a newline to end up in a credential struct is by decoding a URL with a percent-encoded newline. However, since the bug occurs at the moment we write the value to the protocol, we'll catch it there. That should leave no possibility of accidentally missing a code path that can trigger the problem. At this level of the code we have little choice but to die(). However, since we'd not ever expect to see this case outside of a malicious URL, that's an acceptable outcome. Reported-by: Felix Wilhelm <fwilhelm@google.com>