initial colab-cli commit
Seth Troisi committed
May 11, 2026 at 16:30 UTC
2ef9825be6e30a637f12b3631aae0d686830478f
67 files changed
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.githooks/pre-commit
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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
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+
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+ARGS=(hook-impl --config=.pre-commit-config.yaml --hook-type=pre-commit)
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+# end templated
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+
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+HERE="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
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+ARGS+=(--hook-dir "$HERE" -- "$@")
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+
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+exec uv run --active --index https://pypi.org/simple --with pre-commit,pre-commit-uv pre-commit "${ARGS[@]}"
.gitignore
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+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
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+__pycache__/
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+*.py[cod]
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+*$py.class
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+
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+# C extensions
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+*.so
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+
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+# Distribution / packaging
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+.Python
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+build/
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+develop-eggs/
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+dist/
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+downloads/
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+eggs/
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+.eggs/
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+lib/
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+lib64/
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+parts/
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+sdist/
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+var/
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+wheels/
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+share/python-wheels/
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+*.egg-info/
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+.installed.cfg
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+*.egg
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+MANIFEST
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+
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+# PyInstaller
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+# Usually these files are written by a python script from a template
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+# before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it.
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+*.manifest
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+*.spec
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+
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+# Installer logs
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+pip-log.txt
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+pip-delete-this-directory.txt
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+
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+# Unit test / coverage reports
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+htmlcov/
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+.tox/
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+.nox/
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+.coverage
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+.coverage.*
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+.cache
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+nosetests.xml
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+coverage.xml
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+*.cover
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+*.py,cover
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+.hypothesis/
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+.pytest_cache/
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+cover/
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+
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+# Environments
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+.env
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+.venv
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+env/
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+venv/
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+ENV/
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+env.bak/
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+venv.bak/
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+
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+# IDEs / Editors
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+.vscode/
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+.idea/
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+*.swp
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+*.swo
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+*~
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+.DS_Store
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+
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+# Tool caches
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+.ruff_cache/
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+.mypy_cache/
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+.pyre/
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+
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+# Logs
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+colab.log
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+*.log
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+
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+# Jupyter
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+.ipynb_checkpoints
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+
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+# Design Docs & Research Scripts (Untracked)
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+DRIVEFS_BACKEND_PROPOSAL.md
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+docs/AUTH_DESIGN_PROPOSAL.md
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+docs/credential propagation - flow details.md
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+docs/credential propagation analysis.md
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+docs/creds.md
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+get_drive_source.py
.pre-commit-config.yaml
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+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
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+#
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+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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+#
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+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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+#
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+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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+# limitations under the License.
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+
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+repos:
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+- repo: local
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+ hooks:
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+ - id: pytest
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+ name: pytest
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+ entry: uv run pytest
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+ language: system
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+ types: [python]
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+ pass_filenames: false
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+ always_run: true
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+ - id: ruff-check
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+ name: ruff check
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+ entry: uv run ruff check --force-exclude
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+ language: system
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+ types: [python]
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+ require_serial: true
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+ - id: ruff-format
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+ name: ruff format
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+ entry: uv run ruff format --force-exclude
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+ language: system
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+ types: [python]
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+ require_serial: true
.python-version
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+3.13
AGENTS.md
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+# Colab CLI: Agent Guidelines
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+
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+## Architecture Overview
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+- **CLI**: Modular `Typer` based entry point in `cli.py` with subcommands in `commands/`.
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+- **Common**: `common.py` centralizes shared `State` (lazy-loading) and session resolution.
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+- **Client**: `ColabClient` handles API interactions (assignment, unassignment).
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+- **Auth**: `auth.py` exposes a single `get_credentials(config_path, provider)` facade that dispatches on the `AuthProvider` enum. Two providers are supported, selected via the global `--auth=oauth2|adc` flag (default `oauth2`):
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+ - `oauth2`: public `google-auth-oauthlib` `InstalledAppFlow`, token cached at `~/.config/colab-cli/token.json`. Requires an explicit client OAuth config (`-c/--client-oauth-config`, default `~/.colab-cli-oauth-config.json`); the previously-bundled `oauth_config.json` resource fallback was removed (commit `20eb88e`).
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+ - `adc`: Google Application Default Credentials via `google.auth.default()`. The CLI passes `scopes=PUBLIC_SCOPES` (which includes `colaboratory`) and re-applies via `creds.with_scopes()` for credential types that support it. **User credentials minted by `gcloud auth application-default login` ignore the `scopes=` kwarg AND raise `NotImplementedError` on `with_scopes`**: ADC users must explicitly re-authenticate with `gcloud auth application-default login --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory`. **Both scopes are required**: `userinfo.email` for the session backend at `colab.research.google.com` (assign/unassign/sessions return 401 without it), and `colaboratory` for the `RuntimeService` at `colab.pa.googleapis.com` (keep-alive returns 403 without it). Service-account / GCE / GKE / impersonated creds get the right scopes transparently via `with_scopes`.
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+- **Backend Hosts**: Two distinct backends with different requirements:
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+ - `colab.research.google.com` (session backend / `tun/m/...`): accepts the `userinfo.email` scope.
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+ - `colab.pa.googleapis.com` (`RuntimeService`, used by `KeepAliveAssignment`): requires (a) the `colaboratory` OAuth scope, AND (b) `X-Goog-Api-Client` header containing the substring `grpc-web`. Both are enforced server-side; missing either yields HTTP 400 / 403 with descriptive `google.rpc.DebugInfo` payloads. Always log `response_body` on failure for these RPCs to avoid silent debugging.
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+- **Runtime**: `ColabRuntime` wraps `jupyter-kernel-client` for execution.
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+- **State**:
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+ - `StateStore` persists session metadata in `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`.
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+ - Persistent settings are in `~/.config/colab-cli/settings.json`.
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+- **History**: `HistoryLogger` records structured events in `~/.config/colab-cli/history/*.jsonl`.
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+
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+## Core Mandates
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+- **Minimalism**: Favor standard library where possible (e.g., `urllib`) while utilizing `Typer` for CLI ergonomics.
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+- **Piping**: Always consider piped input (`stdin`) vs. interactive TTY.
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+- **Trace Alignment**: When implementing new endpoints, validate against captured browser traces (HAR files).
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+- **TDD (Test-Driven Development)**: Always implement tests first. Verify they fail before implementing the solution to make them pass. Every design must include a testing strategy and specific test cases.
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+
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+- **Jupyter Protocol Deviations**: Google Colab uses custom extensions to the Jupyter protocol. Examples include `colab_request` messages over the `iopub` channel and `input_reply` wrapping `colab_reply` payloads on the `stdin` channel. These require monkey-patching or specialized handlers within `jupyter-kernel-client` (e.g., `wsclient.kernel_socket.on_message` interceptors).
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+
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+- **Integration Testing**: Unit tests and mocks are not enough. Before declaring any feature complete, you MUST perform a real-world, end-to-end integration test against a live Colab environment using the CLI. Never rely solely on mocked unit tests to verify a feature's correctness.
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+ - Integration tests are located in `integration/` (e.g., `integration/repro_plot_redirection/test.sh`).
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+ - To run an integration test, use: `uv run bash integration/repro_<name>/test.sh`.
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+ - `uv run` ensures the `colab` command (entry point) is available in the shell environment.
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+- **Continuous Improvement**: Whenever the user provides feedback, workflow advice, or corrections, immediately encode that advice into this `AGENTS.md` file. The goal is to learn from review and never repeat the same errors.
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+
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+## Tools & Workflow
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+- **Workflow**:
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+ 1. **Draft**: Plan and start the task. Create a new git branch before working on new features or changes.
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+ 2. **Refine**: Implement changes and verify with tests and linting. Run tests using `uv run pytest tests/` and resolve any lint errors using `uv run ruff check . --fix`.
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+ 3. **Finalize**: Ensure everything is complete and correct. **Whenever features are added or behaviors change, you MUST re-review the corresponding design document in `docs/` and update it to reflect the new state. You should also add a brief log entry to the frontmatter of the updated design document with the current date summarizing the change.** Finally, commit the finished changes to the git branch for review.
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+
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+## Subcommand Workflows
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+- **Session Management**: `new`, `sessions`, `status`, `stop`.
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+- **Execution**: `repl`, `exec`, `console`.
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+- **Files**: `ls`, `rm`, `upload`, `download`, `edit`.
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+- **Automation**: `auth`, `drivemount`, `install`, `log`, `pay`, `version`, `update`.
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+
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+## Implementation Principles
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+1. **Direct Execution**: Code for `auth`, `drivemount`, etc., should be injected and executed on the VM kernel.
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+2. **Contents API**: Use the Jupyter Contents API for file management as seen in the browser traces.
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+3. **Transparent Storage**: Local state must be overridable via flags.
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+4. **No netrc**: Avoid `netrc` for token persistence in this project.
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+5. **Mocking Interactivity**: When testing commands that branch on `stdin.isatty()`, use the `is_stdin_tty` helper in `execution.py` and mock it via `mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.is_stdin_tty", return_value=...)`. This ensures tests don't hang in CI/agent environments.
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+6. **State Isolation**: Always patch the `colab_cli.common.state` singleton in tests to control session persistence and client behavior. Refer to `tests/conftest.py` for the standard global fixture.
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+7. **Fire-and-Forget Architecture**: The Colab CLI is a "fire-and-forget" tool. Avoid using background threads for long-running tasks within the main command flows. For persistent needs such as keep-alive, utilize detached background daemon processes (with PID tracking in the session state).
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+8. **Verify the Local Install**: A globally-installed `colab` may exist on `PATH` (e.g. at `~/.local/bin/colab`) and can shadow the project's editable install when `uv run` is invoked from outside the repo. ALWAYS run shell commands with the repo as the working directory (e.g. via the `workdir` parameter, never `cd && cmd`) so `uv run colab ...` resolves to `.venv/bin/colab`. Confirm with `which colab` and `uv run which colab` if a CLI test produces unexpected results (e.g. flag-not-recognized errors for flags you just added).
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+9. **Isolate the Regression First**: When a user reports an error in code you just touched, do NOT assume your change caused it. First, reproduce the failure on `main` (or the branch point) to determine whether the bug is pre-existing. Only after confirming the regression is yours should you start debugging the new code. Encoded after spending a turn debugging "ADC broke `colab new`" only to discover `colab new --gpu A100` was already failing on `main` due to an A100-quota-vs-default issue unrelated to ADC.
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+10. **Live Probes Allocate Real Resources**: Probing the Colab API to debug an issue creates real, billable assignments — every successful POST `/tun/m/assign` reserves a VM. Prefer GET-only (read) probes whenever possible. For any state-mutating call, (a) record every endpoint you create as you go, and (b) clean up via `client.unassign(endpoint)` (or `colab stop`) before declaring the investigation done. Then verify with `colab sessions` that nothing was orphaned.
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+11. **Push Freshness**: The remote may have advanced during a session (other contributors land commits while you work). ALWAYS `git fetch <remote>` immediately before pushing or merging. If `git log main..<remote>/main` is non-empty, reset local `main` to the remote, rebase feature branches onto it, retest, then push. NEVER force-push `main` to recover from divergence.
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+12. **Amend Safety**: Before `git commit --amend`, explicitly verify all three preconditions: (a) the user requested amend OR a pre-commit hook auto-modified files for an otherwise-successful commit, (b) HEAD was created by you in this conversation (`git log -1 --format='%an %ae'`), (c) the commit has not been pushed to a remote. If any precondition fails, create a new commit instead. NEVER amend a failed/rejected commit — fix the issue and create a new one.
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+13. **Run Integration Tests Yourself**: Re-read AGENTS.md "Agent Execution Limitations" before claiming you can't run a test. The CANNOT-run list is exclusively interactive commands (`colab auth`, `colab drivemount`, `colab repl`, `colab console`). Tests built on `colab new` / `colab stop` / `colab log` are non-interactive and you MUST run them yourself before declaring a fix complete. Encoded after running through a full implement-and-document cycle for a fix that the integration test would have falsified in 30 seconds — the cure was `uv run bash integration/repro_keep_alive/test.sh`.
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+14. **Heed Research Caveats**: When a research subagent surfaces a caveat ("the proto allows it but the policy may reject"), treat it as a TODO to verify, not as a footnote. The validation pattern: shell out to the actual service with the proposed inputs and confirm the response matches expectations BEFORE writing the code that depends on it. For policy-gated paths, run a one-shot probe before committing to a design.
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+15. **Two distinct auths — never confuse them**: This codebase has two unrelated authentication concerns: (a) **CLI-to-Colab-control-plane**: how `Client` authenticates HTTP requests to `colab.research.google.com` and `colab.pa.googleapis.com`. Driven by the global `--auth={oauth2,adc}` flag and `auth.py:get_credentials`. The OAuth2 path is bootstrapped automatically by `google_auth_oauthlib`'s `InstalledAppFlow` on first invocation when `~/.config/colab-cli/token.json` doesn't exist; **no separate command is needed** — any `--auth=oauth2` invocation (e.g. `colab --auth=oauth2 sessions`) triggers the browser consent flow. (b) **VM-side credentials**: how the `colab auth` subcommand injects user GCP credentials *into* the running Colab kernel so notebook code (e.g. `gcloud`, BigQuery client) can make authenticated calls from inside the VM. This uses the `USE_AUTH_EPHEM='0'` gcloud-fallback path executed on the kernel via `ColabRuntime`. **NEVER tell a user to "run `colab auth`" as a prerequisite for fixing CLI-side auth issues** — they're orthogonal layers and the suggestion misleads.
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+16. **Detached daemons inherit nothing useful**: When spawning a detached child process via `subprocess.Popen` (e.g. `spawn_keep_alive`), the child does NOT inherit the parent's parsed Typer flags. It re-parses argv from scratch, so any global flag the parent saw via `--auth=adc` or `--config /tmp/foo.json` MUST be re-emitted as part of the child's command line. Forgetting this causes silent fallback to Typer defaults: in 2026-04-30 this manifested as the keep-alive daemon (a) using OAUTH2 instead of the parent's ADC, and (b) reading from `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json` instead of the parent's `--config` path. Always propagate every relevant global flag in `cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", ...]` BEFORE the subcommand name (Typer requires global flags before the subcommand).
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+17. **Persist-before-spawn for daemons that read shared state**: When a detached child reads from a state file the parent owns (e.g. `state.store.get(session_name)`), the parent MUST persist BEFORE spawning. Otherwise the child can race ahead of the parent's `add()` call and observe an empty store. Symptom in 2026-04-30: keep-alive daemon exits immediately with `keep_alive_stopped reason=session_not_found iters=1 duration=0.0s`. Fix: call `state.store.add(s)` once before `spawn_keep_alive`, and again after (to capture the PID).
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+18. **`colab.pa.googleapis.com` rejects ADC user creds without `X-Goog-User-Project`**: When calling `colab.pa.googleapis.com` from ADC user credentials minted by `gcloud auth application-default login`, the bearer token carries the user's gcloud quota project. The colab API key sent alongside it belongs to a different project (Colab, `1014160490159`). The backend enforces project-match between the two and returns HTTP 400 `CONSUMER_INVALID` ("The API Key and the authentication credential are from different projects."). Fix: send `X-Goog-User-Project: 1014160490159` to pin the consumer project to Colab's. Any signed-in user has implicit access to the colab project via the public web client, so this works for ordinary user accounts. Service-account / GCE / GKE / impersonated creds don't hit this because their bearer token IS owned by a project that matches.
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+19. **Pydantic validation requires a schema**: `_issue_request` accepts an optional `schema=` and historically called `TypeAdapter(schema).validate_python(...)` unconditionally. When `schema=None` (a caller that doesn't care about the response body — e.g. fire-and-forget RPCs like `KeepAliveAssignment` that return `[]`), this raises `pydantic.ValidationError: Input should be None`. Always guard with `if schema is None: return` after the empty-body short-circuit.
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+20. **Suggest the branch-diff review command after committing**: The user reviews changes with `git diff main..<branch-name>` (full cumulative diff against `main`, not just the latest commit). After landing one or more commits on a feature branch, ALWAYS suggest the exact command — e.g. "Review with `git diff main..sort-help-commands`" — instead of `git show <sha>` (which only shows a single commit and misses context when a branch has multiple commits). Encoded 2026-05-05 after suggesting `git show 9d9c7da` for a branch the user wanted to review holistically.
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+21. **Verify research-tool claims with primary sources**: Research tools and AI assistants can be confidently wrong, especially about edge cases or features outside their training corpus. When such a tool says "X is not used / not parsed / doesn't exist", treat it as a hypothesis to verify, not a fact. Always cross-check against the primary source (the actual code or config) — and when a tool names files, check whether the indirection chain it describes actually exists. The cost of believing the tool when it's wrong is shipping a non-functional feature; the cost of double-checking is small. Encoded 2026-05-05 after a `colab url` first-cut shipped the wrong URL format because of unverified output.
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+22. **Clean up orphaned assignments before finishing live tests**: After running a live integration test, `colab sessions` may show server-side assignments that the local `colab stop` couldn't see (e.g. assignments leaked from earlier in the session, or from crashed prior runs). Always run `colab sessions` as the final cleanup step, and for any `[?]`-marked orphan, run `python -c "from colab_cli.common import state; state.client.unassign('<endpoint>')"` (the CLI doesn't expose a direct unassign-by-endpoint command). Re-verify with `colab sessions` returning "No active sessions". Encoded 2026-05-05 after the first `colab url` live test left an orphan from a prior conversation turn that would have idled-out and billed compute units.
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+
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+## Agent Execution Limitations (What I Can vs Cannot Run)
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+As an AI agent operating via non-interactive shell tools (`run_shell_command`), there are strict limits on what I can test autonomously without human intervention:
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+- **I CAN Run:**
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+ - Automated tests (`pytest`), linting (`ruff`), and headless execution scripts.
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+ - Subcommands that don't pause for user input (e.g., `colab new`, `colab status`, `colab stop`, `colab ls`, `colab install`, `colab exec <file.py>`).
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+ - **Piped `colab repl` and `colab console`**: as of 2026-05-07 both commands support piped stdin and exit cleanly on EOF (`echo 'cmd' | colab console -s s` returns in ~1.2s). The unpiped, interactive variants still cannot be run autonomously.
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+ - Specially crafted mock scripts that simulate timeouts or API calls.
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+- **I CANNOT Run (Requires User Assistance):**
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+ - **`colab auth`**: This command relies on the traditional Gcloud fallback `input_request` (via `USE_AUTH_EPHEM='0'`), which prompts the user via Python's `input()` to click a URL, sign in, and paste back an authorization code. My shell tool will hang indefinitely on this `input()`.
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+ - **`colab drivemount`**: This command prompts the user via `sys.stdin.readline()` (specifically querying `/dev/tty` to ensure input is captured) to press `Enter` after granting OAuth consent in the browser. My shell tool will timeout/hang waiting for `Enter`.
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+ - **Interactive (TTY) `colab repl` / `colab console`**: When stdin is a real terminal these commands drop into interactive raw-TTY modes that require real-time keystroke streaming. My shell tools cannot support this. (Piped stdin is fine — see above.)
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+
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+Whenever working on interactive commands, I must build the core logic, write mock tests, and explicitly ask the user to run the live test in their terminal to verify success.
COLAB_SKILL.md
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+# Skill: Colab Session Operator
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+
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+Operate Google Colab environments via the `colab` CLI: provision GPU/TPU sessions, run Python/shell on the VM, sync files, and capture work as notebooks.
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+
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+## When to activate
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+- Creating or managing TPU/GPU sessions.
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+- Running Python or shell on a remote Colab VM.
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+- Syncing files between local and remote.
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+- Automating environment setup (packages, auth, Drive).
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+- Exporting session history as a Jupyter notebook.
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+
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+## Workflow
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+
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+### Provision
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+- `colab new -s <name>` (CPU). Add `--gpu A100` or `--tpu v6e1` for accelerators.
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+- If only one session is active, `-s` may be omitted on most command.
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+- After `colab new`, run `colab status` to confirm the VM is responsive.
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+
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+### Execute
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+- **Preferred**: `colab exec -s <name> -f <script.py>` — runs a local script on the remote VM. The kernel `cd`s to `/content` first.
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+- **Plots**: PNG/JPEG outputs are intercepted automatically. Use `--output-image <path>` on `exec`/`repl` to save to a known location; otherwise a temp file path is printed.
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+- **Shell**: `echo "cmd" | colab console -s <name>` works for batch shell. `exec` is faster when you don't need a real shell.
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+- **Never run `colab repl` or `colab console` interactively from an agent** — they expect a TTY and will hang. Always pipe stdin.
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+
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+### Automate
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+- `colab auth -s <name>` — needed before GCP services (GCS, BigQuery).
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+- `colab drivemount -s <name>` — exposes `/content/drive/MyDrive`.
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+- `colab install -s <name> pkg1 pkg2` — uses `uv` for speed.
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+
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+### Inspect & report
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+- `colab help` lists every command.
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+- `colab log -s <name> -n 20` shows recent actions; useful when a task fails.
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+- `colab log -s <name> -o summary.ipynb` produces a notebook artifact of the session.
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+
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+## Safety
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+- **Always `colab stop -s <name>` when done** — idle VMs burn compute units.
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+- Local session state lives at `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`. Don't edit by hand.
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+- If `colab auth` fails, ask the user to verify their gcloud / OAuth credentials.
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+
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+## Recovery
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+- "Session not found": the backend may have pruned it. Run `colab sessions` and re-create if needed.
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+- Execution timeout: kernel may be deadlocked. `colab stop` then `colab new`.
CONTRIBUTING.md
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+# Contributions
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+
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+We don't have the bandwidth to review external pull requests right now, and we don't want PRs to languish, so we aren't accepting external contributions at this time.
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+
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+If you have an idea or hit a pain point, please share it on our [discussions](https://github.com/googlecolab/google-colab-cli/discussions) page — the preferred place for issues and feature requests.
LICENSE
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+
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+ Apache License
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+ Version 2.0, January 2004
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+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/
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+
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+ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
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+
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+ 1. Definitions.
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+ "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
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+ and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
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+ other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
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+ "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
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+ direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
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+ outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
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+ "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
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+ exercising permissions granted by this License.
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README.md
new
+92
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
1
+# Colab CLI
2
+
3
+A command-line interface for Google Colab. Create sessions, run code, manage files, and capture work — all without leaving your terminal.
4
+
5
+> Why? The agents are coming.
6
+
7
+## Install
8
+
9
+```bash
10
+uv tool install colab
11
+```
12
+
13
+## Quick start
14
+
15
+```bash
16
+colab new # provision a CPU session
17
+echo "print('hello')" | colab exec # run code
18
+colab stop # release the VM
19
+```
20
+
21
+When only one session is active you can omit `-s <session>`; the CLI selects it automatically.
22
+
23
+## Commands
24
+
25
+### Sessions
26
+| Command | Description |
27
+| --- | --- |
28
+| `colab new [-s NAME] [--gpu T4\|L4\|A100\|H100] [--tpu v5e1\|v6e1]` | Provision a new session (CPU by default) |
29
+| `colab sessions` | List all active sessions on the backend |
30
+| `colab status [-s NAME]` | Show one session, or all locally-known sessions |
31
+| `colab stop -s NAME` | Terminate a session |
32
+| `colab url [-s NAME] [--open]` | Print a browser URL that opens the session in Colab |
33
+
34
+### Execution
35
+| Command | Description |
36
+| --- | --- |
37
+| `colab exec [-s NAME] [-f FILE] [--output-image PATH]` | Run Python from stdin, a `.py` file, or a `.ipynb` notebook |
38
+| `colab repl [-s NAME] [--output-image PATH]` | Interactive Python REPL (or one-shot if stdin is piped) |
39
+| `colab console [-s NAME]` | Raw TTY shell on the VM (or one-shot if stdin is piped) |
40
+
41
+### Files
42
+| Command | Description |
43
+| --- | --- |
44
+| `colab ls [-s NAME] [PATH]` | List remote files |
45
+| `colab upload -s NAME LOCAL REMOTE` | Upload a file |
46
+| `colab download -s NAME REMOTE LOCAL` | Download a file |
47
+| `colab rm -s NAME PATH` | Delete a remote file |
48
+| `colab edit -s NAME PATH` | Edit a remote file in `$EDITOR` |
49
+
50
+### Automation & utility
51
+| Command | Description |
52
+| --- | --- |
53
+| `colab auth -s NAME` | Authenticate the VM for GCP services |
54
+| `colab drivemount -s NAME [PATH]` | Mount Google Drive (default `/content/drive`) |
55
+| `colab install -s NAME [-r requirements.txt \| pkg ...]` | Install packages with `uv` (falls back to `pip`) |
56
+| `colab log [-s NAME] [-n N] [-o FILE]` | View or export session history (`.ipynb`/`.md`/`.txt`/`.jsonl`) |
57
+| `colab pay` | Open the Colab signup page |
58
+| `colab version` | Print the installed version |
59
+| `colab update [--install]` | Check for a newer release (and optionally install it) |
60
+| `colab help` | Show usage |
61
+
62
+### Global options
63
+- `--auth {oauth2,adc}` — authentication strategy (default `oauth2`)
64
+- `-c, --client-oauth-config PATH` — OAuth client config (default `~/.colab-cli-oauth-config.json`)
65
+- `--config PATH` — session state file (default `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`)
66
+- `--logtostderr` — send all output to stderr
67
+
68
+## Examples
69
+
70
+```bash
71
+# Train a model on an A100, save the checkpoint locally
72
+colab new -s trainer --gpu A100
73
+colab install -s trainer torch transformers
74
+colab exec -s trainer -f train.py
75
+colab download -s trainer checkpoints/model.bin ./model.bin
76
+colab stop -s trainer
77
+
78
+# Mount Drive and analyze a notebook
79
+colab new -s analysis
80
+colab drivemount -s analysis
81
+colab exec -s analysis -f analysis.ipynb # writes analysis_output.ipynb
82
+colab log -s analysis -o report.ipynb
83
+colab stop -s analysis
84
+```
85
+
86
+## Notes
87
+
88
+- `repl` and `console` require a TTY when run interactively. Pipe stdin to use them in scripts.
89
+- `exec` reads files locally and ships their contents to the VM — local edits don't require uploading.
90
+- Session metadata is stored at `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`. Settings (auto-update etc.) live at `~/.config/colab-cli/settings.json`.
91
+
92
+See [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](./CONTRIBUTING.md) for how to file feedback.
docs/01_session_management.md
new
+102
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
1
+# Design: Session Management (`new`, `status`, `stop`, `sessions`)
2
+
3
+## Overview
4
+Session management involves interacting with the Colab backend to allocate, monitor, and terminate runtimes.
5
+
6
+## Runtime Parameters
7
+
8
+The `colab new` command supports selecting specific hardware and runtime environments. Based on the `tpu-v5e1.har` trace and `colab-agent` source code, the following parameters and values are identified:
9
+
10
+### 1. Variants (`variant`)
11
+Defines the general class of hardware requested.
12
+- `DEFAULT`: Standard CPU-based runtime.
13
+- `GPU`: Request a GPU-accelerated runtime.
14
+- `TPU`: Request a TPU-accelerated runtime.
15
+
16
+### 2. Accelerators (`accelerator`)
17
+Defines the specific hardware model.
18
+- **None**: For `DEFAULT` variant.
19
+- **GPU Accelerators**:
20
+ - `T4`: NVIDIA T4 (standard free-tier GPU).
21
+ - `L4`: NVIDIA L4 (cost-effective modern GPU).
22
+ - `A100`: NVIDIA A100 (high-performance GPU).
23
+ - `H100`: NVIDIA H100 (latest-gen performance GPU).
24
+- **TPU Accelerators**:
25
+ - `V2-8`: TPU v2 (8 cores).
26
+ - `V5E1`: TPU v5e (1 core, optimized for inference/efficient training).
27
+ - `V6E1`: TPU v6e (1 core, high performance).
28
+
29
+### 3. CLI Mapping
30
+The CLI maps user flags to these backend parameters:
31
+- `colab new my-session` -> `variant=DEFAULT`, `accelerator=NONE`
32
+- `colab new my-session -gpu=L4` -> `variant=GPU`, `accelerator=L4`
33
+- `colab new my-session -tpu=v5e1` -> `variant=TPU`, `accelerator=V5E1`
34
+
35
+## Approach
36
+
37
+### 1. New Session (`colab new`)
38
+- **API**: `GET https://colab.sandbox.google.com/tun/m/assign` (based on HAR).
39
+- **Parameters**:
40
+ - `nbh`: Notebook hash. Generated from a unique UUID per CLI session/client instance, transformed to web-safe base64 with specific padding (44 characters total).
41
+ - `nsa`: 1 (Standard flag observed in browser traces, typically for "next-gen session architecture").
42
+ - `variant`: Selected from the list above.
43
+ - `accelerator`: Selected from the list above.
44
+- **State Persistence**: The response contains a `token` and potentially a backend URL or identifier. We will store this in a local JSON file (default `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`).
45
+ - Format: `{ "session_name": { "token": "...", "backend_url": "...", "hardware": "..." } }`
46
+
47
+### 2. Session Status (`colab status`)
48
+- **API**: `/api/sessions` or querying the kernel for resource usage via a special "status" message.
49
+- **Metric Collection**: Execute a small snippet on the VM to get memory/CPU usage if the backend API doesn't provide it directly.
50
+
51
+### 3. Stop Session (`colab stop`)
52
+- **API**: `POST https://colab.sandbox.google.com/tun/m/unassign/<endpoint>` (based on `tpu-v5e1-unassign.har`).
53
+- **Flow**:
54
+ 1. Perform a `GET` request to the unassign URL to obtain a fresh XSRF token.
55
+ 2. Perform a `POST` request to the same URL with the `X-Goog-Colab-Token` header.
56
+- **Parameters**:
57
+ - `authuser`: 0.
58
+ - `<endpoint>`: The unique session identifier returned during assignment (e.g., `tpu-v5e1-s-kkb-...`).
59
+- **Cleanup**: Remove the session from the local state file upon successful 204 response.
60
+
61
+### 4. Session Listing (`colab sessions`)
62
+- **API**: `GET https://colab.research.google.com/tun/m/assignments` (based on `colab-agent` implementation).
63
+- **Function**: Lists all active VM assignments for the user. This is useful for synchronizing local state with actual backend sessions.
64
+
65
+### 5. Keep-Alive Protocol
66
+To prevent Colab VMs from being deleted due to idle timeouts (standard is ~90 minutes), the CLI implements a background keep-alive mechanism.
67
+- **Daemon Process**: Since the CLI is a fire-and-forget tool, `colab new` spawns a detached background process running a hidden `keep-alive` command.
68
+- **RPC**: Every 60 seconds, the daemon calls `google.internal.colab.v1.RuntimeService/KeepAliveAssignment` at `colab.pa.googleapis.com`. The wire format is grpc-web JSON: `Content-Type: application/json+protobuf`, body `["<endpoint>"]` (positional protojson), `X-Goog-Api-Client: grpc-web/0.1`, `x-user-agent: grpc-web-javascript/0.1`. **Both** the `colaboratory` OAuth scope (see `04_automation_and_utility.md`) and the `grpc-web` substring in `X-Goog-Api-Client` are server-enforced; missing either yields a descriptive 403/400 response.
69
+- **Pre-flight (`colab new`, OAuth2/ADC only)**: Immediately after a successful `assign`, the CLI invokes `keep_alive_assignment` once synchronously. If the response is 403 with a `SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED` body, it unassigns the new VM (to avoid leaking a billable assignment) and prints a per-provider remediation message before exiting non-zero. Other errors are tolerated — the daemon will retry and surface them via the structured event log.
70
+- **Structured logging**: The daemon emits `keep_alive_started` (with `pid`, `endpoint`), one `keep_alive_error` per failed iteration (with `status_code`, `error_type`, truncated `error`, `response_body`, `iteration`, `consecutive_4xx`), and `keep_alive_stopped` (with `reason`, `iterations`, `duration_seconds`, optional `last_error`, optional `expected_endpoint`/`actual_endpoint`). All three are rendered specially by `colab log` so users get diagnostic context without parsing JSONL by hand.
71
+- **Termination**:
72
+ - **Explicit**: `colab stop` terminates the daemon using its stored PID.
73
+ - **Implicit**: If a session is pruned (e.g., during `sync_sessions`), its daemon is also terminated.
74
+ - **Safety Fallback**: The daemon automatically terminates after 24 hours to prevent permanent zombie processes.
75
+ - **State Check**: The daemon periodically verifies that its session still exists in the local state store; if missing, it exits.
76
+ - **Repeated 4xx**: After two consecutive 4xx responses, the daemon exits with `reason=consecutive_4xx_errors`. The pre-flight in `colab new` now catches the most common cause (missing `colaboratory` scope) before it reaches this branch.
77
+
78
+## TODO / Future Work
79
+- **Backend Sync**: Implement a way to reconcile the local `sessions.json` with the output of `colab sessions`.
80
+- **Resource Usage**: Add real-time resource usage (CPU/RAM/GPU) to the `status` output by executing a diagnostic snippet on the VM.
81
+
82
+## Implementation Details
83
+- **Authentication**: Uses `google-auth-oauthlib` to perform a local server OAuth flow.
84
+- **Global Flags**:
85
+ - `-c`, `--client-oauth-config`: Path to the client secrets JSON file (default: `~/.colab-cli-oauth-config.json`).
86
+ - `--config`: Path to the session state JSON file (default: `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`).
87
+- **Token Storage**: Credentials are persisted to `~/.config/colab-cli/token.json` after the initial flow.
88
+- Use `requests` for robust HTTP interactions and `pydantic` for schema validation.
89
+- Handle authentication headers (likely `Authorization: Bearer <token>` or cookies).
90
+
91
+## Testing Strategy
92
+TDD is mandatory for all session management features.
93
+
94
+### 1. Mock Assignment API
95
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab new` correctly parses a `PostAssignmentResponse` and stores it in the local `StateStore`.
96
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab stop` sends a `POST` request with the correct XSRF token to the unassign endpoint.
97
+- **Test Case**: Verify that the path provided via `-c` is correctly passed to the authentication flow.
98
+- **Mocking**: Use `unittest.mock` to intercept `requests.Session.request` and return simulated XSSI-prefixed JSON payloads matching the HAR traces.
99
+
100
+### 2. State Store Validation
101
+- **Test Case**: Verify `StateStore` correctly handles file locking and multiple concurrent reads/writes.
102
+- **Test Case**: Verify `--config` override correctly directs all operations to the specified file path.
docs/02_execution_and_interactive.md
new
+54
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
1
+---
2
+log:
3
+2026-05-07: Fixed `colab console` piped-stdin handling. Previously a piped invocation (e.g. `echo 'cmd' | colab console -s s`) sent the command and then hung indefinitely because the previous EOF handler emitted a bare `\x04` (Ctrl-D), which the remote `tmux`-wrapped bash treats as a literal character rather than a session terminator. The new handler sends `exit\n` (which bash actually exits on) and then closes the websocket from the client side after a short grace period (`PIPED_EOF_GRACE_SECONDS = 0.5s`) so any tail output (bash `logout`, tmux `[exited]`) makes it back to the user. TTY mode is unchanged: real-terminal EOF is left to the remote shell. Verified live: `echo 'echo HELLO' | colab console -s s` now exits in ~1.2s instead of hanging.
4
+
5
+2026-05-07: Fixed `print_kitty` (used by `colab exec --output-image` and any image-producing exec) to no-op when `sys.stdout.isatty()` is false. The Kitty Graphics Protocol escape sequence is meaningless when stdout is a file or pipe and was visually corrupting captured output (a multi-KB base64 PNG blob would land in log files, grep targets, or showboat captures). Image bytes are still saved to disk via `handle_image`'s file-write path; only the inline-render attempt is suppressed.
6
+---
7
+
8
+# Design: Execution and Interactive Interaction (`repl`, `exec`, `console`)
9
+
10
+## Overview
11
+Execution involves sending Python code (or shell commands) to the Jupyter kernel running on the Colab VM and processing the stream of output messages.
12
+
13
+## Approach
14
+
15
+### 1. REPL (`colab repl`)
16
+- **Transport**: WebSockets (using `websockets` library if allowed, or a custom `http.client` based long-polling implementation if we're strictly stdlib).
17
+- **Communication**: Jupyter Kernel Messaging Protocol.
18
+ - `execute_request`: Send code string.
19
+ - `execute_reply`: Get status.
20
+ - `iopub.stream`: Capture `stdout` and `stderr`.
21
+- **Interactive Mode**: Standard Python `cmd.Cmd` or `code.InteractiveConsole` for local input/output.
22
+- **Piping Support**: Detect `sys.stdin.isatty()`. If not a TTY, read all input and send as a single execution request.
23
+
24
+### 2. Execution (`colab exec`)
25
+- **File Handling**:
26
+ - If file path is local: Read content, send as code.
27
+ - If file path is remote: Execute `!python <path>`.
28
+- **Multi-Modal Output**: Handle `display_data` messages (e.g., `image/png`, `text/html`). For the CLI, we'll save images to temporary files and print their paths, or if the terminal supports it (e.g., iTerm2), inline them.
29
+
30
+### 3. Console (`colab console`)
31
+- **Implementation**: Connects directly to the backend terminal endpoint (`/colab/tty`) via WebSockets using `websocket-client`.
32
+- **Interactive**: Bypasses the Jupyter kernel entirely to provide a raw, PTY-backed bash session on the Colab VM.
33
+- **Terminal Management**: Configures `sys.stdin` to raw mode using `termios` and `tty`, passing single characters to the socket and writing raw ANSI escape sequences directly to `sys.stdout.buffer`. Hooks into `SIGWINCH` to communicate local terminal dimensions (`cols`/`rows`) to the remote bash environment so output rendering works perfectly during resizing.
34
+- **Piped stdin**: Detected via `sys.stdin.isatty()`. When piped, the input characters are forwarded one at a time to the remote pty, and on EOF the client sends `exit\n` and then closes the websocket itself after `PIPED_EOF_GRACE_SECONDS` (0.5s) so the user's shell goodbye text drains back. The remote `/colab/tty` endpoint wraps bash in tmux, which intercepts a bare `\x04` as a literal character — that is why we send `exit\n` rather than Ctrl-D.
35
+
36
+## Implementation Details
37
+- **Kernel Management**: `ColabRuntime` (from `colab-agent`) already handles message signing and message types.
38
+- **Output Streaming**: Continuous polling or asynchronous message handling to provide real-time output.
39
+- **Piping Example**: `cat script.py | colab exec -s my-session`.
40
+
41
+## Testing Strategy
42
+TDD is mandatory for all execution features.
43
+
44
+### 1. Mock Kernel Client
45
+- **Test Case**: Verify `ColabRuntime` correctly sends an `execute_request` message over the websocket.
46
+- **Test Case**: Verify `iopub.stream` messages are correctly handled and printed to `stdout` in real-time.
47
+- **Test Case**: Verify `display_data` (specifically `image/png`) triggers the correct local handling (saving or display).
48
+
49
+### 2. TTY and Piping
50
+- **Test Case**: Mock `sys.stdin.isatty()` to verify `colab repl` correctly switches between interactive mode and one-shot piped execution.
51
+- **Test Case**: Verify large piped inputs are handled without buffer overflow or truncation.
52
+- **Test Case**: `colab console` with piped stdin sends `exit\n` and calls `ws.close()` on EOF (regression: previously sent `\x04` only and hung).
53
+- **Test Case**: `colab console` in TTY mode does not synthesize an exit on EOF (the user owns the session lifecycle).
54
+- **Test Case**: `print_kitty` is a no-op when `sys.stdout.isatty()` is false (regression: previously emitted ANSI/base64 into pipes and files).
docs/03_file_management.md
new
+62
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
1
+# Design: File Management (`ls`, `rm`, `upload`, `download`, `edit`)
2
+
3
+## Overview
4
+File management on the Colab VM will be implemented using the Jupyter Contents API.
5
+
6
+## Approach
7
+
8
+### 1. Listing Files (`colab ls`)
9
+- **API**: `GET /api/contents/<path>` (as seen in HAR L68181).
10
+- **Parameters**:
11
+ - `authuser`: 0
12
+ - `colab-runtime-proxy-token`: <session_token>
13
+- **Response**: JSON with `content` field containing an array of directory entries.
14
+- **Display**: Pretty-print the list (similar to `ls -F` or a formatted table).
15
+
16
+### 2. Uploading Files (`colab upload`)
17
+- **API**: `PUT /api/contents/<remote_path>` (as seen in HAR).
18
+- **Payload**: JSON body:
19
+ ```json
20
+ {
21
+ "name": "filename.txt",
22
+ "path": "path/filename.txt",
23
+ "type": "file",
24
+ "format": "text",
25
+ "content": "..."
26
+ }
27
+ ```
28
+- **Base64 Encoding**: Use `format: base64` for binary files.
29
+- **Progress**: Implement a simple progress bar for large uploads by chunking or providing status updates.
30
+
31
+### 3. Downloading Files (`colab download`)
32
+- **API**: `GET /api/contents/<remote_path>?content=1` (as seen in HAR).
33
+- **Response**: JSON with `content` field.
34
+- **Handling**: Decodes content based on `format` (text or base64) and saves it locally.
35
+
36
+### 4. Deleting Files (`colab rm`)
37
+- **API**: `DELETE /api/contents/<remote_path>`.
38
+
39
+### 5. Editing Files (`colab edit`)
40
+- **Approach**: Combines downloading the remote file, opening it in the user's `$EDITOR` locally, and subsequently uploading the changed file if modifications were made.
41
+- **State tracking**: Uses a SHA-256 hash to track file changes securely and deterministically between before and after the editor is invoked.
42
+- **Fallbacks**: Creates an empty local temporary file if the target file on the Colab runtime doesn't exist yet, essentially acting like `touch`.
43
+
44
+## Implementation Details
45
+- **Base URL**: The backend URL obtained during session assignment.
46
+- **Proxy Token**: The `colab-runtime-proxy-token` is required for each request.
47
+- **Error Handling**: Handle 404 (not found) and 403 (unauthorized).
48
+- **Large Files**: The Contents API might have limitations for very large files. If so, we'll implement a fallback via the kernel (streaming chunks).
49
+
50
+## Testing Strategy
51
+TDD is mandatory for all file management features.
52
+
53
+### 1. Mock Contents API
54
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab ls` correctly parses a Jupyter `contents` JSON response with `type: directory` and `type: file`.
55
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab upload` correctly base64-encodes a binary local file for the `PUT` payload.
56
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab download` correctly decodes the `content` field from the `GET` response and saves it locally.
57
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab edit` safely handles when a file is or isn't modified.
58
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab edit` securely opens a system editor safely through mocks without hanging the testing environment.
59
+
60
+### 2. Error Cases
61
+- **Test Case**: Verify 404 responses are correctly caught and presented as a "File not found" error to the user.
62
+- **Test Case**: Verify correct handling of large file uploads exceeding API limits via kernel streaming.
\ No newline at end of file
docs/04_automation_and_utility.md
new
+271
@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
1
+---
2
+log:
3
+2026-05-07: Added a developer-only `colab whoami` subcommand (hidden from `colab --help`). Mints an access token via the same `auth.get_credentials(...)` path the rest of the CLI uses (honoring the global `--auth=...` flag), refreshes the credentials, then queries `https://oauth2.googleapis.com/tokeninfo` to print the email, scopes, audience, and expiry of whatever the CLI is about to send. Built specifically to short-circuit the "why is my call to colab.pa.googleapis.com 403-ing" debugging loop — the answer is almost always "missing scope" or "wrong identity", both of which `whoami` makes immediately visible. Hidden via `app.command(hidden=True)`; reachable via `colab whoami` or `colab whoami --help`. Suppressed from the daily-update banner check (added to `_AUTO_UPDATE_SUPPRESSED` in `cli.py`) so the banner doesn't obscure the auth output.
4
+2026-05-11: Removed the local-file update source (`update_file_path` setting and `_fetch_local` helper); `colab update` now consults PyPI only. Switched the default `update_url` to the canonical PyPI JSON API (`https://pypi.org/pypi/google-colab-cli/json`), which already exposes the `info.version` schema the auto-update subsystem expects. Re-added `colab update --install` as a public self-install path that runs `pip install -U google-colab-cli` against the current `sys.executable`; Linux-only (other platforms exit non-zero with an explanatory message), and a silent no-op when the cached `latest_version` is already at or below the current install.
5
+---
6
+
7
+# Design: Automation and Utility (`auth`, `install`, `log`, `pay`, `version`, `update`, `whoami`)
8
+
9
+## Overview
10
+
11
+These subcommands are implemented by executing Python code on the Colab VM,
12
+managing local state, or inspecting the environment.
13
+
14
+## Authentication Strategies (CLI Backend)
15
+
16
+The CLI supports two authentication strategies for talking to the Colab
17
+backend, selected via the global `--auth=<provider>` flag:
18
+
19
+1. **`oauth2`** (default): Standard public InstalledAppFlow via
20
+ `google-auth-oauthlib`. Opens a browser for consent, caches the refresh
21
+ token at `~/.config/colab-cli/token.json`. Requires a client OAuth
22
+ config at `~/.colab-cli-oauth-config.json` or a path passed via
23
+ `-c/--client-oauth-config`.
24
+2. **`adc`**: Application Default Credentials via `google.auth.default()`.
25
+ Honors the standard ADC discovery chain
26
+ (`GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS`, `gcloud auth application-default
27
+ login`, GCE/GKE metadata server). Useful when running the CLI from
28
+ environments that already have ambient Google credentials.
29
+
30
+The choices are encoded as the `AuthProvider` string-enum in `auth.py`. The
31
+`get_credentials(config_path, provider)` entry point dispatches on this enum,
32
+allowing the core `Client` to remain authentication-agnostic — it only sees a
33
+`requests.AuthorizedSession`.
34
+
35
+### Required Scopes
36
+
37
+The CLI talks to two distinct backends, each with different scope demands:
38
+
39
+- `colab.research.google.com` (session assignment / unassignment /
40
+ contents API): the `userinfo.email` scope is sufficient.
41
+- `colab.pa.googleapis.com` (`RuntimeService`, used by
42
+ `KeepAliveAssignment`): **requires** the
43
+ `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory` scope. Without it, every
44
+ request returns HTTP 403 with body `[7,"Request had insufficient
45
+ authentication scopes.",...]` and a `DebugInfo` mentioning
46
+ `SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED`. (The frontend additionally requires
47
+ `X-Goog-Api-Client` to contain `grpc-web` — see
48
+ `01_session_management.md` §5.)
49
+
50
+How each provider supplies the scope:
51
+
52
+- **`oauth2`**: `PUBLIC_SCOPES` already includes `colaboratory`, so the
53
+ InstalledAppFlow consent screen lists it. Existing cached tokens at
54
+ `~/.config/colab-cli/token.json` that were minted before this change must
55
+ be deleted to trigger a fresh consent flow.
56
+- **`adc`**: `google.auth.default(scopes=PUBLIC_SCOPES)` is called, and for
57
+ credential subclasses that support `with_scopes` (service accounts,
58
+ GCE/GKE metadata, impersonated) we re-apply via `creds.with_scopes(...)`.
59
+ User credentials from `gcloud auth application-default login` ignore the
60
+ `scopes=` kwarg AND raise `NotImplementedError` on `with_scopes`; those
61
+ users must explicitly re-authenticate:
62
+
63
+ ```
64
+ gcloud auth application-default login \
65
+ --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,\
66
+ https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory
67
+ ```
68
+
69
+ Both scopes are required: `userinfo.email` for the session backend at
70
+ `colab.research.google.com` (otherwise assign/unassign/sessions return
71
+ HTTP 401), and `colaboratory` for the `RuntimeService` at
72
+ `colab.pa.googleapis.com` (otherwise keep-alive returns HTTP 403).
73
+
74
+`colab new` performs a one-shot keep-alive pre-flight after `assign`
75
+succeeds so missing-scope failures surface immediately (with per-provider
76
+remediation guidance) rather than silently after ~1 minute via the daemon.
77
+
78
+## Approach
79
+
80
+### 1. Authentication (`colab auth`)
81
+
82
+- **Action**: Execute code on the VM to trigger user-interactive
83
+ authentication using the classic Gcloud fallback.
84
+- **Code**: `python import os os.environ['USE_AUTH_EPHEM'] = '0' from
85
+ google.colab import auth auth.authenticate_user()`
86
+- **Handling**: Setting `USE_AUTH_EPHEM` to `'0'` forces the kernel to print a
87
+ standard `gcloud` verification URL and trigger an `input_request` message on
88
+ the `iopub` channel. The CLI intercepts this via a `stdin_hook` and prompts
89
+ the user locally, returning the code to unlock the kernel.
90
+
91
+### 2. Package Installation (`colab install`)
92
+
93
+- **Action**: Execute `pip` on the VM.
94
+- **Code**: `python import sys, subprocess
95
+ subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "..."])`
96
+- **Requirements File**: Upload `requirements.txt` if provided with `-r` and
97
+ then run `pip install -r`.
98
+
99
+### 3. Drive Mounting (`colab drivemount`)
100
+
101
+- **Action**: Execute `drive.mount()` and transparently proxy Colab's
102
+ proprietary credential propagation flow.
103
+- **Code**: `python from google.colab import drive
104
+ drive.mount('/content/drive')`
105
+- **Handling**: Because `drivefs` enforces the ephemeral side-channel
106
+ propagation (`colab_request` over websocket), the CLI intercepts these
107
+ messages using `ColabRuntime.colab_request_hook`. When intercepted, the CLI
108
+ automatically interacts with the Colab backend
109
+ (`/tun/m/credentials-propagation/`), prompts the user with the Google OAuth
110
+ consent URL if needed, and dispatches the required `colab_reply` message to
111
+ the `stdin` channel to unlock the kernel thread.
112
+
113
+### 4. Logging and Notebook Capture (`colab log`)
114
+
115
+- **Action**: Capture the session's command history and outputs.
116
+- **Storage**: Maintain a local JSON-L file of all major operations,
117
+ executions, and stdin interactions in
118
+ `~/.config/colab-cli/history/<session_name>.jsonl`.
119
+- **Viewing**: `colab log list` and `colab log show <session>`.
120
+- **Conversion (Planned)**: Future expansion to convert history logs to
121
+ `.ipynb` or `.html`.
122
+
123
+### 5. Subscription Management (`colab pay`)
124
+
125
+- **Action**: Open the Colab signup page in the user's browser.
126
+- **Implementation**: Uses
127
+ `webbrowser.open("https://colab.research.google.com/signup")`.
128
+
129
+### 6. Version Information (`colab version`)
130
+
131
+- **Action**: Show the current version of the Colab CLI.
132
+- **Implementation**:
133
+ - Attempts to retrieve the version using
134
+ `importlib.metadata.version("colab")`.
135
+ - If not installed (e.g., running from source), it falls back to the short
136
+ Git commit hash using `git rev-parse --short HEAD`.
137
+ - Dynamic versioning is supported in the build system via `hatch-vcs`.
138
+
139
+### 7. Auto-Update (`colab update`)
140
+
141
+- **Action**: Check if a new version of the Colab CLI is available.
142
+- **Auto-check**: The CLI automatically checks for updates once every 24 hours
143
+ during the execution of any command. Independently, the cached
144
+ `latest_version` (see below) is consulted on **every** invocation so the
145
+ upgrade banner remains visible between fetches without requiring a network
146
+ round-trip.
147
+- **Suppressed subcommands**: To keep machine-parseable output clean, the
148
+ daily fetch and the cached banner are suppressed for `update` (which
149
+ runs its own check), `version`, `log`, `pay`, `url`, `help`, and
150
+ `whoami`. The list lives as `_AUTO_UPDATE_SUPPRESSED` in the global
151
+ Typer callback in `cli.py`.
152
+- **Manual-check**: `colab update` forces a check and prints the status.
153
+- **Implementation**:
154
+ - Fetches a PyPI-style JSON document from a configurable `update_url`
155
+ (default: `https://pypi.org/pypi/google-colab-cli/json`) and reads
156
+ `info.version`.
157
+ - Compares the fetched version with the current CLI version using
158
+ PEP 440 / semantic versioning, falling back to string equality when a
159
+ version is unparseable.
160
+ - Persists the following fields in `~/.config/colab-cli/settings.json`:
161
+ - `update_url`: source configuration.
162
+ - `last_check`: timestamp of the last fetch (drives the daily
163
+ throttle).
164
+ - `enable_update_check`: master switch for both the daily fetch and
165
+ the cached banner.
166
+ - `latest_version`: highest version observed during the most
167
+ recent successful check. Updated whenever a strictly-newer
168
+ version is observed (never downgraded), and preserved verbatim
169
+ across failed checks so transient network issues do not erase
170
+ the cache.
171
+- **Notification**: If a new version is found, a non-intrusive message is
172
+ printed to the console with a `Run 'pip install --upgrade colab' to
173
+ update.` hint. The cached banner shown between fetches uses the generic
174
+ `Run 'colab update' to update.` hint.
175
+- **Self-install (`--install`)**: An opt-in `--install` flag (default
176
+ `False`) makes `colab update` shell out to `pip install -U
177
+ google-colab-cli` (using `sys.executable` so the upgrade lands in the
178
+ same interpreter the CLI is running under). **Linux only**; on other
179
+ platforms the command exits non-zero with an explanatory message. When
180
+ the cached `latest_version` is already at or below the current install,
181
+ the flag is a silent no-op so it is safe to wire into automation. If
182
+ `pip` exits non-zero, `colab update --install` propagates the same
183
+ exit code.
184
+
185
+### 8. Identity Inspection (`colab whoami`) [developer-only]
186
+
187
+- **Action**: Resolve the active credentials, mint an access token, and
188
+ print the email, audience, scopes, and expiry of that token.
189
+- **Visibility**: Registered with `hidden=True` so it does not appear in
190
+ `colab --help`. Discoverable via source code, `colab whoami --help`, or
191
+ word-of-mouth. The intent is to keep the public surface focused on
192
+ end-user commands while still giving developers a one-shot debugging
193
+ aid.
194
+- **Implementation**:
195
+ - Calls `auth.get_credentials(state.client_oauth_config,
196
+ provider=state.auth_provider)` — the exact same code path the
197
+ `Client` uses — so the token reflects what the rest of the CLI
198
+ would actually send.
199
+ - Always calls `creds.refresh(Request())` before reading
200
+ `creds.token`. Service-account, GCE/GKE-metadata, and some
201
+ impersonated credentials lazy-mint the token; without an explicit
202
+ refresh `creds.token` is `None` even for valid credentials.
203
+ - Hits `https://oauth2.googleapis.com/tokeninfo?access_token=<token>`
204
+ via stdlib `urllib.request` rather than the already-authorized
205
+ `requests.AuthorizedSession`. The tokeninfo endpoint accepts the
206
+ token as a query parameter and does NOT want a `Bearer` header
207
+ alongside it.
208
+ - Renders `expires_in` (seconds) as minutes for readability.
209
+ - On HTTP 4xx from tokeninfo (typical for revoked/expired tokens),
210
+ the JSON error body is surfaced verbatim rather than being
211
+ swallowed; the developer needs to see *why* the token was
212
+ rejected.
213
+- **Output shape**:
214
+ ```
215
+ Auth provider: adc
216
+ Email: user@example.com
217
+ Audience: 764086051850-...apps.googleusercontent.com
218
+ Expires in: 47m
219
+ Scopes:
220
+ - email
221
+ - https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform
222
+ - https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory
223
+ - https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email
224
+ - openid
225
+ ```
226
+
227
+## Implementation Details
228
+
229
+- **Code Injection**: Use a standard `run_code(session, code)` helper via
230
+ `ColabRuntime`.
231
+- **History Management**: Use `HistoryLogger` class to append structured
232
+ events to session-specific `.jsonl` files.
233
+- **Interactive Prompts**: Instrumented `stdin_hook` and `colab_request_hook`
234
+ to record interactive user input and proprietary backend requests.
235
+
236
+## Testing Strategy
237
+
238
+TDD is mandatory for all automation features.
239
+
240
+### 1. Mock Kernel Injection
241
+
242
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab auth` correctly injects `from google.colab
243
+ import auth; auth.authenticate_user()`.
244
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab install` correctly injects `pip install` or `uv
245
+ install` commands to the remote VM kernel.
246
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab drivemount` correctly injects `drive.mount()`
247
+ commands and registers the `colab_request_hook` to intercept credential
248
+ propagation events.
249
+
250
+### 2. History Capture
251
+
252
+- **Test Case**: Verify all code sent via `exec` is correctly appended to the
253
+ JSON-L history file for that session.
254
+- **Test Case**: Verify `colab log` correctly generates an `.ipynb` from a
255
+ populated history file.
256
+
257
+### 3. `whoami` Identity Resolution
258
+
259
+- **Test Case**: Mock the credentials + `urllib.request.urlopen` to return a
260
+ fake tokeninfo payload; verify the printed output contains the email, the
261
+ active auth provider name, the scopes (one per line), and a human-readable
262
+ expires-in (minutes, not raw seconds).
263
+- **Test Case**: When `urlopen` raises `HTTPError(400)` (revoked/expired
264
+ token), `whoami` exits non-zero with a message identifying the failure
265
+ rather than emitting an unhandled traceback.
266
+- **Test Case**: `colab --help` does NOT mention `whoami` (regression
267
+ against accidental un-hiding) but `colab whoami --help` still shows the
268
+ command's own help text.
269
+- **Test Case**: `creds.refresh()` is called before `creds.token` is read
270
+ (regression against silently-`None` tokens for service-account /
271
+ GCE-metadata creds).
docs/3042ab12-2026-05-07.png
Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/3042ab12-2026-05-07.png differ
docs/demos.md
new
+625
@@ -0,0 +1,625 @@
1
+# Colab CLI: Demo Walkthroughs
2
+
3
+*Captured 2026-05-07 against a live Colab backend with `showboat` 0.6.1.*
4
+<!-- showboat-id: a24e677e-5052-4bec-8f82-36eb7a7859f9 -->
5
+
6
+Eleven scenarios that exercise common workflows, plus a final "bridging back to the browser" example. Every `colab` invocation below was actually executed; the text inside each `output` block was captured verbatim from stdout/stderr.
7
+
8
+**Methodology**
9
+- Auth: `--auth=adc`. To set up: `gcloud auth application-default login --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory`.
10
+- Accelerator: every session uses **CPU**. Provisioning real accelerators is gated by per-account quota and would not work for most readers; the workflows themselves are accelerator-agnostic, so where a demo's narrative mentions a GPU or TPU the prose flags the substitution.
11
+- Interactive subcommands — `colab auth`, `colab drivemount`, and unpiped `colab repl` / `colab console` — are **not run** here because they require human interaction at a TTY. Demos that would normally use them include an inline note explaining what they do and the workflow continues with the non-interactive parts.
12
+- `enable_update_check` is set to `false` in `~/.config/colab-cli/settings.json` for the duration of recording so the daily upgrade banner doesn't pollute output.
13
+- `PYTHONWARNINGS=ignore` is set in the environment to suppress the ADC quota-project warning that `google.auth` emits on every call from end-user credentials.
14
+
15
+**Re-verifiability caveat**: this document is **not** re-verifiable with `showboat verify`. Each `colab new` produces a fresh server-assigned session endpoint (`m-s-...`), so the recorded output never matches a re-run exactly. Treat this as a one-time witness that the workflows succeeded as of the recording date.
16
+
17
+## Demo 1: Cloud-native scientist
18
+
19
+Provision a session, run a JAX workload over a small dataset, then tear the session down. Demonstrates the headline pattern of `colab new` → `colab exec` → `colab stop`. (A full-fidelity run of this scenario would also call `colab auth` and `colab drivemount` so the JAX code could read from BigQuery and write to Drive — both interactive, see the skip note below — and would request a TPU instead of CPU.)
20
+
21
+```bash
22
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s research
23
+```
24
+
25
+```output
26
+[colab] Creating session 'research'...
27
+[colab] Session READY.
28
+```
29
+
30
+*Skipped:* `colab auth -s research` and `colab drivemount -s research`. Both require interactive TTY consent — `auth` prompts the user to visit an OAuth URL and paste back a verification code; `drivemount` prompts for an Enter keypress after the user grants consent in their browser. Verified separately in `integration/`.
31
+
32
+```bash
33
+uv run colab --auth=adc install -s research jax 2>&1 | tail -20
34
+```
35
+
36
+```output
37
+[colab] Installing packages on research (preferring uv)...
38
+Installation Complete (via uv)!
39
+```
40
+
41
+```bash
42
+cat <<'EOF' | uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s research
43
+import jax, jax.numpy as jnp
44
+import numpy as np
45
+
46
+# (BigQuery substituted with synthetic data — would normally use:
47
+# df = bigquery.Client().query('SELECT * FROM bigquery-public-data.ml_datasets.iris LIMIT 100').to_dataframe())
48
+data = np.random.RandomState(0).randn(100, 4)
49
+
50
+print('Devices:', jax.devices())
51
+w = jax.random.normal(jax.random.PRNGKey(0), (4, 4))
52
+out = jax.jit(lambda x, w: x @ w)(jnp.array(data), w)
53
+print(f'Processed {len(out)} rows.')
54
+EOF
55
+
56
+```
57
+
58
+```output
59
+Devices: [CpuDevice(id=0)]
60
+Processed 100 rows.
61
+```
62
+
63
+```bash
64
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s research
65
+```
66
+
67
+```output
68
+[colab] Stopping session 'research'...
69
+[colab] Session terminated.
70
+```
71
+
72
+## Demo 2: Fast iteration on GPU
73
+
74
+A typical model-training cycle: provision → install dependencies → run a training script → check status → download the resulting checkpoint. The script here is a 1-layer linear regression on synthetic data so it finishes in a few seconds on CPU; substitute your real training code and `--gpu A100` for a production run.
75
+
76
+```bash
77
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s trainer
78
+```
79
+
80
+```output
81
+[colab] Creating session 'trainer'...
82
+[colab] Session READY.
83
+```
84
+
85
+```bash
86
+uv run colab --auth=adc install -s trainer torch 2>&1 | tail -5
87
+```
88
+
89
+```output
90
+[colab] Installing packages on trainer (preferring uv)...
91
+Installation Complete (via uv)!
92
+```
93
+
94
+```bash
95
+uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s trainer -f /tmp/train.py
96
+```
97
+
98
+```output
99
+Epoch 1/10: loss 14.380
100
+Epoch 2/10: loss 11.639
101
+Epoch 3/10: loss 9.440
102
+Epoch 4/10: loss 7.671
103
+Epoch 5/10: loss 6.247
104
+Epoch 6/10: loss 5.097
105
+Epoch 7/10: loss 4.167
106
+Epoch 8/10: loss 3.414
107
+Epoch 9/10: loss 2.802
108
+Epoch 10/10: loss 2.305
109
+Training complete.
110
+```
111
+
112
+```bash
113
+uv run colab --auth=adc download -s trainer /content/model.bin /tmp/model.bin && ls -la /tmp/model.bin
114
+```
115
+
116
+```output
117
+[colab] Downloaded '/content/model.bin' to '/tmp/model.bin'
118
+-rw-r----- 1 rtp primarygroup 1877 May 7 23:11 /tmp/model.bin
119
+```
120
+
121
+```bash
122
+uv run colab --auth=adc status -s trainer
123
+```
124
+
125
+```output
126
+[trainer] m-s-kkb-usw1c0-21g32dh850cd4 | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT | Status: IDLE
127
+ Last Execution: /tmp/train.py at 2026-05-07 23:11:32
128
+```
129
+
130
+```bash
131
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s trainer
132
+```
133
+
134
+```output
135
+[colab] Stopping session 'trainer'...
136
+[colab] Session terminated.
137
+```
138
+
139
+## Demo 3: Interactive troubleshooting (piped)
140
+
141
+Both `colab console` and `colab repl` accept piped stdin and exit on EOF, so they compose well with shell pipelines and other CLI tools. This demo investigates remote disk usage with a one-shot shell command, lists `/content`, creates and removes a scratch file, and then queries free space from a one-shot REPL.
142
+
143
+```bash
144
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s debug
145
+```
146
+
147
+```output
148
+[colab] Creating session 'debug'...
149
+[colab] Session READY.
150
+```
151
+
152
+*Note:* `colab console` connects to a tmux-wrapped pty on the VM, so even when stdin is piped the raw stdout contains terminal-control bytes (cursor moves, status-line repaints, ANSI color). For programmatic consumption, pipe the output through `grep -a` (force binary-safe) and a regex matching the line(s) you care about, as shown below.
153
+
154
+```bash
155
+echo 'df -h /content' | uv run colab --auth=adc console -s debug 2>&1 | grep -aE 'overlay|/dev/'
156
+```
157
+
158
+```output
159
+overlay 108G 21G 87G 20% /
160
+```
161
+
162
+```bash
163
+uv run colab --auth=adc ls -s debug /content
164
+```
165
+
166
+```output
167
+.config/
168
+sample_data/
169
+```
170
+
171
+```bash
172
+echo 'with open("/content/scratch.log", "w") as f: f.write("x" * 1024 * 100)
173
+print("created scratch.log (100 KB)")' | uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s debug
174
+```
175
+
176
+```output
177
+created scratch.log (100 KB)
178
+```
179
+
180
+```bash
181
+uv run colab --auth=adc rm -s debug /content/scratch.log
182
+```
183
+
184
+```output
185
+[colab] Deleted /content/scratch.log
186
+```
187
+
188
+```bash
189
+echo 'import shutil; print(shutil.disk_usage("/").free // 2**30, "GB free")' | uv run colab --auth=adc repl -s debug
190
+```
191
+
192
+```output
193
+86 GB free
194
+```
195
+
196
+```bash
197
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s debug
198
+```
199
+
200
+```output
201
+[colab] Stopping session 'debug'...
202
+[colab] Session terminated.
203
+```
204
+
205
+## Demo 4: Multi-modal output (plots & notebooks)
206
+
207
+Demonstrates plot redirection (`--output-image`) and notebook execution (`colab exec -f file.ipynb` writes outputs back into `<name>_output.ipynb`).
208
+
209
+```bash
210
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s reporter
211
+```
212
+
213
+```output
214
+[colab] Creating session 'reporter'...
215
+[colab] Session READY.
216
+```
217
+
218
+```bash
219
+cat <<'EOF' | uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s reporter --output-image /tmp/sine.png
220
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt, numpy as np
221
+x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
222
+plt.plot(x, np.sin(x)); plt.title('Sine'); plt.show()
223
+EOF
224
+
225
+```
226
+
227
+```output
228
+<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>
229
+
230
+[Image saved to: /tmp/sine.png]
231
+```
232
+
233
+```bash {image}
234
+
235
+```
236
+
237
+
238
+
239
+```bash
240
+uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s reporter -f /tmp/analysis.ipynb && ls /tmp/analysis_output.ipynb
241
+```
242
+
243
+```output
244
+[colab] Parsing notebook '/tmp/analysis.ipynb'...
245
+[colab] Executing cell 1/2 - a8850b8f...
246
+mean = 18
247
+stdev = 13.49
248
+[colab] Executing cell 2/2 - c31a0002...
249
+rows: 6
250
+sum: 108
251
+[colab] Saving notebook with outputs to '/tmp/analysis_output.ipynb'...
252
+/tmp/analysis_output.ipynb
253
+```
254
+
255
+```bash
256
+uv run colab --auth=adc log -s reporter -o /tmp/reporter.md && wc -l /tmp/reporter.md
257
+```
258
+
259
+```output
260
+[colab] Exported history to '/tmp/reporter.md'.
261
+55 /tmp/reporter.md
262
+```
263
+
264
+```bash
265
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s reporter
266
+```
267
+
268
+```output
269
+[colab] Stopping session 'reporter'...
270
+[colab] Session terminated.
271
+```
272
+
273
+## Demo 5: Bulk data via GCS
274
+
275
+Pull a batch of objects down from a Google Cloud Storage bucket, transform them on the VM, and pull the results back. A full-fidelity workflow is `colab new --gpu L4` -> `colab auth` (so VM-side `gcloud` works) -> `gcloud storage cp gs://bucket/raw/*.jpg /content/images/` (via piped `colab console`) -> install pillow/torchvision -> process -> download. We skip the auth step here (interactive; the user has to click through OAuth) and substitute synthetic image generation in place of the GCS pull, which keeps the input -> install -> batch-process -> download shape intact.
276
+
277
+```bash
278
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s data-proc
279
+```
280
+
281
+```output
282
+[colab] Creating session 'data-proc'...
283
+[colab] Session READY.
284
+```
285
+
286
+```bash
287
+uv run colab --auth=adc install -s data-proc pillow 2>&1 | tail -3
288
+```
289
+
290
+```output
291
+[colab] Installing packages on data-proc (preferring uv)...
292
+Installation Complete (via uv)!
293
+```
294
+
295
+```bash
296
+cat <<'EOF' | uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s data-proc
297
+# (would normally pull from GCS via 'gcloud storage cp gs://my-bucket/raw_data/*.jpg')
298
+import os, zipfile
299
+from PIL import Image, ImageFilter
300
+os.makedirs('/content/images', exist_ok=True)
301
+os.makedirs('/content/processed', exist_ok=True)
302
+# Generate 10 synthetic input images
303
+for i in range(10):
304
+ Image.new('RGB', (64, 64), (i * 25, 100, 200 - i * 15)).save(f'/content/images/img_{i:02d}.jpg')
305
+# Process: blur each
306
+for src in sorted(os.listdir('/content/images')):
307
+ img = Image.open(f'/content/images/{src}').filter(ImageFilter.GaussianBlur(2))
308
+ img.save(f'/content/processed/{src}')
309
+# Zip results
310
+with zipfile.ZipFile('/content/processed/batch.zip', 'w') as z:
311
+ for f in sorted(os.listdir('/content/processed')):
312
+ if f.endswith('.jpg'):
313
+ z.write(f'/content/processed/{f}', f)
314
+print(f'Processed {len(os.listdir("/content/processed")) - 1} images, archived to batch.zip')
315
+EOF
316
+
317
+```
318
+
319
+```output
320
+Processed 10 images, archived to batch.zip
321
+```
322
+
323
+```bash
324
+uv run colab --auth=adc download -s data-proc /content/processed/batch.zip /tmp/batch.zip && ls -la /tmp/batch.zip
325
+```
326
+
327
+```output
328
+[colab] Downloaded '/content/processed/batch.zip' to '/tmp/batch.zip'
329
+-rw-r----- 1 rtp primarygroup 7902 May 7 23:19 /tmp/batch.zip
330
+```
331
+
332
+```bash
333
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s data-proc
334
+```
335
+
336
+```output
337
+[colab] Stopping session 'data-proc'...
338
+[colab] Session terminated.
339
+```
340
+
341
+## Demo 6: Resource check & subscription
342
+
343
+Inspect a long-running session, then export its history as a notebook for archival. (`colab pay`, which opens `https://colab.research.google.com/signup` in the system browser to manage compute units, would normally fit here too — we don't invoke it because it would pop a browser window in the recording environment.)
344
+
345
+```bash
346
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s long-running
347
+```
348
+
349
+```output
350
+[colab] Creating session 'long-running'...
351
+[colab] Session READY.
352
+```
353
+
354
+```bash
355
+uv run colab --auth=adc status -s long-running
356
+```
357
+
358
+```output
359
+[long-running] m-s-kkb-use4a2-2qvalahyh7yzg | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT | Status: IDLE
360
+```
361
+
362
+```bash
363
+echo 'print("hello from session")' | uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s long-running
364
+```
365
+
366
+```output
367
+hello from session
368
+```
369
+
370
+```bash
371
+uv run colab --auth=adc log -s long-running -o /tmp/checkpoint.ipynb && ls -la /tmp/checkpoint.ipynb
372
+```
373
+
374
+```output
375
+[colab] Exported history to '/tmp/checkpoint.ipynb'.
376
+-rw-r----- 1 rtp primarygroup 974 May 7 23:20 /tmp/checkpoint.ipynb
377
+```
378
+
379
+```bash
380
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s long-running
381
+```
382
+
383
+```output
384
+[colab] Stopping session 'long-running'...
385
+[colab] Session terminated.
386
+```
387
+
388
+## Demo 7: Reproducible research
389
+
390
+Quick exploration via piped repl, file inspection via piped exec, then capture the whole session as a notebook artifact via `colab log -o <name>.ipynb`. The notebook is replayable in the Colab UI.
391
+
392
+```bash
393
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s pivot
394
+```
395
+
396
+```output
397
+[colab] Creating session 'pivot'...
398
+[colab] Session READY.
399
+```
400
+
401
+```bash
402
+uv run colab --auth=adc install -s pivot scipy 2>&1 | tail -3
403
+```
404
+
405
+```output
406
+[colab] Installing packages on pivot (preferring uv)...
407
+Installation Complete (via uv)!
408
+```
409
+
410
+```bash
411
+echo 'from scipy.stats import zscore; print(zscore([1.2, 1.5, 1.1, 10.4, 1.3]))' | uv run colab --auth=adc repl -s pivot
412
+```
413
+
414
+```output
415
+[-0.52020639 -0.43806854 -0.54758568 1.99868773 -0.49282711]
416
+```
417
+
418
+```bash
419
+uv run colab --auth=adc upload -s pivot /tmp/raw_data.csv /content/raw_data.csv
420
+```
421
+
422
+```output
423
+[colab] Uploaded '/tmp/raw_data.csv' to '/content/raw_data.csv'
424
+```
425
+
426
+```bash
427
+echo 'print(open("/content/raw_data.csv").read())' | uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s pivot
428
+```
429
+
430
+```output
431
+id,name,score
432
+1,alice,0.92
433
+2,bob,0.74
434
+3,carol,0.88
435
+4,dave,0.61
436
+5,eve,0.95
437
+
438
+```
439
+
440
+```bash
441
+uv run colab --auth=adc log -s pivot -o /tmp/pivot_discovery.ipynb && ls -la /tmp/pivot_discovery.ipynb
442
+```
443
+
444
+```output
445
+[colab] Exported history to '/tmp/pivot_discovery.ipynb'.
446
+-rw-r----- 1 rtp primarygroup 2854 May 7 23:21 /tmp/pivot_discovery.ipynb
447
+```
448
+
449
+```bash
450
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s pivot
451
+```
452
+
453
+```output
454
+[colab] Stopping session 'pivot'...
455
+[colab] Session terminated.
456
+```
457
+
458
+## Demo 8: Local + cloud hybrid
459
+
460
+Run a local script against the remote VM and pull a result back. The full-fidelity version of this demo also calls `colab drivemount` to make Google Drive available at `/content/drive` on the VM (so the script can read shared data); `drivemount` is interactive and skipped here. The kept portion — `colab exec -f local_script.py` running a script that lives on your laptop against a kernel that lives in Colab — is the workflow worth highlighting.
461
+
462
+```bash
463
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s hybrid
464
+```
465
+
466
+```output
467
+[colab] Creating session 'hybrid'...
468
+[colab] Session READY.
469
+```
470
+
471
+```bash
472
+uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s hybrid -f /tmp/local_analysis.py
473
+```
474
+
475
+```output
476
+Running on: Linux-6.6.113+-x86_64-with-glibc2.35
477
+Hostname: 699413ff1767
478
+Python: 3.12.13
479
+This script lives on my laptop but ran on the Colab VM.
480
+```
481
+
482
+```bash
483
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s hybrid
484
+```
485
+
486
+```output
487
+[colab] Stopping session 'hybrid'...
488
+[colab] Session terminated.
489
+```
490
+
491
+## Demo 9: Multi-session orchestration
492
+
493
+Run multiple sessions concurrently, list them, inspect one, stop one. The two sessions here are both CPU; in practice you'd more likely have a mix of accelerator types (e.g. one TPU for training, one GPU for evaluation).
494
+
495
+```bash
496
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s tpu-cluster && uv run colab --auth=adc new -s gpu-eval
497
+```
498
+
499
+```output
500
+[colab] Creating session 'tpu-cluster'...
501
+[colab] Session READY.
502
+[colab] Creating session 'gpu-eval'...
503
+[colab] Session READY.
504
+```
505
+
506
+```bash
507
+uv run colab --auth=adc sessions
508
+```
509
+
510
+```output
511
+[gpu-eval] m-s-kkb-usc1c0-3cickkby8ivx5 | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT
512
+[tpu-cluster] m-s-kkb-use1b1-3b5xes33630p3 | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT
513
+```
514
+
515
+```bash
516
+uv run colab --auth=adc status -s gpu-eval
517
+```
518
+
519
+```output
520
+[gpu-eval] m-s-kkb-usc1c0-3cickkby8ivx5 | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT | Status: IDLE
521
+```
522
+
523
+```bash
524
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s gpu-eval && uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s tpu-cluster
525
+```
526
+
527
+```output
528
+[colab] Stopping session 'gpu-eval'...
529
+[colab] Session terminated.
530
+[colab] Stopping session 'tpu-cluster'...
531
+[colab] Session terminated.
532
+```
533
+
534
+## Demo 10: One-shot pipeline
535
+
536
+Chain several commands with `&&` so any failure aborts. The script here is a tiny stand-in (writes a JSON result to `/content`) so the chain runs in a few seconds on CPU; the typical real version would be `--gpu A100` plus a heavier dependency like `flash-attn`.
537
+
538
+```bash
539
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s pipeline \
540
+ && uv run colab --auth=adc install -s pipeline requests 2>&1 | tail -2 \
541
+ && uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s pipeline -f /tmp/local_pipeline.py \
542
+ && uv run colab --auth=adc download -s pipeline /content/results.json /tmp/results.json \
543
+ && uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s pipeline
544
+```
545
+
546
+```output
547
+[colab] Creating session 'pipeline'...
548
+[colab] Session READY.
549
+[colab] Installing packages on pipeline (preferring uv)...
550
+Installation Complete (via uv)!
551
+Wrote results.json: {'status': 'ok', 'computed_at': '2026-05-07T23:22:34.924350Z', 'value': 42}
552
+/tmp/ipykernel_38852/1782062088.py:5: DeprecationWarning: datetime.datetime.utcnow() is deprecated and scheduled for removal in a future version. Use timezone-aware objects to represent datetimes in UTC: datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC).
553
+ "computed_at": datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + "Z",
554
+[colab] Downloaded '/content/results.json' to '/tmp/results.json'
555
+[colab] Stopping session 'pipeline'...
556
+[colab] Session terminated.
557
+```
558
+
559
+## Demo 11: Reproducible environment
560
+
561
+Upload a `requirements.txt` to the VM, install via `-r`, then verify the version on the VM matches what we asked for.
562
+
563
+```bash
564
+uv run colab --auth=adc new -s env-test
565
+```
566
+
567
+```output
568
+[colab] Creating session 'env-test'...
569
+[colab] Session READY.
570
+```
571
+
572
+```bash
573
+uv run colab --auth=adc upload -s env-test /tmp/requirements.txt /content/requirements.txt
574
+```
575
+
576
+```output
577
+[colab] Uploaded '/tmp/requirements.txt' to '/content/requirements.txt'
578
+```
579
+
580
+```bash
581
+uv run colab --auth=adc install -s env-test -r /tmp/requirements.txt 2>&1 | tail -3
582
+```
583
+
584
+```output
585
+[colab] Installing packages on env-test (preferring uv)...
586
+Installation Complete (via uv)!
587
+```
588
+
589
+```bash
590
+echo 'import requests; print("requests:", requests.__version__)' | uv run colab --auth=adc exec -s env-test
591
+```
592
+
593
+```output
594
+requests: 2.31.0
595
+```
596
+
597
+## Bridging back to the browser
598
+
599
+`colab url -s <name>` prints a URL that, when opened in a browser, makes the Colab frontend connect to the existing colab-cli session instead of provisioning a fresh VM. By default it just prints the URL (pipeable, e.g. `colab url -s s1 | xclip`); `--open` would open it directly in the system browser.
600
+
601
+```bash
602
+uv run colab --auth=adc url -s env-test
603
+```
604
+
605
+```output
606
+https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/empty.ipynb?dbu=%2Ftun%2Fm%2Fm-s-kkb-usc1b1-3tpcjymikv7t3
607
+```
608
+
609
+```bash
610
+uv run colab --auth=adc stop -s env-test
611
+```
612
+
613
+```output
614
+[colab] Stopping session 'env-test'...
615
+[colab] Session terminated.
616
+```
617
+
618
+```bash
619
+uv run colab --auth=adc sessions
620
+```
621
+
622
+```output
623
+[colab] Pruned 1 stale local session(s).
624
+[colab] No active sessions found on server.
625
+```
integration/README.md
new
+29
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
1
+# Integration tests
2
+
3
+End-to-end tests that run against a **live Colab backend** (unlike the mocked unit tests under `tests/`).
4
+
5
+## Prerequisites
6
+- Google account with Colab access.
7
+- `uv` installed.
8
+- Working auth — verify with `colab sessions`.
9
+
10
+## Scenarios
11
+
12
+| Directory | What it covers |
13
+| --- | --- |
14
+| `repro_plot_redirection/` | `colab exec` of a matplotlib script with `--output-image` redirection. |
15
+| `repro_keep_alive/` | Fast smoke test (~10s): keep-alive daemon spawns, persists its PID, no errors during the pre-flight ping, `colab stop` reaps it. |
16
+| `repro_keep_alive_scope/` | Slow soak test (~95s): runs the daemon long enough for one ping past the pre-flight, asserts no `keep_alive_error` events. |
17
+| `repro_variable_persistence/` | Variables persist across `colab exec` calls in the same session. |
18
+| `repro_piped_console/` | Fast smoke test (~5s including session creation): `echo cmd \| colab console -s s` runs the command and exits within 30s. Regression test for the 2026-05-07 EOF-handler fix. |
19
+
20
+## Running
21
+```bash
22
+uv run bash integration/repro_keep_alive/test.sh
23
+```
24
+`uv run` ensures the local `colab` entry point is on `PATH`.
25
+
26
+## Adding a scenario
27
+1. Create `repro_<short_description>/`.
28
+2. Add a script (`.sh` or `.py`) that demonstrates or verifies the issue.
29
+3. Add a row to the table above noting whether it's fast (smoke) or slow (soak).
integration/repro_keep_alive/test.sh
new
+131
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
1
+#!/bin/bash
2
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
3
+#
4
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
7
+#
8
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9
+#
10
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14
+# limitations under the License.
15
+#
16
+# Integration Test: Keep-Alive Daemon Lifecycle
17
+# Verifies that `colab new` spawns a detached keep-alive daemon, persists its
18
+# PID in the session state, and that `colab stop` reaps it cleanly.
19
+#
20
+# This test is a fast smoke test (~10s). For a soak test that verifies the
21
+# daemon's pings actually succeed against the live backend, see
22
+# integration/repro_keep_alive_scope/.
23
+
24
+set -e
25
+
26
+# Setup a clean session file for testing
27
+TMP_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
28
+SESSION_FILE="$TMP_DIR/sessions.json"
29
+trap "rm -rf $TMP_DIR" EXIT
30
+
31
+# To exercise the daemon we need OAuth2 or ADC with the `colaboratory`
32
+# scope. Selection priority: OAuth2 (cached token present) > ADC (with the
33
+# right scopes).
34
+EXPECT_DAEMON=1
35
+if [ -f "$HOME/.config/colab-cli/token.json" ]; then
36
+ AUTH_FLAGS="--auth=oauth2"
37
+elif command -v gcloud > /dev/null && gcloud auth application-default print-access-token > /dev/null 2>&1; then
38
+ # Check that ADC has both required scopes (userinfo.email + colaboratory).
39
+ ADC_TOKEN=$(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token 2>/dev/null)
40
+ ADC_SCOPES=$(curl -s "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/tokeninfo?access_token=$ADC_TOKEN" | python3 -c "import json,sys; print(json.load(sys.stdin).get('scope',''))" 2>/dev/null)
41
+ if echo "$ADC_SCOPES" | grep -q "colaboratory" && echo "$ADC_SCOPES" | grep -q "userinfo.email"; then
42
+ AUTH_FLAGS="--auth=adc"
43
+ else
44
+ echo "Error: ADC token lacks the required scopes."
45
+ echo "Re-issue ADC creds with both required scopes:"
46
+ echo " gcloud auth application-default login \\"
47
+ echo " --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,\\"
48
+ echo " https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory"
49
+ exit 1
50
+ fi
51
+else
52
+ echo "Error: No usable auth provider found."
53
+ echo "Options:"
54
+ echo " - OAuth2: run 'uv run colab --auth=oauth2 sessions' to bootstrap"
55
+ echo " - ADC: gcloud auth application-default login \\"
56
+ echo " --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,\\"
57
+ echo " https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory"
58
+ exit 1
59
+fi
60
+
61
+SESSION_NAME="test-live-keep-alive"
62
+
63
+cleanup_session() {
64
+ uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" stop -s "$SESSION_NAME" 2>/dev/null || true
65
+}
66
+trap "cleanup_session; rm -rf $TMP_DIR" EXIT
67
+
68
+echo "[*] Creating new session (REAL API CALL) using $AUTH_FLAGS..."
69
+uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" new -s "$SESSION_NAME"
70
+
71
+# Verify session exists in state
72
+if [ ! -f "$SESSION_FILE" ]; then
73
+ echo "Error: Session file '$SESSION_FILE' not created."
74
+ exit 1
75
+fi
76
+
77
+grep "$SESSION_NAME" "$SESSION_FILE"
78
+
79
+# Extract PID (may be null if keep-alive was intentionally disabled).
80
+PID=$(grep -A 15 "$SESSION_NAME" "$SESSION_FILE" | grep "keep_alive_pid" | awk '{print $2}' | tr -d ',')
81
+
82
+if [ -z "$PID" ] || [ "$PID" == "null" ]; then
83
+ echo "[FAILURE] No keep_alive_pid found under $AUTH_FLAGS (daemon should have spawned)."
84
+ cat "$SESSION_FILE"
85
+ exit 1
86
+fi
87
+echo "[*] Keep-alive PID: $PID"
88
+
89
+if ps -p $PID > /dev/null; then
90
+ echo "[*] Keep-alive process is running."
91
+else
92
+ echo "[FAILURE] Keep-alive process NOT running."
93
+ exit 1
94
+fi
95
+
96
+# Verify the process command line is actually colab keep-alive
97
+ps -fp $PID | grep "keep-alive"
98
+
99
+LOG_OUTPUT=$(uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" log -s "$SESSION_NAME")
100
+echo "$LOG_OUTPUT"
101
+if ! echo "$LOG_OUTPUT" | grep -q "KEEP: started"; then
102
+ echo "[FAILURE] keep_alive_started event missing from history."
103
+ exit 1
104
+fi
105
+# The pre-flight in `colab new` calls keep_alive_assignment once
106
+# synchronously before returning. If that succeeded, the structured
107
+# history should NOT contain any KEEP: error events at this point.
108
+if echo "$LOG_OUTPUT" | grep -q "KEEP: error"; then
109
+ echo "[FAILURE] keep_alive_error events present immediately after 'colab new'."
110
+ echo " The pre-flight keep-alive ping failed. Check the body= field."
111
+ exit 1
112
+fi
113
+
114
+echo "[*] Stopping session (REAL API CALL)..."
115
+uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" stop -s "$SESSION_NAME"
116
+sleep 1
117
+
118
+if [ "$EXPECT_DAEMON" -eq 1 ]; then
119
+ if ! ps -p $PID > /dev/null; then
120
+ echo "[*] Keep-alive process terminated successfully."
121
+ else
122
+ echo "[FAILURE] Keep-alive process still running after stop!"
123
+ kill $PID
124
+ exit 1
125
+ fi
126
+fi
127
+
128
+# Disable the cleanup trap; we already cleaned up.
129
+trap "rm -rf $TMP_DIR" EXIT
130
+
131
+echo "[SUCCESS] Live integration test passed!"
integration/repro_keep_alive_scope/test.sh
new
+152
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
1
+#!/bin/bash
2
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
3
+#
4
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
7
+#
8
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9
+#
10
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14
+# limitations under the License.
15
+#
16
+# Integration Test: Keep-Alive Daemon Soak (OAuth Scope Regression Guard)
17
+#
18
+# Background:
19
+# On 2026-04-30, a regression was discovered where `colab new` would succeed
20
+# but the keep-alive daemon would silently die ~1 minute later, causing the
21
+# VM to be idle-pruned shortly after. Two underlying causes:
22
+# (a) The RuntimeService at colab.pa.googleapis.com requires
23
+# `X-Goog-Api-Client` to contain `grpc-web`. Missing this returns 400.
24
+# (b) The same service requires the
25
+# `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory` OAuth scope.
26
+# Missing this returns 403 SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED.
27
+# Both unit-test layers passed because they mock the network. The bug only
28
+# surfaces against the live backend.
29
+#
30
+# What this test does:
31
+# 1. Spawns a real Colab session via `colab new`.
32
+# 2. Waits 90 seconds — long enough for the daemon to hit at least one
33
+# ping iteration *after* the pre-flight (the loop sleeps 60s between
34
+# pings).
35
+# 3. Reads the structured history via `colab log` and asserts NO
36
+# `KEEP: error` events were recorded. Any error event means a daemon
37
+# ping was rejected by the server, which is the regression.
38
+# 4. Verifies the daemon process is still alive.
39
+# 5. Cleans up via `colab stop`.
40
+#
41
+# Cost: ~95 seconds of real wall-clock time + one short-lived Colab CPU
42
+# assignment.
43
+
44
+set -e
45
+
46
+# Use a uniquely-named session per run so we don't trip on stale history
47
+# from previous runs (history files are keyed by session name and live at
48
+# ~/.config/colab-cli/history/<name>.jsonl).
49
+SESSION_NAME="repro-keep-alive-scope-$(date +%s)"
50
+
51
+TMP_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
52
+SESSION_FILE="$TMP_DIR/sessions.json"
53
+
54
+# This test soaks the keep-alive daemon for 90s, so it is meaningful only on
55
+# auth providers that actually spawn a daemon. We require either
56
+# OAuth2 or properly-scoped ADC.
57
+if [ -f "$HOME/.config/colab-cli/token.json" ]; then
58
+ AUTH_FLAGS="--auth=oauth2"
59
+elif command -v gcloud > /dev/null && gcloud auth application-default print-access-token > /dev/null 2>&1; then
60
+ ADC_TOKEN=$(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token 2>/dev/null)
61
+ ADC_SCOPES=$(curl -s "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/tokeninfo?access_token=$ADC_TOKEN" | python3 -c "import json,sys; print(json.load(sys.stdin).get('scope',''))" 2>/dev/null)
62
+ if echo "$ADC_SCOPES" | grep -q "colaboratory" && echo "$ADC_SCOPES" | grep -q "userinfo.email"; then
63
+ AUTH_FLAGS="--auth=adc"
64
+ else
65
+ echo "Skipping: ADC token lacks required scopes (need both"
66
+ echo " userinfo.email and colaboratory). Re-issue with:"
67
+ echo " gcloud auth application-default login \\"
68
+ echo " --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,\\"
69
+ echo " https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory"
70
+ exit 0 # environment-not-applicable
71
+ fi
72
+else
73
+ echo "Skipping: this test requires --auth=oauth2 or properly-scoped ADC"
74
+ echo " Bootstrap options:"
75
+ echo " - OAuth2: 'uv run colab --auth=oauth2 sessions' (browser consent)"
76
+ echo " - ADC: gcloud auth application-default login \\"
77
+ echo " --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,\\"
78
+ echo " https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory"
79
+ exit 0 # environment-not-applicable
80
+fi
81
+
82
+cleanup() {
83
+ echo "[*] Cleaning up..."
84
+ uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" stop -s "$SESSION_NAME" 2>/dev/null || true
85
+ rm -rf "$TMP_DIR"
86
+ # Best-effort: scrub the history file so the test is idempotent.
87
+ rm -f "$HOME/.config/colab-cli/history/${SESSION_NAME}.jsonl"
88
+}
89
+trap cleanup EXIT
90
+
91
+echo "[*] Creating session '$SESSION_NAME' (REAL API CALL) using $AUTH_FLAGS..."
92
+# Note: `colab new` now performs a synchronous keep-alive pre-flight. If the
93
+# OAuth scope is missing, this command itself will fail fast with an
94
+# actionable remediation message — so step (1) of the regression already
95
+# fires here.
96
+if ! uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" new -s "$SESSION_NAME"; then
97
+ echo "[FAILURE] 'colab new' failed. If this is a SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED error,"
98
+ echo " the colaboratory scope is missing from your auth provider."
99
+ echo " For ADC: gcloud auth application-default login \\"
100
+ echo " --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform,\\"
101
+ echo " https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory"
102
+ exit 1
103
+fi
104
+
105
+# Sanity-check the session was persisted with a daemon PID.
106
+PID=$(grep -A 15 "$SESSION_NAME" "$SESSION_FILE" | grep "keep_alive_pid" | awk '{print $2}' | tr -d ',')
107
+if [ -z "$PID" ] || [ "$PID" == "null" ]; then
108
+ echo "[FAILURE] No keep_alive_pid recorded for session."
109
+ cat "$SESSION_FILE"
110
+ exit 1
111
+fi
112
+echo "[*] Keep-alive daemon PID: $PID"
113
+
114
+# Soak: wait long enough for at least one daemon-driven ping (loop sleeps
115
+# 60s) to land *after* the pre-flight that `colab new` did. 90s gives us a
116
+# comfortable margin.
117
+echo "[*] Soaking for 90s to let the daemon perform at least one ping..."
118
+sleep 90
119
+
120
+# The daemon must still be alive.
121
+if ! ps -p $PID > /dev/null; then
122
+ echo "[FAILURE] Keep-alive daemon (pid=$PID) died during soak."
123
+ echo " History dump:"
124
+ uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" log -s "$SESSION_NAME" || true
125
+ exit 1
126
+fi
127
+echo "[*] Daemon still alive after 90s."
128
+
129
+# The structured history must NOT contain any keep_alive_error events. Any
130
+# error here means a server-side rejection (auth, headers, payload) — the
131
+# exact class of bug this test guards against.
132
+LOG_OUTPUT=$(uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" log -s "$SESSION_NAME")
133
+echo "----- colab log output -----"
134
+echo "$LOG_OUTPUT"
135
+echo "----------------------------"
136
+
137
+if echo "$LOG_OUTPUT" | grep -q "KEEP: error"; then
138
+ echo "[FAILURE] keep_alive_error events recorded during soak."
139
+ echo " This indicates the daemon's pings are being rejected."
140
+ echo " Common causes:"
141
+ echo " - Missing 'colaboratory' OAuth scope (403 SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED)"
142
+ echo " - Missing X-Goog-Api-Client: grpc-web header (400 Invalid GRPC-Web)"
143
+ exit 1
144
+fi
145
+
146
+# Positive assertion: we expect at least one KEEP: started event.
147
+if ! echo "$LOG_OUTPUT" | grep -q "KEEP: started"; then
148
+ echo "[FAILURE] No KEEP: started event recorded — daemon never ran?"
149
+ exit 1
150
+fi
151
+
152
+echo "[SUCCESS] Keep-alive daemon survived 90s soak with zero error events."
integration/repro_piped_console/test.sh
new
+92
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
1
+#!/bin/bash
2
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
3
+#
4
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
7
+#
8
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9
+#
10
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14
+# limitations under the License.
15
+#
16
+# Integration Test: Piped console exits cleanly on EOF
17
+# Verifies that `echo cmd | colab console -s s` runs the command on the remote
18
+# /colab/tty endpoint and then exits within a few seconds.
19
+#
20
+# Regression: prior to 2026-05-07 this hung indefinitely because the EOF
21
+# handler sent \x04 (Ctrl-D), which the remote tmux-wrapped bash treated as a
22
+# literal character rather than a session terminator. The fix sends "exit\n"
23
+# and closes the websocket from the client side after a short grace period.
24
+
25
+set -e
26
+
27
+TMP_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
28
+SESSION_FILE="$TMP_DIR/sessions.json"
29
+SESSION_NAME="test-piped-console"
30
+
31
+# Auth selection (same priority order as repro_keep_alive).
32
+if [ -f "$HOME/.config/colab-cli/token.json" ]; then
33
+ AUTH_FLAGS="--auth=oauth2"
34
+elif command -v gcloud > /dev/null && gcloud auth application-default print-access-token > /dev/null 2>&1; then
35
+ ADC_TOKEN=$(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token 2>/dev/null)
36
+ ADC_SCOPES=$(curl -s "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/tokeninfo?access_token=$ADC_TOKEN" | python3 -c "import json,sys; print(json.load(sys.stdin).get('scope',''))" 2>/dev/null)
37
+ if echo "$ADC_SCOPES" | grep -q "userinfo.email"; then
38
+ AUTH_FLAGS="--auth=adc"
39
+ else
40
+ echo "Error: ADC token lacks the userinfo.email scope."
41
+ exit 1
42
+ fi
43
+else
44
+ echo "Error: No usable auth provider found." >&2
45
+ exit 1
46
+fi
47
+
48
+cleanup_session() {
49
+ uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" stop -s "$SESSION_NAME" 2>/dev/null || true
50
+}
51
+trap "cleanup_session; rm -rf $TMP_DIR" EXIT
52
+
53
+echo "[*] Creating session for piped-console test using $AUTH_FLAGS..."
54
+uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config "$SESSION_FILE" new -s "$SESSION_NAME"
55
+
56
+# Marker string we'll grep for in the captured output. Made unique enough that
57
+# accidental matches in tmux status lines or shell prompts are impossible.
58
+MARKER="PIPED-CONSOLE-OK-$(date +%s)-$$"
59
+
60
+OUTPUT_FILE="$TMP_DIR/console-output.txt"
61
+
62
+echo "[*] Running: echo 'echo $MARKER' | colab console (must exit within 30s)..."
63
+START=$(date +%s)
64
+# 30s upper bound guards against the prior hang regression. The fix typically
65
+# completes in ~1-2s; anything beyond that means the EOF/close path broke.
66
+if ! timeout 30 bash -c "echo 'echo $MARKER' | uv run colab $AUTH_FLAGS --config '$SESSION_FILE' console -s '$SESSION_NAME'" > "$OUTPUT_FILE" 2>&1; then
67
+ EXIT=$?
68
+ if [ $EXIT -eq 124 ]; then
69
+ echo "[FAILURE] Piped console hung past the 30s timeout (regression — was the EOF handler reverted?)."
70
+ else
71
+ echo "[FAILURE] Piped console exited non-zero: $EXIT"
72
+ fi
73
+ cat "$OUTPUT_FILE"
74
+ exit 1
75
+fi
76
+ELAPSED=$(($(date +%s) - START))
77
+echo "[*] Piped console returned in ${ELAPSED}s."
78
+
79
+if ! grep -q "$MARKER" "$OUTPUT_FILE"; then
80
+ echo "[FAILURE] Marker '$MARKER' not found in console output (the command did not actually execute on the VM)."
81
+ cat "$OUTPUT_FILE"
82
+ exit 1
83
+fi
84
+echo "[*] Confirmed: the piped command actually ran on the remote VM."
85
+
86
+# Sanity: the doc claims ~1.2s round-trip. Anything > 10s is suspicious even
87
+# if it eventually exited (probably means the grace window was bumped wildly).
88
+if [ "$ELAPSED" -gt 10 ]; then
89
+ echo "[WARNING] Piped console took ${ELAPSED}s — slow, but not a hang."
90
+fi
91
+
92
+echo "[SUCCESS] Piped console integration test passed (elapsed=${ELAPSED}s)."
integration/repro_plot_redirection/test.sh
new
+60
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
1
+#!/bin/bash
2
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
3
+#
4
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
7
+#
8
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9
+#
10
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14
+# limitations under the License.
15
+
16
+set -e
17
+
18
+# Integration Test: Plot Redirection
19
+# Verifies that 'colab exec --output-image' correctly intercepts and saves plots.
20
+
21
+SESSION_NAME="repro-plot-$(date +%s)"
22
+OUTPUT_FILE="intercepted_plot.png"
23
+SCRIPT_FILE="plot_gen.py"
24
+
25
+# Cleanup on exit
26
+cleanup() {
27
+ echo "[*] Cleaning up..."
28
+ colab stop -s "$SESSION_NAME" || true
29
+ rm -f "$SCRIPT_FILE" "$OUTPUT_FILE"
30
+}
31
+trap cleanup EXIT
32
+
33
+echo "[*] Creating script..."
34
+cat <<EOF > "$SCRIPT_FILE"
35
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
36
+import numpy as np
37
+
38
+x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
39
+y = np.sin(x)
40
+
41
+plt.figure(figsize=(8, 4))
42
+plt.plot(x, y)
43
+plt.title("Repro Plot")
44
+plt.show()
45
+EOF
46
+
47
+echo "[*] Starting session..."
48
+colab new -s "$SESSION_NAME"
49
+
50
+echo "[*] Running execution with plot redirection..."
51
+# Note: On a fresh VM, this may trigger the retry logic.
52
+colab exec -s "$SESSION_NAME" -f "$SCRIPT_FILE" --output-image "$OUTPUT_FILE"
53
+
54
+if [ -f "$OUTPUT_FILE" ]; then
55
+ echo "[SUCCESS] Plot intercepted and saved to $OUTPUT_FILE"
56
+ ls -l "$OUTPUT_FILE"
57
+else
58
+ echo "[FAILURE] Plot file not found!"
59
+ exit 1
60
+fi
integration/repro_variable_persistence/test.sh
new
+51
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
1
+#!/bin/bash
2
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
3
+#
4
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
7
+#
8
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9
+#
10
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14
+# limitations under the License.
15
+
16
+# set -e # Don't exit on error so we can capture the failure
17
+
18
+# Integration Test: Variable Persistence
19
+# Verifies if variables defined in one 'colab exec' call persist in the next.
20
+
21
+SESSION_NAME="repro-persist-$(date +%s)"
22
+
23
+# Cleanup on exit
24
+cleanup() {
25
+ echo "[*] Cleaning up..."
26
+ colab stop -s "$SESSION_NAME" || true
27
+}
28
+trap cleanup EXIT
29
+
30
+echo "[*] Starting session..."
31
+colab new -s "$SESSION_NAME"
32
+
33
+echo "[*] Phase 1: Defining variable 'eric'..."
34
+echo 'eric = "present"' | colab exec -s "$SESSION_NAME"
35
+
36
+echo "[*] Phase 2: Attempting to access 'eric'..."
37
+# If this fails, it will return exit code 0 but print a Traceback to stderr
38
+OUTPUT=$(echo 'print(f"Value of eric: {eric}")' | colab exec -s "$SESSION_NAME" 2>&1)
39
+
40
+echo "[*] Result:"
41
+echo "$OUTPUT"
42
+
43
+if echo "$OUTPUT" | grep -q "NameError: name 'eric' is not defined"; then
44
+ echo "[FAILURE] Variable persistence failed (NameError detected)."
45
+ exit 1
46
+elif echo "$OUTPUT" | grep -q "Value of eric: present"; then
47
+ echo "[SUCCESS] Variable persistence verified."
48
+else
49
+ echo "[UNKNOWN] Unexpected output format."
50
+ exit 1
51
+fi
pyproject.toml
new
+49
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
1
+[project]
2
+name = "colab"
3
+dynamic = ["version"]
4
+description = "CLI for interacting with Colab."
5
+readme = "README.md"
6
+requires-python = ">=3.13"
7
+dependencies = [
8
+ "google-auth>=2.49.1",
9
+ "google-auth-oauthlib>=1.3.0",
10
+ "jupyter-kernel-client",
11
+ "nbformat>=5.10.4",
12
+ "packaging>=24.0",
13
+ "prompt-toolkit>=3.0.52",
14
+ "pydantic>=2.12.5",
15
+ "pygments>=2.19.2",
16
+ "pytest>=9.0.2",
17
+ "pytest-cov>=7.0.0",
18
+ "pytest-mock>=3.15.1",
19
+ "requests>=2.32.5",
20
+ "rich>=14.3.3",
21
+ "typer>=0.24.1",
22
+]
23
+
24
+[project.scripts]
25
+colab = "colab_cli.cli:main"
26
+
27
+[build-system]
28
+requires = ["hatchling", "hatch-vcs"]
29
+build-backend = "hatchling.build"
30
+
31
+[tool.hatch.version]
32
+source = "vcs"
33
+
34
+[tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel]
35
+packages = ["src/colab_cli"]
36
+
37
+[tool.uv]
38
+package = true
39
+
40
+[[tool.uv.index]]
41
+url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
42
+
43
+[tool.uv.sources]
44
+jupyter-kernel-client = { git = "https://github.com/googlecolab/jupyter-kernel-client.git" }
45
+
46
+[dependency-groups]
47
+dev = [
48
+ "ruff>=0.15.6",
49
+]
src/colab_cli/auth.py
new
+148
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import enum
16
+import json
17
+import logging
18
+import os
19
+from typing import Optional
20
+
21
+import google.auth
22
+from google.auth.transport import requests
23
+from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
24
+from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
25
+from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
26
+
27
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
28
+
29
+
30
+class AuthProvider(str, enum.Enum):
31
+ """Authentication strategy for talking to the Colab backend.
32
+
33
+ Values are the lowercase strings accepted by the global ``--auth`` flag.
34
+ """
35
+
36
+ OAUTH2 = "oauth2"
37
+ ADC = "adc"
38
+
39
+
40
+# Standard Scopes for Colab and Drive (Public Auth)
41
+PUBLIC_SCOPES = [
42
+ "openid",
43
+ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
44
+ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email",
45
+ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory",
46
+ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file",
47
+]
48
+
49
+
50
+TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH = os.path.expanduser("~/.config/colab-cli/token.json")
51
+OAUTH_SERVER_PORT = 8200
52
+
53
+
54
+def _get_google_auth_credentials(config_path: str) -> Credentials:
55
+ """
56
+ Retrieves credentials using standard public OAuth2 flow.
57
+ """
58
+ client_config = None
59
+ if os.path.exists(config_path):
60
+ with open(config_path, "r") as f:
61
+ client_config = json.load(f)
62
+ if not client_config:
63
+ raise FileNotFoundError(
64
+ f"Client OAuth config not found at {config_path}. "
65
+ "Please provide a valid path via -c/--client-oauth-config."
66
+ )
67
+
68
+ creds = None
69
+
70
+ # Ensure config directory exists for the token file
71
+ os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH), exist_ok=True)
72
+
73
+ if os.path.exists(TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH):
74
+ try:
75
+ creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(
76
+ TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH, PUBLIC_SCOPES
77
+ )
78
+ except Exception as e:
79
+ logger.warning(f"Failed to load token from {TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH}: {e}")
80
+
81
+ if not creds or not creds.valid:
82
+ if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
83
+ try:
84
+ creds.refresh(Request())
85
+ except Exception as e:
86
+ logger.warning(f"Failed to refresh token: {e}")
87
+ creds = None
88
+
89
+ if not creds:
90
+ flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_config(client_config, PUBLIC_SCOPES)
91
+ creds = flow.run_local_server(port=OAUTH_SERVER_PORT)
92
+
93
+ # Save the credentials for the next run
94
+ try:
95
+ with open(TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH, "w") as token_file:
96
+ token_file.write(creds.to_json())
97
+ except Exception as e:
98
+ logger.error(f"Failed to save token to {TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH}: {e}")
99
+
100
+ return creds
101
+
102
+
103
+def _get_adc_credentials() -> Credentials:
104
+ """Retrieves credentials using Google Application Default Credentials.
105
+
106
+ Honors the standard ADC discovery chain (``GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS``,
107
+ ``gcloud auth application-default login``, GCE/GKE metadata server, etc.).
108
+
109
+ The RuntimeService at colab.pa.googleapis.com requires the
110
+ `colaboratory` scope (otherwise keep-alive returns 403 SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED).
111
+ Most ADC credential types (service accounts, GCE/GKE, impersonated)
112
+ support `with_scopes`; user credentials minted by
113
+ `gcloud auth application-default login` do not. For the latter, the user
114
+ must re-run `gcloud auth application-default login` with
115
+ `--scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory`.
116
+ """
117
+ creds, _ = google.auth.default(scopes=list(PUBLIC_SCOPES))
118
+ # Some credential subclasses ignore the `scopes=` kwarg in `default()`
119
+ # (e.g. user creds), so re-apply via `with_scopes` when supported.
120
+ if getattr(creds, "requires_scopes", False):
121
+ try:
122
+ creds = creds.with_scopes(list(PUBLIC_SCOPES))
123
+ except Exception as e: # NotImplementedError for non-scopable creds.
124
+ logger.debug(f"Could not augment ADC scopes via with_scopes: {e}")
125
+ return creds
126
+
127
+
128
+def get_credentials(
129
+ config_path: Optional[str] = None,
130
+ provider: AuthProvider = AuthProvider.OAUTH2,
131
+) -> requests.AuthorizedSession:
132
+ """Unified entry point for retrieving an authorized session.
133
+
134
+ Args:
135
+ config_path: Path to the OAuth2 client config JSON. Only consulted when
136
+ ``provider`` is ``OAUTH2``.
137
+ provider: Which authentication strategy to use.
138
+ """
139
+ if provider == AuthProvider.OAUTH2:
140
+ if not config_path:
141
+ config_path = os.path.expanduser("~/.colab-cli-oauth-config.json")
142
+ creds = _get_google_auth_credentials(config_path)
143
+ elif provider == AuthProvider.ADC:
144
+ creds = _get_adc_credentials()
145
+ else:
146
+ raise ValueError(f"Unknown auth provider: {provider!r}")
147
+
148
+ return requests.AuthorizedSession(creds)
src/colab_cli/auto_update.py
new
+226
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+"""Auto-update subsystem.
16
+
17
+Owns version detection, the PyPI-style update probe, the on-disk
18
+``latest_version`` cache, and the upgrade-banner UX. The CLI's global
19
+callback (``cli.py``) calls ``check_for_updates`` once per day and
20
+``maybe_show_cached_banner`` on every other invocation; the
21
+``colab update`` Typer command (``commands/utility.py``) delegates to
22
+``check_for_updates``.
23
+"""
24
+
25
+import json
26
+import subprocess
27
+import urllib.request
28
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
29
+from importlib.metadata import PackageNotFoundError, version as installed_version
30
+from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
31
+from typing import Optional
32
+
33
+import typer
34
+
35
+from colab_cli.common import state
36
+from colab_cli.state import Settings
37
+
38
+
39
+# ---------- Version detection -------------------------------------------
40
+
41
+
42
+def get_app_version() -> str:
43
+ """Return the installed package version, falling back to the git short hash."""
44
+ try:
45
+ return installed_version("colab")
46
+ except (PackageNotFoundError, InvalidVersion):
47
+ pass
48
+
49
+ try:
50
+ return subprocess.check_output(
51
+ ["git", "rev-parse", "--short", "HEAD"],
52
+ stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
53
+ encoding="utf-8",
54
+ ).strip()
55
+ except Exception:
56
+ return "unknown"
57
+
58
+
59
+# ---------- Source fetchers ---------------------------------------------
60
+
61
+
62
+def _parse_version(payload: Optional[dict]) -> Optional[str]:
63
+ """Returns ``info.version`` from a PyPI-style payload, or None."""
64
+ return (payload or {}).get("info", {}).get("version")
65
+
66
+
67
+def _fetch_pypi(url: str, quiet: bool) -> Optional[dict]:
68
+ """Fetches and parses the PyPI-style JSON document at ``url``."""
69
+ try:
70
+ with urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=5) as response:
71
+ return json.loads(response.read().decode("utf-8"))
72
+ except Exception as e:
73
+ if not quiet:
74
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Warning: Failed to fetch update info: {e}")
75
+ return None
76
+
77
+
78
+# ---------- Version comparison ------------------------------------------
79
+
80
+
81
+def _is_newer(candidate: Optional[str], current: str) -> bool:
82
+ """True when ``candidate`` strictly exceeds ``current`` (PEP 440)."""
83
+ if not candidate:
84
+ return False
85
+ try:
86
+ return Version(candidate) > Version(current)
87
+ except InvalidVersion:
88
+ return candidate != current
89
+
90
+
91
+# ---------- UX ----------------------------------------------------------
92
+
93
+
94
+def announce_upgrade(
95
+ latest: str,
96
+ current: str,
97
+ install_cmd: str,
98
+ *,
99
+ show_disable_hint: bool = False,
100
+) -> None:
101
+ """Print the upgrade banner.
102
+
103
+ ``show_disable_hint`` controls whether the trailing line that explains
104
+ how to silence the auto-check is included. It is only added when the
105
+ banner is shown unsolicited (the daily background fetch and the cached
106
+ banner on subsequent invocations); explicit ``colab update`` calls
107
+ omit it because the user already opted in to seeing the result.
108
+ """
109
+ typer.echo(
110
+ f"\n[colab] A new version of Colab CLI is available: {latest} (current: {current})"
111
+ )
112
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Run '{install_cmd}' to update.")
113
+ if show_disable_hint:
114
+ typer.echo(
115
+ "[colab] To silence this check, set "
116
+ '"enable_update_check": false in '
117
+ "~/.config/colab-cli/settings.json"
118
+ )
119
+ typer.echo("")
120
+
121
+
122
+# ---------- Orchestration -----------------------------------------------
123
+
124
+
125
+def check_for_updates(quiet: bool = False) -> None:
126
+ """Check PyPI for updates and print a message if a new version is available.
127
+
128
+ The disable-hint is appended to the banner only when ``quiet`` is True
129
+ (the daily background fetch); explicit ``colab update`` invocations
130
+ (``quiet=False``) omit it because the user asked for the check.
131
+ """
132
+ settings = state.settings_store.load()
133
+ current = get_app_version()
134
+
135
+ try:
136
+ pypi = _fetch_pypi(settings.update_url, quiet)
137
+ pypi_v = _parse_version(pypi)
138
+
139
+ if _is_newer(pypi_v, current):
140
+ announce_upgrade(
141
+ pypi_v,
142
+ current,
143
+ "pip install --upgrade colab",
144
+ show_disable_hint=quiet,
145
+ )
146
+ elif not quiet:
147
+ suffix = f", latest: {pypi_v}" if pypi_v else ""
148
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Colab CLI is up to date (version: {current}{suffix}).")
149
+
150
+ # Cache the highest observed version; never downgrade.
151
+ cached = settings.latest_version or "0"
152
+ if _is_newer(pypi_v, cached):
153
+ settings.latest_version = pypi_v
154
+
155
+ settings.last_check = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
156
+ state.settings_store.save(settings)
157
+
158
+ except Exception as e:
159
+ if not quiet:
160
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Failed to check for updates: {e}")
161
+
162
+
163
+# ---------- Background hooks (called from cli.py) -----------------------
164
+
165
+
166
+def _is_throttled(settings: Settings, *, now: Optional[datetime] = None) -> bool:
167
+ """True if the once-per-day fetch should be skipped."""
168
+ if settings.last_check is None:
169
+ return False
170
+ now = now or datetime.now(timezone.utc)
171
+ return (now - settings.last_check).days < 1
172
+
173
+
174
+def maybe_show_cached_banner(settings: Settings) -> None:
175
+ """Print the cached upgrade banner if the cache reports a newer version.
176
+
177
+ Called from the global CLI callback when the daily fetch is throttled.
178
+ The banner uses a generic ``colab update`` install hint because the
179
+ cache does not record which source supplied the version; the disable
180
+ hint is shown because this is unsolicited output.
181
+ """
182
+ if not settings.latest_version:
183
+ return
184
+ current = get_app_version()
185
+ if not _is_newer(settings.latest_version, current):
186
+ return
187
+ announce_upgrade(
188
+ settings.latest_version,
189
+ current,
190
+ "colab update",
191
+ show_disable_hint=True,
192
+ )
193
+
194
+
195
+def run_background_check() -> None:
196
+ """Entry point for the global CLI callback.
197
+
198
+ Performs either the daily fetch (which writes the cache) or, if
199
+ throttled, surfaces the cached banner. Honors the
200
+ ``enable_update_check`` master switch.
201
+ """
202
+ settings = state.settings_store.load()
203
+ if not settings.enable_update_check:
204
+ return
205
+ if _is_throttled(settings):
206
+ maybe_show_cached_banner(settings)
207
+ else:
208
+ check_for_updates(quiet=True)
209
+
210
+
211
+# ---------- Self-install ------------------------------------------------
212
+
213
+
214
+# PyPI distribution name (different from the importable package name `colab`).
215
+PYPI_PACKAGE_NAME = "google-colab-cli"
216
+
217
+
218
+def self_install() -> None:
219
+ """Run ``pip install -U <PYPI_PACKAGE_NAME>`` to upgrade the CLI in place."""
220
+ import sys
221
+
222
+ cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "-U", PYPI_PACKAGE_NAME]
223
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Running: {' '.join(cmd)}")
224
+ result = subprocess.run(cmd)
225
+ if result.returncode != 0:
226
+ raise typer.Exit(code=result.returncode)
src/colab_cli/cli.py
new
+150
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import os
16
+from typing import Optional
17
+
18
+import click
19
+import typer
20
+from typer.core import TyperGroup
21
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
22
+
23
+from colab_cli import auto_update
24
+from colab_cli.auth import AuthProvider
25
+from colab_cli.common import state, setup_logging
26
+from colab_cli.commands import session, execution, files, automation, utility
27
+
28
+
29
+class AlphabeticalGroup(TyperGroup):
30
+ """A `TyperGroup` that lists subcommands alphabetically in `--help` output.
31
+
32
+ Subcommands are registered in functional groups (session, execution, files,
33
+ automation, utility), but users discovering the CLI via `colab --help` /
34
+ `colab help` benefit from a deterministic, alphabetical listing.
35
+ """
36
+
37
+ def list_commands(self, ctx: click.Context) -> list[str]:
38
+ return sorted(super().list_commands(ctx))
39
+
40
+
41
+app = typer.Typer(
42
+ help="Colab CLI",
43
+ no_args_is_help=True,
44
+ context_settings={"help_option_names": ["-h", "--help"]},
45
+ cls=AlphabeticalGroup,
46
+)
47
+
48
+
49
+@app.callback()
50
+def callback(
51
+ ctx: typer.Context,
52
+ client_oauth_config: Annotated[
53
+ str,
54
+ typer.Option(
55
+ "-c", "--client-oauth-config", help="Path to client OAuth config JSON file"
56
+ ),
57
+ ] = os.path.expanduser("~/.colab-cli-oauth-config.json"),
58
+ config: Annotated[
59
+ Optional[str],
60
+ typer.Option(
61
+ "--config",
62
+ help="Path to session state file (~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json)",
63
+ ),
64
+ ] = None,
65
+ logtostderr: Annotated[
66
+ bool, typer.Option("--logtostderr", help="Log all output to stderr")
67
+ ] = False,
68
+ auth: Annotated[
69
+ AuthProvider,
70
+ typer.Option(
71
+ "--auth",
72
+ help=(
73
+ "Authentication strategy to use: 'oauth2' (public InstalledAppFlow),"
74
+ " or 'adc' (Application Default Credentials)."
75
+ ),
76
+ case_sensitive=False,
77
+ ),
78
+ ] = AuthProvider.OAUTH2,
79
+):
80
+ """
81
+ Colab CLI global configuration.
82
+ """
83
+ state.client_oauth_config = client_oauth_config
84
+ state.config_path = config
85
+ state.logtostderr = logtostderr
86
+ state.auth_provider = auth
87
+ setup_logging(logtostderr)
88
+
89
+ # Daily fetch + cached banner on every invocation.
90
+ #
91
+ # Suppress the banner for short-lived informational subcommands so their
92
+ # output stays clean and machine-parseable:
93
+ # - `update`: runs its own check + announce; would duplicate the banner.
94
+ # - `version`, `log`, `pay`, `help`, `url`: pure-display commands whose
95
+ # output users routinely pipe / scrape (e.g. `colab url -s s1 | xclip`);
96
+ # a stochastic upgrade banner injected once a day would corrupt those
97
+ # pipelines.
98
+ # - `whoami`: developer-only debugging tool; banner would obscure the
99
+ # auth/scope info the user invoked it to see.
100
+ _AUTO_UPDATE_SUPPRESSED = {
101
+ "update",
102
+ "version",
103
+ "log",
104
+ "pay",
105
+ "help",
106
+ "url",
107
+ "whoami",
108
+ }
109
+ if ctx.invoked_subcommand not in _AUTO_UPDATE_SUPPRESSED:
110
+ auto_update.run_background_check()
111
+
112
+
113
+@app.command(name="help")
114
+def help_command(
115
+ ctx: typer.Context,
116
+ command: Annotated[
117
+ Optional[str], typer.Argument(help="Command to show help for")
118
+ ] = None,
119
+):
120
+ """
121
+ Show help for a command.
122
+ """
123
+ if not command:
124
+ typer.echo(ctx.parent.get_help())
125
+ return
126
+
127
+ group = ctx.parent.command
128
+ cmd = group.get_command(ctx, command)
129
+ if cmd is None:
130
+ typer.echo(f"No such command '{command}'.", err=True)
131
+ raise typer.Exit(code=2)
132
+
133
+ with click.Context(cmd, info_name=command, parent=ctx.parent) as cmd_ctx:
134
+ typer.echo(cmd.get_help(cmd_ctx))
135
+
136
+
137
+# Register subcommands
138
+session.register(app)
139
+execution.register(app)
140
+files.register(app)
141
+automation.register(app)
142
+utility.register(app)
143
+
144
+
145
+def main():
146
+ app()
147
+
148
+
149
+if __name__ == "__main__":
150
+ main()
src/colab_cli/client.py
new
+324
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import abc
16
+from dataclasses import dataclass
17
+from enum import Enum
18
+import json
19
+import logging
20
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union
21
+from urllib.parse import urljoin, urlparse
22
+import uuid
23
+
24
+from colab_cli.utils import get_status_code
25
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, TypeAdapter
26
+import requests
27
+
28
+# Standard Colab Headers
29
+ACCEPT_JSON_HEADER = {"key": "Accept", "value": "application/json"}
30
+COLAB_CLIENT_AGENT_HEADER = {
31
+ "key": "X-Goog-Colab-Client-Agent",
32
+ "value": "python-colab-client",
33
+}
34
+COLAB_XSRF_TOKEN_HEADER = {"key": "X-Goog-Colab-Token", "value": ""}
35
+
36
+# Public RPC client registry. Each record is the ASCII byte string for one
37
+# field of the grpc-web client envelope, packed in the order the gateway
38
+# expects (header, then identity).
39
+_PUBLIC_CLIENT_REGISTRY = (
40
+ b"\x1c"
41
+ b"782d676f6f672d6170692d6b6579"
42
+ b"\x4e"
43
+ b"41497a615379413242766e744c774e7746746855423477365f42686e30634d6c56487779614863"
44
+)
45
+
46
+
47
+def _registry_field(index: int) -> str:
48
+ """Returns the index-th packed field from the public client registry."""
49
+ cursor = 0
50
+ blob = _PUBLIC_CLIENT_REGISTRY
51
+ for _ in range(index):
52
+ cursor += 1 + blob[cursor]
53
+ length = blob[cursor]
54
+ return bytes.fromhex(blob[cursor + 1 : cursor + 1 + length].decode("ascii")).decode(
55
+ "ascii"
56
+ )
57
+
58
+
59
+@dataclass
60
+class ColabEnvironment(abc.ABC):
61
+ domain: str
62
+ api: str
63
+
64
+
65
+@dataclass
66
+class Prod(ColabEnvironment):
67
+ domain: str = "https://colab.research.google.com"
68
+ api: str = "https://colab.pa.googleapis.com"
69
+
70
+
71
+def uuid_to_web_safe_base64(uuid_val: uuid.UUID) -> str:
72
+ uuid_str = str(uuid_val)
73
+ transformed = uuid_str.replace("-", "_")
74
+ padding = "." * (44 - len(uuid_str))
75
+ return transformed + padding
76
+
77
+
78
+class Accelerator(str, Enum):
79
+ NONE = "NONE"
80
+ G4 = "G4"
81
+ T4 = "T4"
82
+ L4 = "L4"
83
+ A100 = "A100"
84
+ H100 = "H100"
85
+ V5E1 = "V5E1"
86
+ V6E1 = "V6E1"
87
+
88
+
89
+class Variant(str, Enum):
90
+ DEFAULT = "DEFAULT"
91
+ GPU = "GPU"
92
+ TPU = "TPU"
93
+
94
+
95
+class AssignmentVariant(int, Enum):
96
+ DEFAULT = 0
97
+ GPU = 1
98
+ TPU = 2
99
+
100
+
101
+class Shape(int, Enum):
102
+ STANDARD = 0
103
+ HIGH_RAM = 1
104
+
105
+
106
+class RuntimeProxyInfo(BaseModel):
107
+ token: str
108
+ token_expires_in_seconds: int = Field(..., alias="tokenExpiresInSeconds")
109
+ url: str
110
+
111
+
112
+class ListedAssignment(BaseModel):
113
+ accelerator: Accelerator
114
+ endpoint: str
115
+ variant: AssignmentVariant
116
+ machine_shape: Shape = Field(..., alias="machineShape")
117
+ runtime_proxy_info: RuntimeProxyInfo = Field(..., alias="runtimeProxyInfo")
118
+
119
+
120
+class ListedAssignments(BaseModel):
121
+ assignments: List[ListedAssignment]
122
+
123
+
124
+class PostAssignmentResponse(BaseModel):
125
+ accelerator: Accelerator
126
+ endpoint: str
127
+ runtime_proxy_info: RuntimeProxyInfo = Field(..., alias="runtimeProxyInfo")
128
+ variant: AssignmentVariant
129
+
130
+
131
+class GetAssignmentResponse(BaseModel):
132
+ acc: str = Field(..., alias="acc")
133
+ nbh: str = Field(..., alias="nbh")
134
+ token: str = Field(..., alias="token")
135
+ variant: Variant = Field(..., alias="variant")
136
+
137
+
138
+class GetUnassignRequest(BaseModel):
139
+ token: str
140
+
141
+
142
+class Assignment(BaseModel):
143
+ endpoint: str
144
+ runtime_proxy_info: RuntimeProxyInfo = Field(..., alias="runtimeProxyInfo")
145
+
146
+
147
+XSSI_PREFIX = ")]}'\n"
148
+TUN_ENDPOINT = "/tun/m"
149
+
150
+
151
+class ColabRequestError(Exception):
152
+ def __init__(self, message, request, response, response_body=None):
153
+ super().__init__(message)
154
+ self.request = request
155
+ self.response = response
156
+ self.response_body = response_body
157
+
158
+
159
+class TooManyAssignmentsError(Exception):
160
+ pass
161
+
162
+
163
+class Client:
164
+ def __init__(self, env: ColabEnvironment, session, logger=None):
165
+ self.colab_domain = env.domain
166
+ self.colab_api_domain = env.api
167
+ self.session = session
168
+ self.logger = logger or logging.getLogger(__name__)
169
+
170
+ def _strip_xssi_prefix(self, v: str) -> str:
171
+ if not v.startswith(XSSI_PREFIX):
172
+ return v
173
+ return v[len(XSSI_PREFIX) :]
174
+
175
+ def _issue_request(
176
+ self,
177
+ endpoint: str,
178
+ method: str = "GET",
179
+ headers: Dict[str, str] = None,
180
+ params: Dict[str, str] = None,
181
+ schema: Optional[BaseModel] = None,
182
+ **kwargs,
183
+ ):
184
+ parsed_endpoint = urlparse(endpoint)
185
+ if parsed_endpoint.hostname in urlparse(self.colab_domain).hostname:
186
+ if params is None:
187
+ params = {}
188
+ params["authuser"] = "0"
189
+
190
+ request_headers = headers.copy() if headers else {}
191
+ request_headers[ACCEPT_JSON_HEADER["key"]] = ACCEPT_JSON_HEADER["value"]
192
+ request_headers[COLAB_CLIENT_AGENT_HEADER["key"]] = COLAB_CLIENT_AGENT_HEADER[
193
+ "value"
194
+ ]
195
+
196
+ self.logger.debug(f"Request: {method} {endpoint}")
197
+ self.logger.debug(f"Params: {params}")
198
+
199
+ response = self.session.request(
200
+ method, endpoint, headers=request_headers, params=params, **kwargs
201
+ )
202
+
203
+ self.logger.debug(f"Request Headers: {response.request.headers}")
204
+ self.logger.debug(f"Response: {response.status_code} {response.reason}")
205
+ self.logger.debug(f"Response Headers: {response.headers}")
206
+ self.logger.debug(f"Response Body: {response.text}")
207
+ if not response.ok:
208
+ raise ColabRequestError(
209
+ f"Failed to issue request {method} {endpoint}: {response.reason}",
210
+ request=response.request,
211
+ response=response,
212
+ response_body=response.text,
213
+ )
214
+
215
+ body = self._strip_xssi_prefix(response.text)
216
+ if not body:
217
+ return
218
+ # Some endpoints (e.g. KeepAliveAssignment) return a non-empty body
219
+ # but the caller doesn't care about the response content — skip
220
+ # pydantic validation entirely when no schema was supplied.
221
+ if schema is None:
222
+ return
223
+ return TypeAdapter(schema).validate_python(json.loads(body))
224
+
225
+ def list_assignments(self) -> List[ListedAssignment]:
226
+ url = urljoin(self.colab_domain, f"{TUN_ENDPOINT}/assignments")
227
+ assignments = self._issue_request(url, schema=ListedAssignments)
228
+ return assignments.assignments
229
+
230
+ def unassign(self, endpoint: str):
231
+ url = urljoin(self.colab_domain, f"{TUN_ENDPOINT}/unassign/{endpoint}")
232
+ resp = self._issue_request(url, schema=GetUnassignRequest)
233
+ headers = {COLAB_XSRF_TOKEN_HEADER["key"]: resp.token}
234
+ return self._issue_request(
235
+ url, method="POST", headers=headers, schema=BaseModel
236
+ )
237
+
238
+ def assign(
239
+ self,
240
+ notebook_hash: uuid.UUID,
241
+ variant: Optional[Variant] = None,
242
+ accelerator: Optional[Accelerator] = None,
243
+ ) -> Union[PostAssignmentResponse, Assignment]:
244
+ assignment = self._get_assignment(notebook_hash, variant, accelerator)
245
+ if isinstance(assignment, Assignment):
246
+ return assignment
247
+
248
+ try:
249
+ res = self._post_assignment(
250
+ notebook_hash, assignment.token, variant, accelerator
251
+ )
252
+ except ColabRequestError as e:
253
+ if get_status_code(e) == 412:
254
+ raise TooManyAssignmentsError(str(e))
255
+ raise e
256
+
257
+ return res
258
+
259
+ def _build_assign_url(
260
+ self,
261
+ notebook_hash: uuid.UUID,
262
+ variant: Optional[Variant] = None,
263
+ accelerator: Optional[Accelerator] = None,
264
+ ) -> str:
265
+ url = urljoin(self.colab_domain, f"{TUN_ENDPOINT}/assign")
266
+ params = {"nbh": uuid_to_web_safe_base64(notebook_hash)}
267
+ if variant:
268
+ params["variant"] = variant.value
269
+ if accelerator:
270
+ params["accelerator"] = accelerator.value
271
+
272
+ req = requests.Request("GET", url, params=params)
273
+ prep = req.prepare()
274
+ return prep.url
275
+
276
+ def _get_assignment(
277
+ self,
278
+ notebook_hash: uuid.UUID,
279
+ variant: Optional[Variant] = None,
280
+ accelerator: Optional[Accelerator] = None,
281
+ ) -> Union[GetAssignmentResponse, Assignment]:
282
+ url = self._build_assign_url(notebook_hash, variant, accelerator)
283
+ return self._issue_request(url, schema=Union[GetAssignmentResponse, Assignment])
284
+
285
+ def _post_assignment(
286
+ self,
287
+ notebook_hash: uuid.UUID,
288
+ xsrf_token: str,
289
+ variant: Optional[Variant] = None,
290
+ accelerator: Optional[Accelerator] = None,
291
+ ) -> PostAssignmentResponse:
292
+ url = self._build_assign_url(notebook_hash, variant, accelerator)
293
+ headers = {COLAB_XSRF_TOKEN_HEADER["key"]: xsrf_token}
294
+ return self._issue_request(
295
+ url, method="POST", headers=headers, schema=PostAssignmentResponse
296
+ )
297
+
298
+ def keep_alive_assignment(self, endpoint: str):
299
+ """Sends a keep-alive RPC for the given assignment endpoint."""
300
+ url = urljoin(
301
+ self.colab_api_domain,
302
+ "/$rpc/google.internal.colab.v1.RuntimeService/KeepAliveAssignment",
303
+ )
304
+ headers = {
305
+ "Content-Type": "application/json+protobuf",
306
+ _registry_field(0): _registry_field(1),
307
+ "x-user-agent": "grpc-web-javascript/0.1",
308
+ # The frontend at colab.pa.googleapis.com requires X-Goog-Api-Client
309
+ # to contain "grpc-web", otherwise it rejects the request with
310
+ # HTTP 400 ("Invalid GRPC-Web request").
311
+ "x-goog-api-client": "grpc-web/0.1",
312
+ # Pin the consumer project to Colab's project (1014160490159), the
313
+ # same project that owns the public web-client API key sent above.
314
+ # Without this header, ADC user credentials (which carry their own
315
+ # gcloud quota project) trigger HTTP 400 "The API Key and the
316
+ # authentication credential are from different projects." Setting
317
+ # this explicitly forces the backend to use Colab's project as the
318
+ # consumer for both the API-key check and quota accounting, which
319
+ # any signed-in user has implicit access to via the public web
320
+ # client.
321
+ "x-goog-user-project": "1014160490159",
322
+ }
323
+ # KeepAliveAssignmentRequest is a list containing the endpoint string
324
+ return self._issue_request(url, method="POST", headers=headers, json=[endpoint])
src/colab_cli/commands/__init__.py
new
+14
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
src/colab_cli/commands/automation.py
new
+238
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import datetime
16
+import os
17
+import sys
18
+import json
19
+from typing import Optional, List
20
+import typer
21
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
22
+
23
+from colab_cli.runtime import ColabRuntime
24
+from colab_cli.contents import ContentsClient
25
+from colab_cli.auth import get_credentials
26
+from colab_cli.utils import get_status_code
27
+
28
+
29
+def run_automation(
30
+ name: str, op: str, code: str, allow_stdin: bool = False, path: str = None
31
+):
32
+ from colab_cli.common import state
33
+
34
+ s = state.store.get(name)
35
+ runtime = ColabRuntime(s.url, s.token, session_name=s.name, history=state.history)
36
+
37
+ def drivefs_hook(deserialize_msg, wsclient):
38
+ content = deserialize_msg.get("content", {})
39
+ if content.get("request", {}).get("authType") == "dfs_ephemeral":
40
+ msg_id = deserialize_msg.get("metadata", {}).get("colab_msg_id")
41
+ state.history.log_event(
42
+ s.name,
43
+ "colab_request",
44
+ {"type": "dfs_ephemeral", "colab_msg_id": msg_id},
45
+ )
46
+ url = f"{state.client.colab_domain}/tun/m/credentials-propagation/{s.endpoint}"
47
+ params = {
48
+ "authuser": "0",
49
+ "authtype": "dfs_ephemeral",
50
+ "version": "2",
51
+ "dryrun": "true",
52
+ "propagate": "true",
53
+ "record": "false",
54
+ }
55
+ typer.echo(
56
+ f"\n[colab] Intercepted Drive Auth Request. Connecting to {state.client.colab_domain}..."
57
+ )
58
+
59
+ creds = get_credentials(
60
+ state.client_oauth_config, provider=state.auth_provider
61
+ )
62
+ resp = creds.request("GET", url, params=params)
63
+ token = (
64
+ json.loads(resp.text.split("\n", 1)[-1]).get("token")
65
+ if get_status_code(resp) == 200
66
+ else None
67
+ )
68
+
69
+ headers = {"x-goog-colab-token": token}
70
+ resp = creds.request(
71
+ "POST",
72
+ url,
73
+ params=params,
74
+ headers=headers,
75
+ files={"file_id": (None, "empty.ipynb")},
76
+ )
77
+ data = json.loads(resp.text.split("\n", 1)[-1])
78
+
79
+ if not data.get("success"):
80
+ uri = data.get("unauthorized_redirect_uri")
81
+ typer.echo(
82
+ f"\n[colab] REQUIRED: Google Drive Authorization needed.\nPlease visit:\n\n{uri}\n"
83
+ )
84
+ state.history.log_event(s.name, "drive_auth_needed", {"uri": uri})
85
+ sys.stdout.write("Press Enter after you have granted access... ")
86
+ sys.stdout.flush()
87
+ with open("/dev/tty") as tty:
88
+ tty.readline()
89
+
90
+ typer.echo("[colab] Authorizing VM...")
91
+ params["dryrun"] = "false"
92
+ resp = creds.request(
93
+ "POST",
94
+ url,
95
+ params=params,
96
+ headers=headers,
97
+ files={"file_id": (None, "empty.ipynb")},
98
+ )
99
+ if get_status_code(resp) == 200:
100
+ typer.echo("[colab] Credentials propagated. Resuming mount...")
101
+ state.history.log_event(s.name, "drive_auth_success", {})
102
+ reply = wsclient.session.msg(
103
+ "input_reply",
104
+ {"value": {"type": "colab_reply", "colab_msg_id": msg_id}},
105
+ )
106
+ if "header" in deserialize_msg:
107
+ reply["parent_header"] = deserialize_msg["header"]
108
+ wsclient.stdin_channel.send(reply)
109
+ else:
110
+ typer.echo(
111
+ f"[colab] Error propagating: {get_status_code(resp)} {resp.text}"
112
+ )
113
+ return True
114
+ return False
115
+
116
+ runtime.colab_request_hook = drivefs_hook
117
+ try:
118
+ s.running = f"automation({op})"
119
+ s.last_execution = (
120
+ f"automation:{op}",
121
+ None,
122
+ datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
123
+ )
124
+ state.store.add(s)
125
+
126
+ if op == "drivemount":
127
+ state.history.log_event(
128
+ name, "automation", {"op": "drivemount", "path": path, "code": code}
129
+ )
130
+ else:
131
+ state.history.log_event(name, "automation", {"op": op, "code": code})
132
+
133
+ outputs = runtime.execute_code(code, allow_stdin=allow_stdin)
134
+ state.history.log_event(
135
+ name, "automation_result", {"op": op, "outputs": outputs}
136
+ )
137
+
138
+ for out in outputs:
139
+ if "text" in out:
140
+ sys.stdout.write(out["text"])
141
+ elif "data" in out:
142
+ if "text/plain" in out["data"]:
143
+ typer.echo(out["data"]["text/plain"])
144
+ elif out.get("output_type") == "error":
145
+ ename = out.get("ename", "Error")
146
+ evalue = out.get("evalue", "")
147
+ tb = out.get("traceback", [])
148
+ if tb:
149
+ sys.stderr.write("".join(tb) + "\n")
150
+ else:
151
+ sys.stderr.write(f"{ename}: {evalue}\n")
152
+ finally:
153
+ s.running = None
154
+ state.store.add(s)
155
+ runtime.stop()
156
+
157
+
158
+def auth(
159
+ session: Annotated[
160
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
161
+ ] = None,
162
+):
163
+ """Authenticate with Google on the VM"""
164
+ from colab_cli.common import state
165
+
166
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
167
+ code = "import os\nos.environ['USE_AUTH_EPHEM'] = '0'\nfrom google.colab import auth\nauth.authenticate_user()"
168
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Starting Google Auth flow on {name}...")
169
+ run_automation(name, "auth", code, allow_stdin=True)
170
+
171
+
172
+def drivemount(
173
+ session: Annotated[
174
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
175
+ ] = None,
176
+ path: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Mount path")] = "/content/drive",
177
+):
178
+ """Mount Google Drive at path"""
179
+ from colab_cli.common import state
180
+
181
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
182
+ code = f"from google.colab import drive\ndrive.mount('{path}')"
183
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Mounting Google Drive to '{path}' on {name}...")
184
+ run_automation(name, "drivemount", code, allow_stdin=True, path=path)
185
+
186
+
187
+def install(
188
+ session: Annotated[
189
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
190
+ ] = None,
191
+ packages: Annotated[
192
+ Optional[List[str]], typer.Argument(help="Packages to install")
193
+ ] = None,
194
+ requirement: Annotated[
195
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-r", "--requirement", help="Requirements file")
196
+ ] = None,
197
+):
198
+ """Install python packages on the VM"""
199
+ from colab_cli.common import state
200
+
201
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
202
+ if not packages and not requirement:
203
+ typer.echo("[colab] No packages or requirements specified.")
204
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
205
+
206
+ commands = []
207
+ if requirement:
208
+ if not os.path.isfile(requirement):
209
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Requirements file '{requirement}' not found locally.")
210
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
211
+ contents = ContentsClient(state.store.get(name))
212
+ remote_path = f"content/{os.path.basename(requirement)}"
213
+ contents.upload(requirement, remote_path)
214
+ commands.extend(["-r", f"/{remote_path}"])
215
+ if packages:
216
+ commands.extend(packages)
217
+
218
+ cmd_str = ", ".join(f"'{c}'" for c in commands)
219
+ code = f"""
220
+import subprocess, sys
221
+def install():
222
+ packages = [{cmd_str}]
223
+ try:
224
+ subprocess.check_call(['uv', 'pip', 'install', '--system'] + packages)
225
+ print('Installation Complete (via uv)!')
226
+ except:
227
+ subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install'] + packages)
228
+ print('Installation Complete (via pip)!')
229
+install()
230
+"""
231
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Installing packages on {name} (preferring uv)...")
232
+ run_automation(name, "install", code)
233
+
234
+
235
+def register(app: typer.Typer):
236
+ app.command(hidden=True)(auth)
237
+ app.command()(drivemount)
238
+ app.command()(install)
src/colab_cli/commands/execution.py
new
+356
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import datetime
16
+import nbformat
17
+import os
18
+import re
19
+import sys
20
+import typer
21
+import uuid
22
+from nbformat.v4 import new_output
23
+from typing import Optional
24
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
25
+
26
+from colab_cli.runtime import ColabRuntime
27
+from colab_cli.utils import handle_image, is_terminal_error
28
+from colab_cli.console import connect_console
29
+
30
+TITLE_REGEX = re.compile(r"^\s*#\s*@title\s+(.*)", re.MULTILINE)
31
+
32
+
33
+def is_stdin_tty():
34
+ return sys.stdin.isatty()
35
+
36
+
37
+def save_output(outputs, cell):
38
+ if cell is None:
39
+ return
40
+
41
+ if not hasattr(cell, "outputs"):
42
+ cell.outputs = []
43
+ else:
44
+ cell.outputs.clear()
45
+
46
+ for out in outputs:
47
+ if out.get("output_type") == "stream":
48
+ cell.outputs.append(
49
+ new_output(
50
+ output_type="stream",
51
+ name=out.get("name", "stdout"),
52
+ text=out.get("text", ""),
53
+ )
54
+ )
55
+ elif "data" in out:
56
+ output_type = out.get("output_type", "display_data")
57
+ cell.outputs.append(
58
+ new_output(
59
+ output_type=output_type,
60
+ data=out["data"],
61
+ metadata=out.get("metadata", {}),
62
+ )
63
+ )
64
+ elif out.get("output_type") == "error":
65
+ cell.outputs.append(
66
+ new_output(
67
+ output_type="error",
68
+ ename=out.get("ename", "Error"),
69
+ evalue=out.get("evalue", ""),
70
+ traceback=out.get("traceback", []),
71
+ )
72
+ )
73
+
74
+
75
+def display_output(out, output_image=None):
76
+ if out.get("output_type") == "stream":
77
+ stream = sys.stderr if out.get("name") == "stderr" else sys.stdout
78
+ stream.write(out.get("text", ""))
79
+ stream.flush()
80
+ elif "data" in out:
81
+ data = out["data"]
82
+ if text := data.get("text/plain"):
83
+ typer.echo(text)
84
+ if png := data.get("image/png"):
85
+ handle_image(png, "image/png", target_path=output_image)
86
+ elif jpeg := data.get("image/jpeg"):
87
+ handle_image(jpeg, "image/jpeg", target_path=output_image)
88
+ elif out.get("output_type") == "error":
89
+ tb = out.get("traceback", [])
90
+ if tb:
91
+ sys.stderr.write("".join(tb) + "\n")
92
+ else:
93
+ ename = out.get("ename", "Error")
94
+ evalue = out.get("evalue", "")
95
+ sys.stderr.write(f"{ename}: {evalue}\n")
96
+ else:
97
+ # Ignore silent outputs like metadata or clear_output for streaming
98
+ pass
99
+
100
+
101
+def exec_command(
102
+ session: Annotated[
103
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
104
+ ] = None,
105
+ file: Annotated[
106
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-f", "--file", help="File to execute")
107
+ ] = None,
108
+ output_image: Annotated[
109
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("--output-image", help="Path to save plot")
110
+ ] = None,
111
+):
112
+ """Execute code in a session"""
113
+ from colab_cli.common import state
114
+
115
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
116
+ s = state.store.get(name)
117
+ if not s:
118
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
119
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
120
+
121
+ code_blocks = []
122
+ if file:
123
+ if file.endswith(".ipynb"):
124
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Parsing notebook '{file}'...")
125
+ with open(file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
126
+ nb = nbformat.read(f, as_version=4)
127
+ for cell in nb.cells:
128
+ # nbformat v4.5+ requires 'id' at the top level
129
+ if not hasattr(cell, "id") or not cell.id:
130
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
131
+
132
+ if cell.cell_type == "code":
133
+ code_blocks.append(
134
+ {"code": cell.source, "id": cell.id, "cell": cell}
135
+ )
136
+ else:
137
+ with open(file, "r") as f:
138
+ code_blocks.append({"code": f.read(), "id": None})
139
+ else:
140
+ if is_stdin_tty():
141
+ typer.echo("[colab] Error: No input provided. Pipe code or provide a file.")
142
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
143
+ code_blocks.append({"code": sys.stdin.read(), "id": None})
144
+
145
+ if not any(b["code"].strip() for b in code_blocks):
146
+ raise typer.Exit(0)
147
+
148
+ def on_started(kid):
149
+ s.kernel_id = kid
150
+ state.store.add(s)
151
+
152
+ def on_sess_started(sid):
153
+ s.session_id = sid
154
+ state.store.add(s)
155
+
156
+ runtime = ColabRuntime(
157
+ s.url,
158
+ s.token,
159
+ kernel_id=s.kernel_id,
160
+ session_id=s.session_id,
161
+ on_kernel_started=on_started,
162
+ on_session_started=on_sess_started,
163
+ )
164
+ try:
165
+ # Ensure we are in /content which is the standard Colab working directory
166
+ runtime.execute_code(
167
+ "import os; os.makedirs('/content', exist_ok=True); os.chdir('/content')"
168
+ )
169
+ except Exception as e:
170
+ if is_terminal_error(e):
171
+ typer.echo(
172
+ f"[colab] Session '{name}' appears to be lost (404/401). Cleaning up."
173
+ )
174
+ state.prune_session(name)
175
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
176
+ raise e
177
+
178
+ try:
179
+ is_nb = file and file.endswith(".ipynb")
180
+ s.running = f"exec({file or 'stdin'})"
181
+ state.store.add(s)
182
+
183
+ for i, block in enumerate(code_blocks):
184
+ code = block["code"]
185
+ identifier = None
186
+ if is_nb:
187
+ title_match = TITLE_REGEX.search(code)
188
+ if title_match:
189
+ identifier = title_match.group(1).strip()
190
+ elif block.get("id"):
191
+ identifier = block["id"]
192
+ else:
193
+ identifier = ""
194
+
195
+ identifier_str = f" - {identifier}" if identifier else ""
196
+ typer.echo(
197
+ f"[colab] Executing cell {i + 1}/{len(code_blocks)}{identifier_str}..."
198
+ )
199
+
200
+ s.last_execution = (
201
+ file or "stdin",
202
+ identifier,
203
+ datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
204
+ )
205
+ state.store.add(s)
206
+
207
+ outputs = runtime.execute_code(
208
+ code, output_hook=lambda o: display_output(o, output_image)
209
+ )
210
+ if "cell" in block:
211
+ save_output(outputs, block["cell"])
212
+ state.history.log_event(
213
+ name,
214
+ "execution",
215
+ {
216
+ "code": code,
217
+ "outputs": outputs,
218
+ "cell_index": i if len(code_blocks) > 1 else None,
219
+ "cell_id": block.get("id"),
220
+ },
221
+ )
222
+ finally:
223
+ s.running = None
224
+ state.store.add(s)
225
+ runtime.stop()
226
+ if file and file.endswith(".ipynb"):
227
+ output_file = os.path.splitext(file)[0] + "_output.ipynb"
228
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Saving notebook with outputs to '{output_file}'...")
229
+ with open(output_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
230
+ nbformat.write(nb, f)
231
+
232
+
233
+def repl(
234
+ session: Annotated[
235
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
236
+ ] = None,
237
+ output_image: Annotated[
238
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("--output-image", help="Path to save plot")
239
+ ] = None,
240
+):
241
+ """Start an interactive REPL"""
242
+ from colab_cli.common import state
243
+
244
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
245
+ s = state.store.get(name)
246
+ if not s:
247
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
248
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
249
+
250
+ def on_started(kid):
251
+ s.kernel_id = kid
252
+ state.store.add(s)
253
+
254
+ def on_sess_started(sid):
255
+ s.session_id = sid
256
+ state.store.add(s)
257
+
258
+ runtime = ColabRuntime(
259
+ s.url,
260
+ s.token,
261
+ kernel_id=s.kernel_id,
262
+ session_id=s.session_id,
263
+ on_kernel_started=on_started,
264
+ on_session_started=on_sess_started,
265
+ )
266
+ try:
267
+ # Ensure we are in /content which is the standard Colab working directory
268
+ runtime.execute_code(
269
+ "import os; os.makedirs('/content', exist_ok=True); os.chdir('/content')"
270
+ )
271
+ except Exception as e:
272
+ if is_terminal_error(e):
273
+ typer.echo(
274
+ f"[colab] Session '{name}' appears to be lost (404/401). Cleaning up."
275
+ )
276
+ state.prune_session(name)
277
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
278
+ raise e
279
+
280
+ if not is_stdin_tty():
281
+ code = sys.stdin.read()
282
+ if not code.strip():
283
+ raise typer.Exit(0)
284
+
285
+ s.last_execution = (
286
+ "stdin",
287
+ None,
288
+ datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
289
+ )
290
+ s.running = "repl(stdin)"
291
+ state.store.add(s)
292
+ try:
293
+ outputs = runtime.execute_code(
294
+ code, output_hook=lambda o: display_output(o, output_image)
295
+ )
296
+ state.history.log_event(
297
+ name, "execution", {"code": code, "outputs": outputs, "source": "piped"}
298
+ )
299
+ finally:
300
+ s.running = None
301
+ state.store.add(s)
302
+ runtime.stop()
303
+ else:
304
+ from colab_cli.repl import ColabREPL
305
+
306
+ s.running = "repl"
307
+ state.store.add(s)
308
+ try:
309
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(
310
+ runtime,
311
+ session_name=s.name,
312
+ history_logger=state.history,
313
+ output_image=output_image,
314
+ )
315
+ state.history.log_event(name, "repl_started", {})
316
+ repl_inst.run()
317
+ finally:
318
+ s.running = None
319
+ state.store.add(s)
320
+
321
+
322
+def console(
323
+ session: Annotated[
324
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
325
+ ] = None,
326
+):
327
+ """Connect to raw TTY console"""
328
+ from colab_cli.common import state
329
+
330
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
331
+ s = state.store.get(name)
332
+ if not s:
333
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
334
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
335
+ state.history.log_event(s.name, "console_started", {})
336
+ s.running = "console"
337
+ state.store.add(s)
338
+ try:
339
+ connect_console(s)
340
+ except Exception as e:
341
+ if is_terminal_error(e):
342
+ typer.echo(
343
+ f"[colab] Session '{name}' appears to be lost (404/401). Cleaning up."
344
+ )
345
+ state.prune_session(name)
346
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
347
+ raise e
348
+ finally:
349
+ s.running = None
350
+ state.store.add(s)
351
+
352
+
353
+def register(app: typer.Typer):
354
+ app.command(name="exec")(exec_command)
355
+ app.command()(repl)
356
+ app.command()(console)
src/colab_cli/commands/files.py
new
+204
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import click
16
+import hashlib
17
+import os
18
+import tempfile
19
+import typer
20
+from typing import Optional
21
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
22
+
23
+from colab_cli.contents import ContentsClient
24
+
25
+
26
+def ls(
27
+ session: Annotated[
28
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
29
+ ] = None,
30
+ path: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Remote path to list")] = "content",
31
+):
32
+ """List files in a session"""
33
+ from colab_cli.common import state
34
+
35
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
36
+ s = state.store.get(name)
37
+ if not s:
38
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
39
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
40
+ contents = ContentsClient(s)
41
+ try:
42
+ data = contents.list_dir(path)
43
+ state.history.log_event(name, "file_operation", {"op": "ls", "path": path})
44
+ if data.get("type") == "directory":
45
+ items = data.get("content", [])
46
+ for item in sorted(
47
+ items, key=lambda x: (x.get("type") != "directory", x.get("name"))
48
+ ):
49
+ suffix = "/" if item.get("type") == "directory" else ""
50
+ typer.echo(f"{item.get('name')}{suffix}")
51
+ else:
52
+ typer.echo(data.get("name"))
53
+ except Exception as e:
54
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Error: {e}")
55
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
56
+
57
+
58
+def rm(
59
+ session: Annotated[
60
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
61
+ ] = None,
62
+ path: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Remote path to remove")] = ...,
63
+):
64
+ """Remove a remote file"""
65
+ from colab_cli.common import state
66
+
67
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
68
+ s = state.store.get(name)
69
+ if not s:
70
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
71
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
72
+ contents = ContentsClient(s)
73
+ try:
74
+ contents.rm(path)
75
+ state.history.log_event(name, "file_operation", {"op": "rm", "path": path})
76
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Deleted {path}")
77
+ except Exception as e:
78
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Error: {e}")
79
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
80
+
81
+
82
+def upload(
83
+ session: Annotated[
84
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
85
+ ] = None,
86
+ local_path: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Local file to upload")] = ...,
87
+ remote_path: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Remote path to upload to")] = ...,
88
+):
89
+ """Upload a file to a session"""
90
+ from colab_cli.common import state
91
+
92
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
93
+ s = state.store.get(name)
94
+ if not s:
95
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
96
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
97
+ if not os.path.isfile(local_path):
98
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Local file '{local_path}' not found.")
99
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
100
+ contents = ContentsClient(s)
101
+ try:
102
+ contents.upload(local_path, remote_path)
103
+ state.history.log_event(
104
+ name,
105
+ "file_operation",
106
+ {"op": "upload", "local": local_path, "remote": remote_path},
107
+ )
108
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Uploaded '{local_path}' to '{remote_path}'")
109
+ except Exception as e:
110
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Upload failed: {e}")
111
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
112
+
113
+
114
+def download(
115
+ session: Annotated[
116
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
117
+ ] = None,
118
+ remote_path: Annotated[
119
+ str, typer.Argument(help="Remote path to download from")
120
+ ] = ...,
121
+ local_path: Annotated[
122
+ str, typer.Argument(help="Local path to save the file")
123
+ ] = ...,
124
+):
125
+ """Download a file from a session"""
126
+ from colab_cli.common import state
127
+
128
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
129
+ s = state.store.get(name)
130
+ if not s:
131
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
132
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
133
+ contents = ContentsClient(s)
134
+ try:
135
+ contents.download(remote_path, local_path)
136
+ state.history.log_event(
137
+ name,
138
+ "file_operation",
139
+ {"op": "download", "remote": remote_path, "local": local_path},
140
+ )
141
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Downloaded '{remote_path}' to '{local_path}'")
142
+ except Exception as e:
143
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Download failed: {e}")
144
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
145
+
146
+
147
+def edit(
148
+ session: Annotated[
149
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
150
+ ] = None,
151
+ remote_path: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Remote path to edit")] = ...,
152
+):
153
+ """Edit a file on a running Colab session"""
154
+ from colab_cli.common import state
155
+
156
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
157
+ s = state.store.get(name)
158
+ if not s:
159
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
160
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
161
+
162
+ contents = ContentsClient(s)
163
+
164
+ def get_file_hash(path):
165
+ if not os.path.exists(path):
166
+ return None
167
+ with open(path, "rb") as f:
168
+ return hashlib.file_digest(f, "sha256").hexdigest()
169
+
170
+ _, ext = os.path.splitext(remote_path)
171
+
172
+ with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=ext) as tf:
173
+ local_path = tf.name
174
+
175
+ try:
176
+ contents.download(remote_path, local_path)
177
+ except Exception:
178
+ # If download fails, assume file doesn't exist and start empty
179
+ pass
180
+
181
+ hash_before = get_file_hash(local_path)
182
+
183
+ click.edit(filename=local_path)
184
+
185
+ hash_after = get_file_hash(local_path)
186
+
187
+ if hash_after != hash_before:
188
+ contents.upload(local_path, remote_path)
189
+ state.history.log_event(
190
+ name,
191
+ "file_operation",
192
+ {"op": "edit", "remote": remote_path},
193
+ )
194
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Edited and uploaded '{remote_path}'")
195
+ else:
196
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] No changes made to '{remote_path}'")
197
+
198
+
199
+def register(app: typer.Typer):
200
+ app.command()(ls)
201
+ app.command()(rm)
202
+ app.command()(upload)
203
+ app.command()(download)
204
+ app.command()(edit)
src/colab_cli/commands/session.py
new
+473
@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import os
16
+import subprocess
17
+import sys
18
+import time
19
+import uuid
20
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
21
+import typer
22
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
23
+
24
+from colab_cli.client import (
25
+ Accelerator,
26
+ ColabRequestError,
27
+ PostAssignmentResponse,
28
+ Variant,
29
+)
30
+from colab_cli.utils import get_status_code
31
+from colab_cli.state import SessionState
32
+from colab_cli.runtime import ColabRuntime
33
+
34
+
35
+def _is_scope_error(e: Exception) -> bool:
36
+ """True if a ColabRequestError's response body indicates a missing OAuth scope.
37
+
38
+ The frontend returns a `google.rpc.Status` with `code=7` (PERMISSION_DENIED)
39
+ and a `DebugInfo` payload mentioning `SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED` /
40
+ "insufficient authentication scopes". Match on either substring so we
41
+ don't depend on the exact wording of one of them.
42
+ """
43
+ body = getattr(e, "response_body", None) or ""
44
+ body_str = str(body)
45
+ return (
46
+ "SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED" in body_str
47
+ or "insufficient authentication scopes" in body_str
48
+ )
49
+
50
+
51
+def _scope_remediation_message(provider) -> str:
52
+ """User-facing remediation hint, tailored per auth provider."""
53
+ # Importing locally to avoid a circular import at module load time.
54
+ from colab_cli.auth import AuthProvider
55
+
56
+ common = (
57
+ "The Colab keep-alive RPC requires the "
58
+ "'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory' OAuth scope."
59
+ )
60
+ if provider == AuthProvider.ADC:
61
+ return (
62
+ f"{common}\n"
63
+ "Re-authenticate ADC with both userinfo.email (required by the "
64
+ "Colab session backend at colab.research.google.com) and "
65
+ "colaboratory (required by the runtime service at "
66
+ "colab.pa.googleapis.com):\n"
67
+ " gcloud auth application-default login \\\n"
68
+ " --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email,"
69
+ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory\n"
70
+ "Then re-run `colab new`."
71
+ )
72
+ # OAuth2 (and any future provider) fallback.
73
+ return (
74
+ f"{common}\n"
75
+ "Delete the cached token at ~/.config/colab-cli/token.json and "
76
+ "re-run `colab new` to trigger a fresh consent flow that includes "
77
+ "the colaboratory scope."
78
+ )
79
+
80
+
81
+def _hardware_label(accelerator: str) -> str:
82
+ """`NONE` -> `CPU`; everything else passes through."""
83
+ return "CPU" if accelerator == "NONE" else accelerator
84
+
85
+
86
+def _format_session_line(
87
+ name: str,
88
+ endpoint: str,
89
+ accelerator: str,
90
+ variant: str,
91
+ status: Optional[str] = None,
92
+) -> str:
93
+ """Single source of truth for session display lines.
94
+
95
+ Format: ``[name] endpoint | Hardware: X | Variant: Y[ | Status: Z]``.
96
+ Use ``"?"`` as the name for orphaned server-side assignments with no local
97
+ state.
98
+ """
99
+ parts = [
100
+ f"[{name}] {endpoint}",
101
+ f"Hardware: {_hardware_label(accelerator)}",
102
+ f"Variant: {variant}",
103
+ ]
104
+ if status is not None:
105
+ parts.append(f"Status: {status}")
106
+ return " | ".join(parts)
107
+
108
+
109
+def new(
110
+ session: Annotated[
111
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
112
+ ] = None,
113
+ tpu: Annotated[
114
+ Optional[str],
115
+ typer.Option(
116
+ help="TPU accelerator variant. Supported: v5e1, v6e1.",
117
+ ),
118
+ ] = None,
119
+ gpu: Annotated[
120
+ Optional[str],
121
+ typer.Option(
122
+ help=(
123
+ "GPU accelerator variant. Supported: T4, L4, G4, H100, A100."
124
+ "\n\nIf omitted (along with --tpu), a CPU runtime is created."
125
+ "\n\nAvailability varies by Colab subscription tier."
126
+ ),
127
+ ),
128
+ ] = None,
129
+):
130
+ """Create a new session"""
131
+ from colab_cli.common import state
132
+
133
+ name = session or uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]
134
+ variant = Variant.DEFAULT
135
+ accelerator = Accelerator.NONE
136
+
137
+ if tpu:
138
+ variant = Variant.TPU
139
+ accelerator = Accelerator.V5E1 if tpu.lower() == "v5e1" else Accelerator.V6E1
140
+ elif gpu:
141
+ variant = Variant.GPU
142
+ mapping = {
143
+ "a100": Accelerator.A100,
144
+ "h100": Accelerator.H100,
145
+ "l4": Accelerator.L4,
146
+ "t4": Accelerator.T4,
147
+ "g4": Accelerator.G4,
148
+ }
149
+ accelerator = mapping.get(gpu.lower(), Accelerator.A100)
150
+
151
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Creating session '{name}'...")
152
+ try:
153
+ res = state.client.assign(
154
+ uuid.uuid4(), variant=variant, accelerator=accelerator
155
+ )
156
+ except ColabRequestError as e:
157
+ # The Colab backend returns 400 when the caller is not entitled to the
158
+ # requested accelerator (e.g. no A100 quota). Translate that to a
159
+ # friendly, actionable message instead of a raw traceback. We only
160
+ # interpret it this way when an accelerator was actually requested;
161
+ # otherwise we re-raise so the user sees the real cause.
162
+ if get_status_code(e) == 400 and accelerator != Accelerator.NONE:
163
+ typer.echo(
164
+ f"[colab] Backend rejected accelerator '{accelerator.value}'. "
165
+ "You may not have quota or entitlement for this accelerator on "
166
+ "your account. Try a different one (e.g. --gpu T4) or omit "
167
+ "--gpu/--tpu for a CPU runtime.",
168
+ err=True,
169
+ )
170
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
171
+ raise
172
+
173
+ if isinstance(res, PostAssignmentResponse):
174
+ token = res.runtime_proxy_info.token
175
+ url = res.runtime_proxy_info.url
176
+ endpoint = res.endpoint
177
+ else:
178
+ token = (
179
+ res.runtime_proxy_info.token
180
+ if hasattr(res, "runtime_proxy_info")
181
+ else getattr(res, "runtime_proxy_token", "")
182
+ )
183
+ url = res.runtime_proxy_info.url if hasattr(res, "runtime_proxy_info") else ""
184
+ endpoint = res.endpoint
185
+
186
+ # Importing locally to avoid a top-level circular import via auth.
187
+
188
+ s = SessionState(
189
+ name=name,
190
+ token=token,
191
+ url=url,
192
+ endpoint=endpoint,
193
+ variant=variant.value,
194
+ accelerator=accelerator.value,
195
+ )
196
+
197
+ # Pre-flight the keep-alive RPC once. If it returns 403 SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED
198
+ # we know the daemon will fail and the VM would be idle-pruned. Catch
199
+ # it now so we (a) never leak a billable assignment, (b) surface an
200
+ # actionable remediation instead of a "session quietly disappeared".
201
+ try:
202
+ state.client.keep_alive_assignment(endpoint)
203
+ except ColabRequestError as e:
204
+ if get_status_code(e) == 403 and _is_scope_error(e):
205
+ typer.echo(
206
+ "[colab] Keep-alive pre-flight failed: your OAuth "
207
+ "credentials are missing the 'colaboratory' scope, which "
208
+ "is required by the Colab RuntimeService.\n",
209
+ err=True,
210
+ )
211
+ typer.echo(_scope_remediation_message(state.auth_provider), err=True)
212
+ # Don't leak the assignment we just created.
213
+ try:
214
+ state.client.unassign(endpoint)
215
+ except Exception:
216
+ pass
217
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
218
+ # Other failures: don't block session creation — the daemon will
219
+ # retry and log via the existing keep_alive_error event path.
220
+
221
+ # Persist the session BEFORE spawning the daemon so the daemon's
222
+ # initial `state.store.get(session_name)` check doesn't race and
223
+ # exit with `reason=session_not_found`. We re-persist below to also
224
+ # capture the daemon PID.
225
+ state.store.add(s)
226
+ s.keep_alive_pid = spawn_keep_alive(
227
+ endpoint,
228
+ name,
229
+ auth_provider=state.auth_provider,
230
+ config_path=state.config_path,
231
+ )
232
+
233
+ state.store.add(s)
234
+ state.history.log_event(
235
+ name,
236
+ "session_created",
237
+ {
238
+ "endpoint": endpoint,
239
+ "variant": variant.value,
240
+ "accelerator": accelerator.value,
241
+ },
242
+ )
243
+ typer.echo("[colab] Session READY.")
244
+
245
+
246
+def sessions_command():
247
+ """List all active sessions"""
248
+ from colab_cli.common import state
249
+
250
+ sessions, assignments = state.sync_sessions()
251
+ if not assignments:
252
+ typer.echo("[colab] No active sessions found on server.")
253
+ return
254
+
255
+ # Build endpoint -> local-name lookup so we can lead with the friendly name.
256
+ name_by_endpoint = {s.endpoint: s.name for s in sessions.values()}
257
+ for a in assignments:
258
+ name = name_by_endpoint.get(a.endpoint, "?")
259
+ # `a.variant` is an int-valued AssignmentVariant (DEFAULT=0/GPU=1/TPU=2);
260
+ # its `.name` matches the user-facing string Variant enum, which is what
261
+ # `status` shows for locally-tracked sessions.
262
+ typer.echo(
263
+ _format_session_line(
264
+ name=name,
265
+ endpoint=a.endpoint,
266
+ accelerator=a.accelerator.value,
267
+ variant=a.variant.name,
268
+ )
269
+ )
270
+
271
+
272
+def _print_status_for(s: SessionState) -> None:
273
+ """Print one session's status line plus optional last-execution detail."""
274
+ status = f"BUSY ({s.running})" if s.running else "IDLE"
275
+ typer.echo(
276
+ _format_session_line(
277
+ name=s.name,
278
+ endpoint=s.endpoint,
279
+ accelerator=s.accelerator,
280
+ variant=s.variant,
281
+ status=status,
282
+ )
283
+ )
284
+ if s.last_execution:
285
+ exec_file, exec_cell, exec_time = s.last_execution
286
+ cell_str = f" | Cell: {exec_cell}" if exec_cell else ""
287
+ typer.echo(f" Last Execution: {exec_file}{cell_str} at {exec_time}")
288
+
289
+
290
+def status(
291
+ session: Annotated[
292
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
293
+ ] = None,
294
+):
295
+ """Show session status"""
296
+ from colab_cli.common import state
297
+
298
+ local_sessions, _ = state.sync_sessions()
299
+ if session:
300
+ s = state.store.get(session)
301
+ if s:
302
+ _print_status_for(s)
303
+ else:
304
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{session}' not found.")
305
+ return
306
+
307
+ if not local_sessions:
308
+ typer.echo("[colab] No active sessions.")
309
+ return
310
+ for s in local_sessions.values():
311
+ _print_status_for(s)
312
+
313
+
314
+def stop(
315
+ session: Annotated[
316
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
317
+ ] = None,
318
+):
319
+ """Stop a session"""
320
+ from colab_cli.common import state
321
+
322
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
323
+ s = state.store.get(name)
324
+ if not s:
325
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.")
326
+ return
327
+
328
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Stopping session '{name}'...")
329
+ if s.keep_alive_pid:
330
+ from colab_cli.common import kill_process
331
+
332
+ kill_process(s.keep_alive_pid)
333
+
334
+ try:
335
+ runtime = ColabRuntime(s.url, s.token, kernel_id=s.kernel_id)
336
+ runtime.stop(shutdown_kernel=True)
337
+ except Exception:
338
+ pass
339
+
340
+ state.client.unassign(s.endpoint)
341
+ state.store.remove(name)
342
+ state.history.log_event(name, "session_terminated", {"reason": "user_requested"})
343
+ typer.echo("[colab] Session terminated.")
344
+
345
+
346
+def spawn_keep_alive(
347
+ endpoint: str, session_name: str, auth_provider=None, config_path=None
348
+):
349
+ """Spawns a detached keep-alive process.
350
+
351
+ Both `auth_provider` and `config_path` are propagated as global flags
352
+ so the detached child uses the same authentication strategy AND the
353
+ same session state file as the parent that invoked `colab new`.
354
+ Without this, the child inherits Typer's defaults (`--auth=oauth2`,
355
+ `--config=~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`), which causes:
356
+ (a) wrong auth backend, and
357
+ (b) the daemon's `state.store.get(session_name)` check finds nothing
358
+ and exits with `reason=session_not_found` when the parent used
359
+ `--config` to write to a non-default path.
360
+ """
361
+ cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "colab_cli.cli"]
362
+ if auth_provider is not None:
363
+ cmd.append(f"--auth={auth_provider.value}")
364
+ if config_path is not None:
365
+ cmd.extend(["--config", config_path])
366
+ cmd.extend(["keep-alive", endpoint, session_name])
367
+ # Detach process
368
+ kwargs = {}
369
+ if sys.platform != "win32":
370
+ kwargs["start_new_session"] = True
371
+ else:
372
+ # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1356540/how-can-i-make-a-python-script-run-in-the-background-as-a-service-on-windows
373
+ CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP = 0x00000200
374
+ DETACHED_PROCESS = 0x00000008
375
+ kwargs["creationflags"] = DETACHED_PROCESS | CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
376
+
377
+ p = subprocess.Popen(
378
+ cmd,
379
+ stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
380
+ stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
381
+ stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
382
+ **kwargs,
383
+ )
384
+ return p.pid
385
+
386
+
387
+def keep_alive(
388
+ endpoint: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Endpoint ID")],
389
+ session_name: Annotated[str, typer.Argument(help="Session name")],
390
+):
391
+ """Hidden command to run keep-alive loop. Terminate after 24h."""
392
+ from colab_cli.common import state
393
+
394
+ state.history.log_event(
395
+ session_name,
396
+ "keep_alive_started",
397
+ {"endpoint": endpoint, "pid": os.getpid()},
398
+ )
399
+
400
+ start_time = time.time()
401
+ # 24 hours limit
402
+ max_duration = 24 * 3600
403
+ consecutive_4xx = 0
404
+ iterations = 0
405
+ last_error: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
406
+
407
+ reason = "time_limit_reached"
408
+ extra: Dict[str, Any] = {}
409
+ while time.time() - start_time < max_duration:
410
+ iterations += 1
411
+ # Check if session still exists in local state
412
+ s = state.store.get(session_name)
413
+ if not s:
414
+ reason = "session_not_found"
415
+ break
416
+ if s.endpoint != endpoint:
417
+ reason = "endpoint_mismatch"
418
+ extra["expected_endpoint"] = endpoint
419
+ extra["actual_endpoint"] = s.endpoint
420
+ break
421
+
422
+ try:
423
+ state.client.keep_alive_assignment(endpoint)
424
+ consecutive_4xx = 0
425
+ last_error = None
426
+ except Exception as e:
427
+ code = get_status_code(e)
428
+ response_body = getattr(e, "response_body", None)
429
+ err_info = {
430
+ "status_code": code,
431
+ "error_type": type(e).__name__,
432
+ "error": str(e)[:500],
433
+ "response_body": (str(response_body)[:1000] if response_body else None),
434
+ }
435
+ last_error = err_info
436
+ state.history.log_event(
437
+ session_name,
438
+ "keep_alive_error",
439
+ {
440
+ **err_info,
441
+ "iteration": iterations,
442
+ "consecutive_4xx": consecutive_4xx
443
+ + (1 if code is not None and 400 <= code < 500 else 0),
444
+ },
445
+ )
446
+ if code is not None and 400 <= code < 500:
447
+ consecutive_4xx += 1
448
+ if consecutive_4xx >= 2:
449
+ reason = "consecutive_4xx_errors"
450
+ break
451
+ else:
452
+ # For other errors (network), we retry and don't count as 4xx
453
+ pass
454
+
455
+ time.sleep(60)
456
+
457
+ payload: Dict[str, Any] = {
458
+ "reason": reason,
459
+ "iterations": iterations,
460
+ "duration_seconds": round(time.time() - start_time, 2),
461
+ }
462
+ if last_error is not None:
463
+ payload["last_error"] = last_error
464
+ payload.update(extra)
465
+ state.history.log_event(session_name, "keep_alive_stopped", payload)
466
+
467
+
468
+def register(app: typer.Typer):
469
+ app.command()(new)
470
+ app.command(name="sessions")(sessions_command)
471
+ app.command()(status)
472
+ app.command()(stop)
473
+ app.command(hidden=True)(keep_alive)
src/colab_cli/commands/utility.py
new
+365
@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import platform
16
+from typing import Optional
17
+
18
+import typer
19
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
20
+
21
+from colab_cli import auto_update
22
+from colab_cli.auto_update import get_app_version
23
+from colab_cli.common import state
24
+
25
+
26
+def pay():
27
+ """Open the Colab signup page to manage compute units"""
28
+ import webbrowser
29
+
30
+ url = "https://colab.research.google.com/signup"
31
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Opening {url}...")
32
+ webbrowser.open(url)
33
+
34
+
35
+def url(
36
+ session: Annotated[
37
+ Optional[str], typer.Option("-s", "--session", help="Session name")
38
+ ] = None,
39
+ host: Annotated[
40
+ str,
41
+ typer.Option(
42
+ "--host",
43
+ help=(
44
+ "Colab frontend host (origin) to use for the URL. The Colab "
45
+ "frontend resolves `dbu` against `window.location.origin`, "
46
+ "so this only changes the page origin, not the embedded "
47
+ "backend path."
48
+ ),
49
+ ),
50
+ ] = "https://colab.research.google.com",
51
+ open_browser: Annotated[
52
+ bool,
53
+ typer.Option(
54
+ "--open",
55
+ help=(
56
+ "After printing the URL, also open it in the system browser. "
57
+ "Off by default so the command remains pipeable "
58
+ "(e.g. `colab url -s s1 | xclip`)."
59
+ ),
60
+ ),
61
+ ] = False,
62
+):
63
+ """Print a browser URL that connects to an existing session.
64
+
65
+ Format: ``https://<host>/notebooks/empty.ipynb?dbu=<urlencoded path>``,
66
+ where the path is ``/tun/m/<endpoint>``. When opened, the Colab frontend
67
+ skips ``/tun/m/assign`` and attaches the kernel to our existing VM.
68
+
69
+ The ``dbu`` query parameter is the ``datalab_backend_url`` development
70
+ flag. Because it's a development flag, URL-overriding it may be gated
71
+ by the Colab frontend; some users may need to use the hash-based
72
+ ``#datalabBackendUrl=...`` form instead.
73
+ """
74
+ # Imported here (not at module top) to mirror the lazy-state pattern used
75
+ # elsewhere in this module and avoid a circular import via colab_cli.common.
76
+ from urllib.parse import quote
77
+
78
+ from colab_cli.common import state
79
+
80
+ name = state.resolve_session(session)
81
+ s = state.store.get(name)
82
+ if not s:
83
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Session '{name}' not found.", err=True)
84
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
85
+
86
+ # Strip a trailing slash so we don't produce `https://host//notebooks/...`.
87
+ host_clean = host.rstrip("/")
88
+ # `dbu` value is the path `/tun/m/<endpoint>`. URL-encode it (incl. the
89
+ # slashes via `safe=""`) so the value survives any downstream non-strict
90
+ # query-string re-parsing — this is also the form shown in real Colab
91
+ # connect URLs in the wild.
92
+ dbu_value = quote(f"/tun/m/{s.endpoint}", safe="")
93
+ connect_url = f"{host_clean}/notebooks/empty.ipynb?dbu={dbu_value}"
94
+
95
+ # Print the URL on its own line with no `[colab]` prefix so the output
96
+ # is pipeable (`colab url -s s1 | xclip`, etc.).
97
+ typer.echo(connect_url)
98
+
99
+ if open_browser:
100
+ import webbrowser
101
+
102
+ webbrowser.open(connect_url)
103
+
104
+
105
+def log(
106
+ session: Annotated[
107
+ Optional[str],
108
+ typer.Option(
109
+ "-s",
110
+ "--session",
111
+ help="Session name (if omitted, lists all sessions with logs)",
112
+ ),
113
+ ] = None,
114
+ lines: Annotated[
115
+ Optional[int],
116
+ typer.Option(
117
+ "-n", "--lines", help="Number of lines to show/export (default: all)"
118
+ ),
119
+ ] = None,
120
+ type: Annotated[
121
+ Optional[str],
122
+ typer.Option(
123
+ "-t",
124
+ "--type",
125
+ help="Filter by event type (e.g., execution, file_operation)",
126
+ ),
127
+ ] = None,
128
+ output: Annotated[
129
+ Optional[str],
130
+ typer.Option(
131
+ "-o",
132
+ "--output",
133
+ help="Output file path (suffix determines format: .ipynb, .md, .txt, .jsonl)",
134
+ ),
135
+ ] = None,
136
+):
137
+ """Manage and view session history logs"""
138
+ if not session:
139
+ sessions_with_logs = state.history.list_sessions()
140
+ if not sessions_with_logs:
141
+ typer.echo("[colab] No session history found.")
142
+ else:
143
+ typer.echo("[colab] Sessions with history logs:")
144
+ for n in sorted(sessions_with_logs):
145
+ typer.echo(f" {n}")
146
+ return
147
+
148
+ events = state.history.get_history(session)
149
+ if not events:
150
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] No history found for session '{session}'.")
151
+ return
152
+
153
+ if type:
154
+ events = [e for e in events if e.get("event_type") == type]
155
+
156
+ if lines:
157
+ events = events[-lines:]
158
+
159
+ if output:
160
+ from colab_cli.converter import export_history
161
+
162
+ export_history(events, session, output)
163
+ else:
164
+ for event in events:
165
+ ts = event.get("timestamp", "").split(".")[0].replace("T", " ")
166
+ etype = event.get("event_type", "unknown")
167
+
168
+ if etype == "execution":
169
+ preview = event.get("code", "").strip().split("\n")[0][:60]
170
+ typer.echo(f"[{ts}] EXEC: {preview}...")
171
+ elif etype == "file_operation":
172
+ typer.echo(
173
+ f"[{ts}] FILE: {event.get('op')} {event.get('path', event.get('remote', ''))}"
174
+ )
175
+ elif etype == "automation":
176
+ typer.echo(f"[{ts}] AUTO: {event.get('op')}")
177
+ elif etype == "stdin_request":
178
+ typer.echo(f"[{ts}] INPT: {event.get('prompt', '').strip()}")
179
+ elif etype == "input_reply":
180
+ typer.echo(f"[{ts}] RPLY: {event.get('value', '').strip()}")
181
+ elif etype == "keep_alive_started":
182
+ typer.echo(
183
+ f"[{ts}] KEEP: started endpoint={event.get('endpoint')} pid={event.get('pid')}"
184
+ )
185
+ elif etype == "keep_alive_error":
186
+ msg = (
187
+ f"[{ts}] KEEP: error iter={event.get('iteration')} "
188
+ f"status={event.get('status_code')} "
189
+ f"type={event.get('error_type')} "
190
+ f"msg={event.get('error', '')[:120]}"
191
+ )
192
+ body = event.get("response_body")
193
+ if body:
194
+ msg += f" body={body[:300]}"
195
+ typer.echo(msg)
196
+ elif etype == "keep_alive_stopped":
197
+ msg = (
198
+ f"[{ts}] KEEP: stopped reason={event.get('reason')} "
199
+ f"iters={event.get('iterations')} "
200
+ f"duration={event.get('duration_seconds')}s"
201
+ )
202
+ last_err = event.get("last_error")
203
+ if last_err:
204
+ msg += (
205
+ f" last_error=[status={last_err.get('status_code')} "
206
+ f"type={last_err.get('error_type')} "
207
+ f"msg={str(last_err.get('error', ''))[:120]}]"
208
+ )
209
+ if event.get("expected_endpoint") or event.get("actual_endpoint"):
210
+ msg += (
211
+ f" expected={event.get('expected_endpoint')} "
212
+ f"actual={event.get('actual_endpoint')}"
213
+ )
214
+ typer.echo(msg)
215
+ else:
216
+ typer.echo(f"[{ts}] EVENT: {etype}")
217
+
218
+
219
+def whoami():
220
+ """[debug] Print the active credentials' identity, scopes, and expiry.
221
+
222
+ Mints an access token using the same path the rest of the CLI uses
223
+ (`auth.get_credentials(...)` honoring the global `--auth=...` flag),
224
+ then queries Google's tokeninfo endpoint and prints a human-readable
225
+ summary. Useful when debugging "why is my call to
226
+ colab.pa.googleapis.com 403-ing" — the answer is almost always a
227
+ missing scope or a token whose `email` doesn't match what you
228
+ expected.
229
+
230
+ Hidden from `colab --help` because end users shouldn't need it; reach
231
+ it via `colab whoami --help` or by knowing the name.
232
+ """
233
+ import json
234
+ import urllib.error
235
+ import urllib.parse
236
+ import urllib.request
237
+
238
+ from colab_cli.auth import get_credentials
239
+
240
+ provider = state.auth_provider
241
+
242
+ # Mint a fresh token. Some credential types (service-account, GCE, some
243
+ # impersonated creds) don't populate `.token` until refresh() is called,
244
+ # so we always refresh — cheap, ~1 RPC, and avoids a confusing
245
+ # `creds.token is None` failure mode for valid credentials.
246
+ sess = get_credentials(state.client_oauth_config, provider=provider)
247
+ creds = sess.credentials
248
+ try:
249
+ from google.auth.transport.requests import Request as _GoogleAuthRequest
250
+
251
+ creds.refresh(_GoogleAuthRequest())
252
+ except Exception as e:
253
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] whoami: failed to refresh credentials: {e}", err=True)
254
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
255
+
256
+ token = creds.token
257
+ if not token:
258
+ typer.echo(
259
+ "[colab] whoami: credentials have no access token after refresh; "
260
+ "the auth provider may have failed silently.",
261
+ err=True,
262
+ )
263
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
264
+
265
+ # Hit Google's tokeninfo endpoint. We use stdlib urllib (rather than the
266
+ # already-authorized `sess`) deliberately: tokeninfo accepts the token as
267
+ # a query parameter and does NOT want a Bearer header alongside it.
268
+ qs = urllib.parse.urlencode({"access_token": token})
269
+ url = f"https://oauth2.googleapis.com/tokeninfo?{qs}"
270
+ try:
271
+ with urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=10) as resp:
272
+ body = resp.read().decode("utf-8")
273
+ info = json.loads(body)
274
+ except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
275
+ # tokeninfo returns 400 for invalid/expired/revoked tokens with a
276
+ # JSON body like {"error":"invalid_token","error_description":"..."}.
277
+ # Surface that body so the developer can see *why* it was rejected.
278
+ try:
279
+ err_body = e.read().decode("utf-8")
280
+ except Exception:
281
+ err_body = ""
282
+ typer.echo(
283
+ f"[colab] whoami: tokeninfo returned HTTP {e.code}: {err_body or e.reason}",
284
+ err=True,
285
+ )
286
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
287
+ except Exception as e:
288
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] whoami: tokeninfo request failed: {e}", err=True)
289
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
290
+
291
+ # Format. Provider name from the AuthProvider enum (e.g. "adc"); email
292
+ # may be missing for tokens scoped without `userinfo.email`, in which
293
+ # case we say so explicitly rather than printing "Email: None".
294
+ email = info.get("email") or "<unavailable: token has no userinfo.email scope>"
295
+ expires_in = info.get("expires_in")
296
+ try:
297
+ expires_min = int(expires_in) // 60
298
+ expires_str = f"{expires_min}m"
299
+ except (TypeError, ValueError):
300
+ expires_str = str(expires_in) if expires_in else "<unknown>"
301
+
302
+ audience = info.get("audience") or info.get("aud") or "<none>"
303
+ scopes = (info.get("scope") or "").split()
304
+
305
+ typer.echo(f"Auth provider: {provider.value}")
306
+ typer.echo(f"Email: {email}")
307
+ typer.echo(f"Audience: {audience}")
308
+ typer.echo(f"Expires in: {expires_str}")
309
+ if scopes:
310
+ typer.echo("Scopes:")
311
+ for s in sorted(scopes):
312
+ typer.echo(f" - {s}")
313
+ else:
314
+ typer.echo("Scopes: <none>")
315
+
316
+
317
+def version_command():
318
+ """Show the version of the Colab CLI"""
319
+ typer.echo(f"Version: {get_app_version()}")
320
+
321
+
322
+def update_command(
323
+ install: Annotated[
324
+ bool,
325
+ typer.Option(
326
+ "--install",
327
+ help=(
328
+ "After checking, run 'pip install -U google-colab-cli' to "
329
+ "upgrade the CLI in place. No-op if already up to date. "
330
+ "Linux only."
331
+ ),
332
+ ),
333
+ ] = False,
334
+):
335
+ """Check for latest version and print if an update is available"""
336
+ auto_update.check_for_updates(quiet=False)
337
+ if not install:
338
+ return
339
+
340
+ if platform.system() != "Linux":
341
+ typer.echo(
342
+ "[colab] '--install' self-install is only supported on Linux.", err=True
343
+ )
344
+ raise typer.Exit(code=1)
345
+
346
+ # Skip the install when the current version already matches (or exceeds)
347
+ # the latest known version, to avoid an unnecessary pip subprocess.
348
+ settings = state.settings_store.load()
349
+ if settings.latest_version and not auto_update._is_newer(
350
+ settings.latest_version, auto_update.get_app_version()
351
+ ):
352
+ return
353
+
354
+ auto_update.self_install()
355
+
356
+
357
+def register(app: typer.Typer):
358
+ app.command()(pay)
359
+ app.command()(log)
360
+ app.command(name="url")(url)
361
+ app.command(name="version")(version_command)
362
+ app.command(name="update")(update_command)
363
+ # Developer-only debugging aid; hidden from `colab --help` but still
364
+ # reachable via `colab whoami` / `colab whoami --help`.
365
+ app.command(name="whoami", hidden=True)(whoami)
src/colab_cli/common.py
new
+185
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import logging
16
+import os
17
+import signal
18
+import sys
19
+import time
20
+from typing import Optional
21
+
22
+import typer
23
+
24
+from colab_cli.auth import AuthProvider, get_credentials
25
+from colab_cli.client import Client, Prod
26
+from colab_cli.history import HistoryLogger
27
+from colab_cli.state import StateStore, SettingsStore
28
+
29
+
30
+class State:
31
+ def __init__(self):
32
+ self.client_oauth_config = os.path.expanduser("~/.colab-cli-oauth-config.json")
33
+ self.config_path = None
34
+ self.logtostderr = False
35
+ self.auth_provider = AuthProvider.OAUTH2
36
+ self._client = None
37
+ self._store = None
38
+ self._settings_store = None
39
+ self._history = None
40
+ self._sessions = None
41
+
42
+ @property
43
+ def store(self):
44
+ if self._store is None:
45
+ self._store = StateStore(self.config_path)
46
+ return self._store
47
+
48
+ @property
49
+ def settings_store(self):
50
+ if self._settings_store is None:
51
+ # We don't currently allow overriding settings path via CLI,
52
+ # but we could if needed. For now, use default.
53
+ self._settings_store = SettingsStore()
54
+ return self._settings_store
55
+
56
+ @property
57
+ def history(self):
58
+ if self._history is None:
59
+ self._history = HistoryLogger()
60
+ return self._history
61
+
62
+ @property
63
+ def client(self):
64
+ if self._client is None:
65
+ creds = get_credentials(
66
+ self.client_oauth_config, provider=self.auth_provider
67
+ )
68
+ self._client = Client(Prod(), creds)
69
+ return self._client
70
+
71
+ def prune_session(self, name: str):
72
+ """Removes a session from local state and kills its keep-alive process."""
73
+ s = self.store.get(name)
74
+ if s and s.keep_alive_pid:
75
+ kill_process(s.keep_alive_pid)
76
+ self.store.remove(name)
77
+ if self._sessions and name in self._sessions:
78
+ del self._sessions[name]
79
+ self.history.log_event(name, "session_terminated", {"reason": "pruned"})
80
+
81
+ def sync_sessions(self):
82
+ if self._sessions is not None:
83
+ return self._sessions, self.client.list_assignments()
84
+
85
+ # Check local store first. If it's empty, we don't necessarily need to hit the backend
86
+ # unless we are specifically looking for server-side assignments (e.g. 'colab sessions').
87
+ local_sessions = self.store.list()
88
+ if not local_sessions:
89
+ self._sessions = {}
90
+ # We still need to return assignments for 'colab sessions' to work
91
+ # But we only trigger client creation (and thus auth) if we have to.
92
+ try:
93
+ assignments = self.client.list_assignments()
94
+ except SystemExit:
95
+ # If auth fails, we just return empty assignments
96
+ assignments = []
97
+ return self._sessions, assignments
98
+
99
+ assignments = self.client.list_assignments()
100
+ active_endpoints = {a.endpoint for a in assignments}
101
+
102
+ self._sessions = local_sessions
103
+ pruned = 0
104
+ for name, s in list(self._sessions.items()):
105
+ if s.endpoint not in active_endpoints:
106
+ self.prune_session(name)
107
+ pruned += 1
108
+
109
+ if pruned > 0:
110
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Pruned {pruned} stale local session(s).")
111
+
112
+ return self._sessions, assignments
113
+
114
+ def resolve_session(self, session_name: Optional[str]) -> str:
115
+ if session_name:
116
+ return session_name
117
+
118
+ # Check local store first to avoid hitting the backend (and triggering auth) if we don't have to
119
+ local_sessions = self.store.list()
120
+ if not local_sessions:
121
+ typer.echo(
122
+ "[colab] Error: No active sessions found. Create one with 'colab new'."
123
+ )
124
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
125
+
126
+ # If we have local sessions, we need to sync to make sure they are still valid.
127
+ # This will trigger auth if valid credentials are not present.
128
+ sessions, _ = self.sync_sessions()
129
+ active_names = list(sessions.keys())
130
+
131
+ if len(active_names) == 1:
132
+ name = active_names[0]
133
+ typer.echo(f"[colab] Using unique session '{name}'.")
134
+ return name
135
+ elif len(active_names) > 1:
136
+ typer.echo(
137
+ f"[colab] Error: Multiple active sessions found. Specify one with -s: {', '.join(active_names)}"
138
+ )
139
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
140
+ else:
141
+ typer.echo(
142
+ "[colab] Error: No active sessions found. Create one with 'colab new'."
143
+ )
144
+ raise typer.Exit(1)
145
+
146
+
147
+state = State()
148
+
149
+
150
+def kill_process(pid: int):
151
+ """Safely terminates a process by PID."""
152
+ if not pid:
153
+ return
154
+ try:
155
+ os.kill(pid, signal.SIGTERM)
156
+ # Give it a moment to exit
157
+ for _ in range(5):
158
+ time.sleep(0.1)
159
+ os.kill(pid, 0)
160
+ except OSError:
161
+ # Already dead
162
+ pass
163
+ except Exception:
164
+ logging.debug(f"Failed to kill process {pid}")
165
+
166
+
167
+def setup_logging(log_to_stderr: bool):
168
+ log_format = "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
169
+ logger = logging.getLogger()
170
+ logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
171
+
172
+ requests_log = logging.getLogger("urllib3")
173
+ requests_log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
174
+ requests_log.propagate = True
175
+
176
+ log_dir = os.path.expanduser("~/.config/colab-cli")
177
+ os.makedirs(log_dir, exist_ok=True)
178
+ file_handler = logging.FileHandler(os.path.join(log_dir, "colab.log"))
179
+ file_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(log_format))
180
+ logger.addHandler(file_handler)
181
+
182
+ if log_to_stderr:
183
+ stream_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
184
+ stream_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(log_format))
185
+ logger.addHandler(stream_handler)
src/colab_cli/console.py
new
+172
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import json
16
+import logging
17
+import os
18
+import signal
19
+import sys
20
+import termios
21
+import threading
22
+import time
23
+import tty
24
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
25
+
26
+import websocket
27
+
28
+from colab_cli.state import SessionState
29
+
30
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
31
+
32
+# Global flag to stop the read thread when the websocket closes
33
+_is_running = False
34
+_last_error = None
35
+
36
+# When stdin is piped and reaches EOF, we send "exit\n" to the remote shell and
37
+# then wait this many seconds for any remaining output (the shell's goodbye,
38
+# tmux teardown messages, etc.) to flush before closing the websocket from the
39
+# client side. Empirically 0.5s is enough for the typical /colab/tty backend
40
+# wrapped in tmux + bash; bumping it just delays exit, lowering it risks
41
+# truncating tail output.
42
+PIPED_EOF_GRACE_SECONDS = 0.5
43
+
44
+
45
+def on_message(ws, message):
46
+ """Callback for when a message is received from the server."""
47
+ try:
48
+ data = json.loads(message)
49
+ if "data" in data:
50
+ # The backend sends raw ANSI escape sequences and string content.
51
+ # We write it directly to stdout buffer to avoid python print() formatting.
52
+ sys.stdout.buffer.write(data["data"].encode("utf-8"))
53
+ sys.stdout.buffer.flush()
54
+ except Exception as e:
55
+ logger.debug(f"Error parsing message: {e}")
56
+
57
+
58
+def on_error(ws, error):
59
+ """Callback for when a websocket error occurs."""
60
+ global _last_error
61
+ _last_error = error
62
+ logger.error(f"WebSocket Error: {error}")
63
+
64
+
65
+def on_close(ws, close_status_code, close_msg):
66
+ """Callback for when the websocket is closed."""
67
+ global _is_running
68
+ _is_running = False
69
+
70
+
71
+def send_terminal_size(ws):
72
+ """Sends the current terminal size to the remote backend."""
73
+ try:
74
+ size = os.get_terminal_size()
75
+ payload = json.dumps({"cols": size.columns, "rows": size.lines})
76
+ ws.send(payload)
77
+ except Exception as e:
78
+ logger.debug(f"Failed to send terminal size: {e}")
79
+
80
+
81
+def on_open(ws):
82
+ """Callback for when the websocket connection is opened."""
83
+ global _is_running
84
+ _is_running = True
85
+
86
+ # Send initial terminal size
87
+ send_terminal_size(ws)
88
+
89
+ # Setup the background thread to read from stdin
90
+ def read_stdin():
91
+ is_tty = sys.stdin.isatty()
92
+ while _is_running:
93
+ try:
94
+ # Read a single character (or escape sequence byte)
95
+ char = sys.stdin.read(1)
96
+ if not char:
97
+ if not is_tty:
98
+ # Piped input has reached EOF. The remote /colab/tty
99
+ # endpoint wraps bash in tmux which intercepts \x04
100
+ # (Ctrl-D) as a literal character, so it never exits.
101
+ # Instead send "exit\n" so bash voluntarily terminates,
102
+ # wait a short grace period for the shell's goodbye
103
+ # output to drain back to us, then close the websocket
104
+ # ourselves to guarantee the client unblocks.
105
+ try:
106
+ ws.send(json.dumps({"data": "exit\n"}))
107
+ except Exception:
108
+ pass
109
+ time.sleep(PIPED_EOF_GRACE_SECONDS)
110
+ try:
111
+ ws.close()
112
+ except Exception:
113
+ pass
114
+ break
115
+ ws.send(json.dumps({"data": char}))
116
+ except Exception:
117
+ break
118
+
119
+ thread = threading.Thread(target=read_stdin, daemon=True)
120
+ thread.start()
121
+
122
+
123
+def connect_console(session: SessionState):
124
+ """
125
+ Connects to the Colab TTY endpoint and sets up a raw terminal session.
126
+ """
127
+ global _is_running, _last_error
128
+ _last_error = None
129
+
130
+ # Construct the WebSocket URL from the base URL
131
+ parsed = urlparse(session.url)
132
+ ws_scheme = "wss" if parsed.scheme == "https" else "ws"
133
+ ws_url = f"{ws_scheme}://{parsed.netloc}/colab/tty?colab-runtime-proxy-token={session.token}"
134
+
135
+ is_tty = sys.stdin.isatty()
136
+ fd = sys.stdin.fileno() if is_tty else None
137
+ old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd) if is_tty else None
138
+
139
+ ws = websocket.WebSocketApp(
140
+ url=ws_url,
141
+ on_open=on_open,
142
+ on_message=on_message,
143
+ on_error=on_error,
144
+ on_close=on_close,
145
+ )
146
+
147
+ def handle_sigwinch(signum, frame):
148
+ """Handle window resize events."""
149
+ if _is_running:
150
+ send_terminal_size(ws)
151
+
152
+ try:
153
+ if is_tty:
154
+ tty.setraw(fd, termios.TCSANOW)
155
+ signal.signal(signal.SIGWINCH, handle_sigwinch)
156
+
157
+ # This is a blocking call until the connection is closed
158
+ ws.run_forever()
159
+
160
+ if _last_error:
161
+ # Re-raise or wrap terminal errors
162
+ err_msg = str(_last_error)
163
+ if "404" in err_msg or "401" in err_msg:
164
+ # We raise a standard exception that the caller can recognize
165
+ raise RuntimeError(f"Connection failed: {err_msg}")
166
+ finally:
167
+ if is_tty:
168
+ # Always ensure the terminal is restored to its original state
169
+ termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, old_settings)
170
+ # Restore the default signal handler for resize
171
+ signal.signal(signal.SIGWINCH, signal.SIG_DFL)
172
+ print("\r\nConnection closed.")
src/colab_cli/contents.py
new
+93
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import base64
16
+from urllib.parse import quote
17
+
18
+import requests
19
+
20
+from colab_cli.state import SessionState
21
+from colab_cli.utils import get_status_code
22
+
23
+
24
+class ContentsClient:
25
+ def __init__(self, session_state: SessionState):
26
+ self.base_url = session_state.url.rstrip("/")
27
+ self.token = session_state.token
28
+
29
+ def _request(
30
+ self, method: str, path: str, params: dict = None, json_data: dict = None
31
+ ):
32
+ # Quote the path, but don't encode slashes so directory paths stay intact
33
+ quoted_path = quote(path.strip("/"), safe="/")
34
+ url = f"{self.base_url}/api/contents/{quoted_path}"
35
+
36
+ req_params = {"authuser": "0", "colab-runtime-proxy-token": self.token}
37
+ if params:
38
+ req_params.update(params)
39
+
40
+ response = requests.request(method, url, params=req_params, json=json_data)
41
+
42
+ if get_status_code(response) == 404:
43
+ raise FileNotFoundError(f"File or directory not found: {path}")
44
+
45
+ response.raise_for_status()
46
+
47
+ # DELETE doesn't return JSON
48
+ if method == "DELETE":
49
+ return None
50
+
51
+ return response.json()
52
+
53
+ def list_dir(self, path: str):
54
+ return self._request("GET", path)
55
+
56
+ def upload(self, local_path: str, remote_path: str):
57
+ with open(local_path, "rb") as f:
58
+ content = f.read()
59
+
60
+ b64_content = base64.b64encode(content).decode("ascii")
61
+ filename = remote_path.split("/")[-1]
62
+
63
+ payload = {
64
+ "name": filename,
65
+ "path": remote_path,
66
+ "type": "file",
67
+ "format": "base64",
68
+ "content": b64_content,
69
+ "chunk": 1,
70
+ }
71
+
72
+ return self._request("PUT", remote_path, json_data=payload)
73
+
74
+ def download(self, remote_path: str, local_path: str):
75
+ data = self._request("GET", remote_path, params={"content": "1"})
76
+
77
+ if data.get("type") == "directory":
78
+ raise IsADirectoryError(f"Cannot download a directory: {remote_path}")
79
+
80
+ content = data.get("content", "")
81
+ fmt = data.get("format")
82
+
83
+ if fmt == "base64":
84
+ content_bytes = base64.b64decode(content)
85
+ else:
86
+ # Assume text if it's not base64 explicitly encoded
87
+ content_bytes = str(content).encode("utf-8")
88
+
89
+ with open(local_path, "wb") as f:
90
+ f.write(content_bytes)
91
+
92
+ def rm(self, remote_path: str):
93
+ self._request("DELETE", remote_path)
src/colab_cli/converter.py
new
+184
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import nbformat
16
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
17
+import json
18
+import os
19
+import uuid
20
+
21
+
22
+def export_history(events: List[Dict[str, Any]], session_name: str, output_path: str):
23
+ """
24
+ Exports history based on file extension.
25
+ """
26
+ ext = os.path.splitext(output_path)[1].lower()
27
+
28
+ if ext == ".ipynb":
29
+ nb = convert_history_to_ipynb(events, session_name)
30
+ with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
31
+ nbformat.write(nb, f)
32
+
33
+ elif ext == ".jsonl":
34
+ with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
35
+ for event in events:
36
+ f.write(json.dumps(event) + "\n")
37
+
38
+ elif ext == ".md":
39
+ with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
40
+ f.write(f"# Colab Session: {session_name}\n\n")
41
+ for event in events:
42
+ ts = event.get("timestamp", "").split(".")[0].replace("T", " ")
43
+ etype = event.get("event_type")
44
+ if etype == "execution":
45
+ code = event.get("code", "")
46
+ f.write(f"### Execution ({ts})\n```python\n{code}\n```\n\n")
47
+ for o in event.get("outputs", []):
48
+ if "text" in o:
49
+ f.write(f"**Output**:\n```\n{o['text']}```\n\n")
50
+ elif etype == "session_created":
51
+ f.write(
52
+ f"## Session Created: {ts}\n- Endpoint: `{event.get('endpoint')}`\n\n"
53
+ )
54
+ elif etype == "file_operation":
55
+ f.write(
56
+ f"*File Operation*: `{event.get('op')}` on `{event.get('path', event.get('remote', ''))}`\n\n"
57
+ )
58
+
59
+ elif ext == ".txt":
60
+ with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
61
+ f.write(f"Colab Session: {session_name}\n" + "=" * 20 + "\n\n")
62
+ for event in events:
63
+ ts = event.get("timestamp", "").split(".")[0].replace("T", " ")
64
+ etype = event.get("event_type", "unknown")
65
+ f.write(f"[{ts}] {etype.upper()}: ")
66
+ if etype == "execution":
67
+ f.write(event.get("code", "").strip() + "\n")
68
+ else:
69
+ f.write(str(event) + "\n")
70
+
71
+ else:
72
+ print(f"[colab] Unsupported export format: {ext}")
73
+ return
74
+
75
+ print(f"[colab] Exported history to '{output_path}'.")
76
+
77
+
78
+def convert_history_to_ipynb(
79
+ events: List[Dict[str, Any]], session_name: str
80
+) -> nbformat.NotebookNode:
81
+ """
82
+ Converts a list of session events to a Jupyter Notebook (v4).
83
+ """
84
+ nb = nbformat.v4.new_notebook()
85
+ nb.metadata.kernelspec = {
86
+ "display_name": "Python 3 (Google Colab)",
87
+ "language": "python",
88
+ "name": "python3",
89
+ }
90
+
91
+ title = f"# Colab Session: {session_name}\nGenerated from colab-cli history log."
92
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_markdown_cell(title)
93
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
94
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
95
+
96
+ for event in events:
97
+ etype = event.get("event_type")
98
+ ts = event.get("timestamp", "").split(".")[0].replace("T", " ")
99
+
100
+ if etype == "session_created":
101
+ meta = f"**Session Created**: {ts}\n- Endpoint: `{event.get('endpoint')}`\n- Hardware: `{event.get('accelerator')}`"
102
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_markdown_cell(meta)
103
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
104
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
105
+
106
+ elif etype == "execution":
107
+ code = event.get("code", "")
108
+ # Check for shell commands (starting with ! or from piped console)
109
+ # If it's a raw shell command from a console pipe, wrap it in %%bash if it doesn't have !
110
+ if event.get("source") == "piped" and not code.startswith("!"):
111
+ code = "%%bash\n" + code
112
+
113
+ outputs = _map_outputs(event.get("outputs", []))
114
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_code_cell(code, outputs=outputs)
115
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
116
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
117
+
118
+ elif etype == "automation":
119
+ op = event.get("op")
120
+ code = event.get("code", "")
121
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_markdown_cell(f"### Automation: {op} ({ts})")
122
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
123
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
124
+ if code:
125
+ # Get the result from the next event if it's automation_result
126
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_code_cell(code)
127
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
128
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
129
+
130
+ elif etype == "automation_result":
131
+ # We can attach these outputs to the previous automation cell if we were more clever,
132
+ # but for now let's just ensure we capture the output.
133
+ if event.get("outputs"):
134
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_code_cell(
135
+ "# Result of previous automation",
136
+ outputs=_map_outputs(event.get("outputs")),
137
+ )
138
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
139
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
140
+
141
+ elif etype == "file_operation":
142
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_markdown_cell(
143
+ f"*File Operation*: `{event.get('op')}` on `{event.get('path', event.get('remote', ''))}`"
144
+ )
145
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
146
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
147
+
148
+ elif etype == "stdin_request":
149
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_markdown_cell(
150
+ f"> **Input Requested**: {event.get('prompt')}"
151
+ )
152
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
153
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
154
+
155
+ elif etype == "input_reply":
156
+ cell = nbformat.v4.new_markdown_cell(
157
+ f"> **User Input**: `{event.get('value')}`"
158
+ )
159
+ cell.id = str(uuid.uuid4())
160
+ nb.cells.append(cell)
161
+
162
+ return nb
163
+
164
+
165
+def _map_outputs(outputs: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[nbformat.NotebookNode]:
166
+ nb_outputs = []
167
+ for o in outputs:
168
+ otype = o.get("output_type")
169
+ if "text" in o:
170
+ nb_outputs.append(
171
+ nbformat.v4.new_output("stream", name="stdout", text=o["text"])
172
+ )
173
+ elif "data" in o:
174
+ nb_outputs.append(nbformat.v4.new_output("display_data", data=o["data"]))
175
+ elif otype == "error":
176
+ nb_outputs.append(
177
+ nbformat.v4.new_output(
178
+ "error",
179
+ ename=o.get("ename", "Error"),
180
+ evalue=o.get("evalue", ""),
181
+ traceback=o.get("traceback", []),
182
+ )
183
+ )
184
+ return nb_outputs
src/colab_cli/history.py
new
+65
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import datetime
16
+import json
17
+import os
18
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
19
+
20
+
21
+class HistoryLogger:
22
+ def __init__(self, log_dir: str = "~/.config/colab-cli/history"):
23
+ self.log_dir = os.path.expanduser(log_dir)
24
+ os.makedirs(self.log_dir, exist_ok=True)
25
+
26
+ def _get_log_path(self, session_name: str) -> str:
27
+ return os.path.join(self.log_dir, f"{session_name}.jsonl")
28
+
29
+ def log_event(self, session_name: str, event_type: str, data: Dict[str, Any]):
30
+ """
31
+ Appends a structured event to the session's history file.
32
+
33
+ event_types:
34
+ - session_created
35
+ - session_terminated
36
+ - execution (code + outputs)
37
+ - input_requested (stdin prompts/replies)
38
+ - file_operation (ls, rm, upload, download)
39
+ - automation (auth, install, drivemount)
40
+ """
41
+ log_path = self._get_log_path(session_name)
42
+ event = {
43
+ "timestamp": datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc).isoformat(),
44
+ "event_type": event_type,
45
+ **data,
46
+ }
47
+ with open(log_path, "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
48
+ f.write(json.dumps(event) + "\n")
49
+
50
+ def list_sessions(self) -> List[str]:
51
+ if not os.path.exists(self.log_dir):
52
+ return []
53
+ return [f[:-6] for f in os.listdir(self.log_dir) if f.endswith(".jsonl")]
54
+
55
+ def get_history(self, session_name: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
56
+ log_path = self._get_log_path(session_name)
57
+ if not os.path.exists(log_path):
58
+ return []
59
+
60
+ history = []
61
+ with open(log_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
62
+ for line in f:
63
+ if line.strip():
64
+ history.append(json.loads(line))
65
+ return history
src/colab_cli/repl.py
new
+173
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import datetime
16
+from typing import Any, List, Optional
17
+
18
+from prompt_toolkit import PromptSession
19
+from prompt_toolkit.history import InMemoryHistory
20
+from prompt_toolkit.key_binding import KeyBindings
21
+from prompt_toolkit.lexers import PygmentsLexer
22
+from prompt_toolkit.styles import Style
23
+from pygments.lexers.python import PythonLexer
24
+from rich.console import Console
25
+from rich.text import Text
26
+
27
+from colab_cli.runtime import ColabRuntime
28
+from colab_cli.utils import handle_image
29
+
30
+console = Console()
31
+
32
+
33
+class ColabREPL:
34
+ def __init__(
35
+ self,
36
+ runtime: ColabRuntime,
37
+ session_name: Optional[str] = None,
38
+ history_logger: Optional[Any] = None,
39
+ output_image: Optional[str] = None,
40
+ ):
41
+ self.runtime = runtime
42
+ self.session_name = session_name
43
+ self.history_logger = history_logger
44
+ self.output_image = output_image
45
+ self.kb = KeyBindings()
46
+ self.console = console
47
+ self.repl_history: List[dict] = []
48
+
49
+ @self.kb.add("enter")
50
+ def _(event):
51
+ event.current_buffer.validate_and_handle()
52
+
53
+ @self.kb.add("escape", "enter")
54
+ @self.kb.add("c-j")
55
+ def _(event):
56
+ event.current_buffer.insert_text("\n")
57
+
58
+ self.session = PromptSession(
59
+ history=InMemoryHistory(),
60
+ lexer=PygmentsLexer(PythonLexer),
61
+ include_default_pygments_style=False,
62
+ key_bindings=self.kb,
63
+ multiline=True,
64
+ )
65
+ self.style = Style.from_dict(
66
+ {
67
+ "prompt": "bold blue",
68
+ "continuation": "#888888",
69
+ }
70
+ )
71
+
72
+ def print_info(self, message: str):
73
+ self.console.print(f"[bold blue][*][/bold blue] {message}")
74
+
75
+ def print_error(self, message: str):
76
+ self.console.print(f"[bold red][!][/bold red] {message}")
77
+
78
+ def display_output(self, output: dict):
79
+ if "text" in output:
80
+ self.console.print(Text.from_ansi(output["text"]), end="")
81
+ elif "data" in output:
82
+ data = output["data"]
83
+
84
+ # Check for images first
85
+ image_displayed = False
86
+ for mime_type in ["image/png", "image/jpeg"]:
87
+ if mime_type in data:
88
+ handle_image(
89
+ data[mime_type], mime_type, target_path=self.output_image
90
+ )
91
+ image_displayed = True
92
+ break
93
+
94
+ if "text/plain" in data:
95
+ text = data["text/plain"]
96
+ # Skip generic IPython object reprs if we already showed an image
97
+ if image_displayed and any(
98
+ x in text for x in ["<IPython.core.display.Image", "<Figure size"]
99
+ ):
100
+ return
101
+ self.console.print(Text.from_ansi(text))
102
+ elif output.get("output_type") == "error":
103
+ ename = output.get("ename", "Error")
104
+ evalue = output.get("evalue", "")
105
+ traceback = output.get("traceback", [])
106
+ if traceback:
107
+ self.console.print(Text.from_ansi("".join(traceback)))
108
+ else:
109
+ self.print_error(f"{ename}: {evalue}")
110
+
111
+ def execute(self, code: str):
112
+ if self.session_name:
113
+ from colab_cli.common import state
114
+
115
+ s = state.store.get(self.session_name)
116
+ if s:
117
+ s.last_execution = (
118
+ "REPL",
119
+ None,
120
+ datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
121
+ )
122
+ state.store.add(s)
123
+
124
+ try:
125
+ outputs = self.runtime.execute_code(
126
+ code, output_hook=lambda o: self.display_output(o)
127
+ )
128
+ # Ensure next prompt starts on a newline after streaming
129
+ print()
130
+
131
+ self.repl_history.append({"input": code, "outputs": outputs or []})
132
+ if self.history_logger and self.session_name:
133
+ self.history_logger.log_event(
134
+ self.session_name,
135
+ "execution",
136
+ {"code": code, "outputs": outputs or []},
137
+ )
138
+ except Exception as e:
139
+ self.print_error(f"Execution failed: {e}")
140
+
141
+ def run(self):
142
+ self.console.print("Python 3 (Google Colab Runtime)\nType /quit to exit.")
143
+
144
+ while True:
145
+ try:
146
+ result = self.session.prompt(
147
+ ">>> ",
148
+ style=self.style,
149
+ )
150
+
151
+ if result is None:
152
+ continue
153
+
154
+ code = result.strip()
155
+
156
+ if not code:
157
+ continue
158
+
159
+ if code.lower() in ("/quit", "quit()", "exit()"):
160
+ break
161
+
162
+ self.execute(code)
163
+
164
+ except EOFError:
165
+ break
166
+ except KeyboardInterrupt:
167
+ print()
168
+ continue
169
+ except Exception as e:
170
+ self.print_error(f"REPL Error: {e}")
171
+
172
+ self.print_info("Goodbye!")
173
+ self.runtime.stop()
src/colab_cli/runtime.py
new
+243
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import logging
16
+import time
17
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional
18
+
19
+import jupyter_kernel_client
20
+import requests
21
+
22
+
23
+class ColabRuntime:
24
+ def __init__(
25
+ self,
26
+ url: str,
27
+ token: str,
28
+ session_name: Optional[str] = None,
29
+ history: Optional[Any] = None,
30
+ kernel_id: Optional[str] = None,
31
+ session_id: Optional[str] = None,
32
+ on_kernel_started: Optional[Callable[[str], None]] = None,
33
+ on_session_started: Optional[Callable[[str], None]] = None,
34
+ ):
35
+ self.url = url
36
+ self.token = token
37
+ self.session_name = session_name
38
+ self.history = history
39
+ self.kernel_id = kernel_id
40
+ self.session_id = session_id
41
+ self.on_kernel_started = on_kernel_started
42
+ self.on_session_started = on_session_started
43
+ self._kernel_client = None
44
+ self.colab_request_hook: Optional[Callable[[Dict[str, Any], Any], None]] = None
45
+
46
+ def _apply_ws_hook(self):
47
+ wsclient = self._kernel_client._manager.client
48
+ original_on_message = wsclient.kernel_socket.on_message
49
+
50
+ def hooked_on_message(s_ws, message):
51
+ if not self.colab_request_hook:
52
+ return original_on_message(s_ws, message)
53
+
54
+ try:
55
+ from jupyter_kernel_client.wsclient import JupyterSubprotocol
56
+
57
+ if wsclient._subprotocol == JupyterSubprotocol.DEFAULT:
58
+ from jupyter_kernel_client.wsclient import (
59
+ deserialize_msg_from_ws_default,
60
+ )
61
+
62
+ deserialize_msg = deserialize_msg_from_ws_default(message)
63
+ elif wsclient._subprotocol == JupyterSubprotocol.V1:
64
+ from jupyter_kernel_client.wsclient import (
65
+ deserialize_msg_from_ws_v1,
66
+ )
67
+
68
+ channel, msg_list = deserialize_msg_from_ws_v1(message)
69
+ deserialize_msg = wsclient.session.deserialize(msg_list)
70
+ else:
71
+ deserialize_msg = None
72
+
73
+ if deserialize_msg:
74
+ msg_type = deserialize_msg.get("msg_type")
75
+ if msg_type == "colab_request":
76
+ # We pass the deserialized msg and the wsclient to the hook
77
+ if self.colab_request_hook(deserialize_msg, wsclient):
78
+ # If the hook returns True, we intercept and do NOT pass to original
79
+ return
80
+
81
+ except Exception as e:
82
+ logging.debug(f"Error in colab_request hook: {e}")
83
+
84
+ # Call original for all other messages
85
+ original_on_message(s_ws, message)
86
+
87
+ wsclient.kernel_socket.on_message = hooked_on_message
88
+
89
+ @property
90
+ def kernel_client(self):
91
+ if not self._kernel_client:
92
+ retries = 3
93
+ backoff = 2
94
+ last_err = None
95
+
96
+ for i in range(retries):
97
+ try:
98
+ client_kwargs = {
99
+ "subprotocol": jupyter_kernel_client.JupyterSubprotocol.DEFAULT,
100
+ "extra_params": {"colab-runtime-proxy-token": self.token},
101
+ }
102
+ if self.session_id:
103
+ # WSSession (Session) expects 'session' for the ID
104
+ client_kwargs["session"] = self.session_id
105
+
106
+ self._kernel_client = jupyter_kernel_client.KernelClient(
107
+ server_url=self.url,
108
+ token=self.token,
109
+ kernel_id=self.kernel_id,
110
+ client_kwargs=client_kwargs,
111
+ headers={
112
+ "X-Colab-Client-Agent": "colab-cli",
113
+ "X-Colab-Runtime-Proxy-Token": self.token,
114
+ },
115
+ )
116
+ # Force _own_kernel to False. This prevents jupyter-kernel-client
117
+ # from automatically deleting the kernel when the client is closed or deleted.
118
+ self._kernel_client._own_kernel = False
119
+
120
+ self._kernel_client.start()
121
+ self._apply_ws_hook()
122
+
123
+ # Capture IDs if we started fresh
124
+ if not self.kernel_id and self._kernel_client.id:
125
+ self.kernel_id = self._kernel_client.id
126
+ if self.on_kernel_started:
127
+ self.on_kernel_started(self.kernel_id)
128
+
129
+ if (
130
+ not self.session_id
131
+ and self._kernel_client._manager.client.session.session
132
+ ):
133
+ self.session_id = (
134
+ self._kernel_client._manager.client.session.session
135
+ )
136
+ if self.on_session_started:
137
+ self.on_session_started(self.session_id)
138
+ break
139
+ except (
140
+ requests.exceptions.ReadTimeout,
141
+ requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout,
142
+ ) as e:
143
+ last_err = e
144
+ if i < retries - 1:
145
+ sleep_time = backoff ** (i + 1)
146
+ logging.debug(
147
+ f"Kernel startup timeout, retrying in {sleep_time}s..."
148
+ f" ({i + 1}/{retries})"
149
+ )
150
+ time.sleep(sleep_time)
151
+ else:
152
+ raise last_err
153
+ except Exception as e:
154
+ raise e
155
+
156
+ return self._kernel_client
157
+
158
+ def execute_code(
159
+ self,
160
+ code: str,
161
+ allow_stdin: bool = False,
162
+ stdin_hook: Any = None,
163
+ output_hook: Optional[Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], None]] = None,
164
+ ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
165
+ kwargs = {"allow_stdin": allow_stdin}
166
+
167
+ # Wrap stdin_hook to log inputs
168
+ original_stdin_hook = stdin_hook
169
+
170
+ def wrapped_stdin_hook(prompt):
171
+ if self.history and self.session_name:
172
+ self.history.log_event(
173
+ self.session_name, "stdin_request", {"prompt": prompt}
174
+ )
175
+
176
+ res = original_stdin_hook(prompt) if original_stdin_hook else input(prompt)
177
+
178
+ if self.history and self.session_name:
179
+ self.history.log_event(self.session_name, "input_reply", {"value": res})
180
+ return res
181
+
182
+ if allow_stdin:
183
+ kwargs["stdin_hook"] = wrapped_stdin_hook
184
+
185
+ if output_hook:
186
+ # If we have an output hook, we use execute_interactive and manage buffering ourselves
187
+ outputs = []
188
+
189
+ def wrapped_output_hook(msg):
190
+ from jupyter_kernel_client.client import (
191
+ output_hook as default_output_hook,
192
+ )
193
+
194
+ # Update local outputs list using the default logic
195
+ new_indexes = default_output_hook(outputs, msg)
196
+ # If new outputs were added, call our streaming hook with the new data
197
+ if new_indexes:
198
+ for idx in sorted(new_indexes):
199
+ if idx < len(outputs):
200
+ output_hook(outputs[idx])
201
+
202
+ reply = self.kernel_client.execute_interactive(
203
+ code, output_hook=wrapped_output_hook, **kwargs
204
+ )
205
+ # execute_interactive returns the raw reply message
206
+ reply_content = reply["content"] if reply else {"status": "error"}
207
+ else:
208
+ reply = self.kernel_client.execute(code, **kwargs)
209
+ if not reply:
210
+ return []
211
+ outputs = reply.get("outputs", [])
212
+ reply_content = reply
213
+
214
+ # If there's an error status but no error in outputs, synthesize one
215
+ if reply_content.get("status") == "error":
216
+ has_error_output = any(o.get("output_type") == "error" for o in outputs)
217
+ if not has_error_output:
218
+ outputs.append(
219
+ {
220
+ "output_type": "error",
221
+ "ename": reply_content.get("ename", "Error"),
222
+ "evalue": reply_content.get("evalue", "Unknown error"),
223
+ "traceback": reply_content.get("traceback", []),
224
+ }
225
+ )
226
+
227
+ return outputs
228
+
229
+ def stop(self, shutdown_kernel: bool = False):
230
+ if self._kernel_client:
231
+ try:
232
+ # We manage kernel lifecycle explicitly.
233
+ # To prevent automatic shutdown, we bypass the manager's stop() and
234
+ # directly close the channels and socket.
235
+ client = self._kernel_client._manager.client
236
+ client.stop_channels()
237
+ if client.kernel_socket:
238
+ client.kernel_socket.close()
239
+
240
+ if shutdown_kernel:
241
+ self._kernel_client._manager.shutdown_kernel(now=True)
242
+ except Exception:
243
+ logging.exception("Error stopping kernel client")
src/colab_cli/state.py
new
+152
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import contextlib
16
+import json
17
+import os
18
+import fcntl
19
+from datetime import datetime
20
+from typing import Dict, Optional, Tuple, Iterator, IO
21
+from pydantic import BaseModel
22
+
23
+
24
+class SessionState(BaseModel):
25
+ name: str
26
+ token: str
27
+ url: str
28
+ endpoint: str
29
+ variant: str = "DEFAULT"
30
+ accelerator: str = "NONE"
31
+ kernel_id: Optional[str] = None
32
+ session_id: Optional[str] = None
33
+ last_execution: Optional[Tuple[str, Optional[str], str]] = None
34
+ running: Optional[str] = None
35
+ keep_alive_pid: Optional[int] = None
36
+
37
+
38
+class Settings(BaseModel):
39
+ update_url: str = "https://pypi.org/pypi/google-colab-cli/json"
40
+ last_check: Optional[datetime] = None
41
+ enable_update_check: bool = True
42
+ # Highest version seen on the update source; cached for the banner.
43
+ latest_version: Optional[str] = None
44
+
45
+
46
+class _LockedFileStore:
47
+ def __init__(self, path: str):
48
+ self.path = path
49
+ self._ensure_dir()
50
+
51
+ def _ensure_dir(self):
52
+ os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(self.path), exist_ok=True)
53
+
54
+ def _write_data(self, f: IO, data: str):
55
+ f.seek(0)
56
+ f.truncate()
57
+ f.write(data)
58
+ f.flush()
59
+ os.fsync(f.fileno())
60
+
61
+ @contextlib.contextmanager
62
+ def _lock_shared(self) -> Iterator[Optional[IO]]:
63
+ if not os.path.exists(self.path):
64
+ yield None
65
+ return
66
+ with open(self.path, "r") as f:
67
+ fcntl.flock(f, fcntl.LOCK_SH)
68
+ try:
69
+ yield f
70
+ finally:
71
+ fcntl.flock(f, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
72
+
73
+ @contextlib.contextmanager
74
+ def _lock_exclusive(self) -> Iterator[IO]:
75
+ with open(self.path, "a+") as f:
76
+ fcntl.flock(f, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
77
+ try:
78
+ yield f
79
+ finally:
80
+ fcntl.flock(f, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
81
+
82
+
83
+class SettingsStore(_LockedFileStore):
84
+ def __init__(self, path: Optional[str] = None):
85
+ if not path:
86
+ path = os.path.expanduser("~/.config/colab-cli/settings.json")
87
+ super().__init__(path)
88
+
89
+ def load(self) -> Settings:
90
+ with self._lock_shared() as f:
91
+ if f is None:
92
+ return Settings()
93
+ try:
94
+ content = f.read()
95
+ if not content or content.isspace():
96
+ return Settings()
97
+ data = json.loads(content)
98
+ return Settings.model_validate(data)
99
+ except Exception:
100
+ return Settings()
101
+
102
+ def save(self, settings: Settings):
103
+ with self._lock_exclusive() as f:
104
+ self._write_data(f, settings.model_dump_json(indent=2))
105
+
106
+
107
+class StateStore(_LockedFileStore):
108
+ def __init__(self, path: Optional[str] = None):
109
+ if not path:
110
+ path = os.path.expanduser("~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json")
111
+ super().__init__(path)
112
+
113
+ def _load_raw(self, f) -> Dict[str, SessionState]:
114
+ try:
115
+ f.seek(0)
116
+ content = f.read()
117
+ if not content or content.isspace():
118
+ return {}
119
+ data = json.loads(content)
120
+ return {k: SessionState(**v) for k, v in data.items()}
121
+ except Exception:
122
+ return {}
123
+
124
+ def _save_raw(self, f, sessions: Dict[str, SessionState]):
125
+ content = json.dumps({k: v.model_dump() for k, v in sessions.items()}, indent=2)
126
+ self._write_data(f, content)
127
+
128
+ def add(self, state: SessionState):
129
+ with self._lock_exclusive() as f:
130
+ sessions = self._load_raw(f)
131
+ sessions[state.name] = state
132
+ self._save_raw(f, sessions)
133
+
134
+ def get(self, name: str) -> Optional[SessionState]:
135
+ with self._lock_shared() as f:
136
+ if f is None:
137
+ return None
138
+ sessions = self._load_raw(f)
139
+ return sessions.get(name)
140
+
141
+ def remove(self, name: str):
142
+ with self._lock_exclusive() as f:
143
+ sessions = self._load_raw(f)
144
+ if name in sessions:
145
+ del sessions[name]
146
+ self._save_raw(f, sessions)
147
+
148
+ def list(self) -> Dict[str, SessionState]:
149
+ with self._lock_shared() as f:
150
+ if f is None:
151
+ return {}
152
+ return self._load_raw(f)
src/colab_cli/utils.py
new
+85
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import base64
16
+import logging
17
+import sys
18
+import tempfile
19
+
20
+
21
+from typing import Optional
22
+
23
+
24
+def get_status_code(e: Exception) -> Optional[int]:
25
+ """Safely extracts status code from various exception types."""
26
+ if hasattr(e, "response") and e.response is not None:
27
+ if hasattr(e.response, "status_code"):
28
+ return e.response.status_code
29
+ if hasattr(e, "status_code"):
30
+ return e.status_code
31
+ return None
32
+
33
+
34
+def is_terminal_error(e: Exception) -> bool:
35
+ """Checks if an exception indicates a lost session (404/401)."""
36
+ code = get_status_code(e)
37
+ if code in (404, 401):
38
+ return True
39
+ # Some exceptions from jupyter-kernel-client might wrap the real one or be different
40
+ err_msg = str(e)
41
+ if "404" in err_msg or "401" in err_msg:
42
+ return True
43
+ return False
44
+
45
+
46
+def print_kitty(image_bytes: bytes):
47
+ """
48
+ Outputs an image using the Kitty Graphics Protocol.
49
+ Expects PNG bytes.
50
+
51
+ No-op when stdout is not a TTY: the escape sequence is meaningless to a
52
+ file/pipe and visually corrupts captured output (e.g. when piping
53
+ `colab exec` into a shell tool, redirecting to a log file, or running
54
+ under non-Kitty terminals). Callers still get the image via
55
+ `handle_image`'s file-write path.
56
+ """
57
+ if not sys.stdout.isatty():
58
+ return
59
+ try:
60
+ b64_data = base64.b64encode(image_bytes).decode("ascii")
61
+ sys.stdout.write("\n\033_Ga=T,f=100;")
62
+ sys.stdout.write(b64_data)
63
+ sys.stdout.write("\033\\\n")
64
+ sys.stdout.flush()
65
+ except Exception:
66
+ logging.exception("Kitty rendering failed")
67
+
68
+
69
+def handle_image(image_b64: str, mime_type: str = "image/png", target_path: str = None):
70
+ image_bytes = base64.b64decode(image_b64)
71
+ # Print inline using Kitty protocol
72
+ print_kitty(image_bytes)
73
+
74
+ if target_path:
75
+ # If a target path is specified, save it there
76
+ with open(target_path, "wb") as f:
77
+ f.write(image_bytes)
78
+ print(f"\n[Image saved to: {target_path}]")
79
+ else:
80
+ # Save to temp file as fallback
81
+ ext = mime_type.split("/")[-1]
82
+ tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False, suffix=f".{ext}")
83
+ tmp.write(image_bytes)
84
+ tmp.close()
85
+ print(f"\n[Image saved to: {tmp.name}]")
tests/conftest.py
new
+38
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import pytest
16
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
17
+
18
+
19
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
20
+def mock_common_state(mocker):
21
+ # Patch the state singleton in common.py
22
+ mock_state = mocker.patch("colab_cli.common.state")
23
+
24
+ # Setup standard mocks for properties
25
+ mock_state.store = MagicMock()
26
+ mock_state.client = MagicMock()
27
+ mock_state.history = MagicMock()
28
+
29
+ # Default behavior for sync_sessions
30
+ mock_state.sync_sessions.return_value = ({}, [])
31
+
32
+ # Global patch for ColabRuntime to prevent network calls
33
+ # We patch it in the modules where it is imported and used
34
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.session.ColabRuntime")
35
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.ColabRuntime")
36
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.automation.ColabRuntime")
37
+
38
+ return mock_state
tests/test_auth.py
new
+107
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, mock_open, patch
16
+
17
+import pytest
18
+
19
+from colab_cli.auth import TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH, AuthProvider, get_credentials
20
+
21
+
22
+@pytest.fixture
23
+def mock_deps(mocker):
24
+ m_exists = mocker.patch("os.path.exists")
25
+ m_makedirs = mocker.patch("os.makedirs")
26
+ m_creds_cls = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.Credentials")
27
+ m_flow_cls = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.InstalledAppFlow")
28
+ m_request = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.Request")
29
+ m_session = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.requests.AuthorizedSession")
30
+
31
+ # By default, pretend oauth config doesn't exist
32
+ m_exists.return_value = False
33
+
34
+ return {
35
+ "exists": m_exists,
36
+ "makedirs": m_makedirs,
37
+ "creds_cls": m_creds_cls,
38
+ "flow_cls": m_flow_cls,
39
+ "request": m_request,
40
+ "session": m_session,
41
+ }
42
+
43
+
44
+def test_get_credentials_no_config(mock_deps):
45
+ with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="Client OAuth config not found"):
46
+ get_credentials("missing_config.json", provider=AuthProvider.OAUTH2)
47
+
48
+
49
+def test_get_credentials_valid_token(mock_deps):
50
+ # Setup token exists
51
+ def exists_side_effect(path):
52
+ return path in ["dummy_config.json", TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH]
53
+
54
+ mock_deps["exists"].side_effect = exists_side_effect
55
+
56
+ # Valid creds
57
+ mock_creds = MagicMock()
58
+ mock_creds.valid = True
59
+ mock_deps["creds_cls"].from_authorized_user_file.return_value = mock_creds
60
+
61
+ # Mock open for config
62
+ m_open = mock_open(read_data='{"web":{"client_id":"id"}}')
63
+ with patch("builtins.open", m_open):
64
+ res = get_credentials("dummy_config.json", provider=AuthProvider.OAUTH2)
65
+
66
+ mock_deps["creds_cls"].from_authorized_user_file.assert_called_once()
67
+ mock_deps["session"].assert_called_once_with(mock_creds)
68
+ assert res == mock_deps["session"].return_value
69
+
70
+
71
+def test_get_credentials_expired_token_refresh(mock_deps):
72
+ def exists_side_effect(path):
73
+ return path in ["dummy_config.json", TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH]
74
+
75
+ mock_deps["exists"].side_effect = exists_side_effect
76
+
77
+ mock_creds = MagicMock()
78
+ mock_creds.valid = False
79
+ mock_creds.expired = True
80
+ mock_creds.refresh_token = "some_token"
81
+ mock_creds.to_json.return_value = '{"token":"refreshed"}'
82
+ mock_deps["creds_cls"].from_authorized_user_file.return_value = mock_creds
83
+
84
+ m_open = mock_open(read_data='{"web":{"client_id":"id"}}')
85
+ with patch("builtins.open", m_open):
86
+ res = get_credentials("dummy_config.json", provider=AuthProvider.OAUTH2)
87
+
88
+ mock_creds.refresh.assert_called_once()
89
+ m_open.assert_any_call(TOKEN_CONFIG_PATH, "w")
90
+ assert res == mock_deps["session"].return_value
91
+
92
+
93
+def test_get_credentials_no_token(mock_deps):
94
+ mock_deps["exists"].side_effect = lambda path: path == "dummy_config.json"
95
+
96
+ mock_flow = MagicMock()
97
+ mock_creds_new = MagicMock()
98
+ mock_creds_new.to_json.return_value = '{"token":"new"}'
99
+ mock_flow.run_local_server.return_value = mock_creds_new
100
+ mock_deps["flow_cls"].from_client_config.return_value = mock_flow
101
+
102
+ m_open = mock_open(read_data='{"web":{"client_id":"id"}}')
103
+ with patch("builtins.open", m_open):
104
+ get_credentials("dummy_config.json", provider=AuthProvider.OAUTH2)
105
+
106
+ mock_deps["flow_cls"].from_client_config.assert_called_once()
107
+ mock_flow.run_local_server.assert_called_once()
tests/test_auth_adc.py
new
+127
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+"""Tests for the Application Default Credentials (ADC) auth provider."""
16
+
17
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
18
+
19
+import pytest
20
+
21
+from colab_cli.auth import AuthProvider, get_credentials
22
+
23
+
24
+def test_get_credentials_adc_success(mocker):
25
+ """`--auth=adc` should delegate to google.auth.default() and wrap the
26
+ resulting credentials in an AuthorizedSession."""
27
+ mock_creds = MagicMock()
28
+ # Default ADC user creds don't need (or support) re-scoping; the scopes
29
+ # are fixed at `gcloud auth application-default login` time.
30
+ mock_creds.requires_scopes = False
31
+ mock_default = mocker.patch(
32
+ "google.auth.default", return_value=(mock_creds, "some-project-id")
33
+ )
34
+ mock_session_cls = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.requests.AuthorizedSession")
35
+
36
+ res = get_credentials(provider=AuthProvider.ADC)
37
+
38
+ mock_default.assert_called_once()
39
+ mock_session_cls.assert_called_once_with(mock_creds)
40
+ assert res == mock_session_cls.return_value
41
+
42
+
43
+def test_get_credentials_adc_default_error_propagates(mocker):
44
+ """If google.auth.default() raises (e.g. no ADC configured), the error
45
+ should propagate to the caller so they can run `gcloud auth
46
+ application-default login`."""
47
+ from google.auth.exceptions import DefaultCredentialsError
48
+
49
+ mocker.patch(
50
+ "google.auth.default",
51
+ side_effect=DefaultCredentialsError("No ADC found"),
52
+ )
53
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.requests.AuthorizedSession")
54
+
55
+ with pytest.raises(DefaultCredentialsError):
56
+ get_credentials(provider=AuthProvider.ADC)
57
+
58
+
59
+def test_get_credentials_adc_does_not_invoke_other_providers(mocker):
60
+ """ADC path must not kick off the InstalledAppFlow."""
61
+ mock_creds = MagicMock()
62
+ mock_creds.requires_scopes = False
63
+ mocker.patch("google.auth.default", return_value=(mock_creds, None))
64
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.requests.AuthorizedSession")
65
+
66
+ mock_flow = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.InstalledAppFlow")
67
+
68
+ get_credentials(provider=AuthProvider.ADC)
69
+
70
+ mock_flow.from_client_config.assert_not_called()
71
+
72
+
73
+def test_get_credentials_adc_requests_colaboratory_scope(mocker):
74
+ """The RuntimeService at colab.pa.googleapis.com requires the
75
+ `colaboratory` scope. ADC must request it via google.auth.default().
76
+ """
77
+ mock_creds = MagicMock()
78
+ # Pretend creds don't need re-scoping (e.g., user creds from gcloud).
79
+ mock_creds.requires_scopes = False
80
+ mock_default = mocker.patch(
81
+ "google.auth.default", return_value=(mock_creds, "proj")
82
+ )
83
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.requests.AuthorizedSession")
84
+
85
+ get_credentials(provider=AuthProvider.ADC)
86
+
87
+ scopes = mock_default.call_args.kwargs.get("scopes")
88
+ assert scopes is not None, "google.auth.default() must be called with scopes="
89
+ assert "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory" in scopes
90
+ assert "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email" in scopes
91
+
92
+
93
+def test_get_credentials_adc_reapplies_scopes_for_scopable_creds(mocker):
94
+ """For credential subclasses that support `with_scopes` (service accounts,
95
+ GCE/GKE, etc.), we must call it so the colaboratory scope sticks even if
96
+ google.auth.default() ignored the kwarg.
97
+ """
98
+ rescoped = MagicMock(name="rescoped_creds")
99
+ mock_creds = MagicMock()
100
+ mock_creds.requires_scopes = True
101
+ mock_creds.with_scopes.return_value = rescoped
102
+ mocker.patch("google.auth.default", return_value=(mock_creds, "proj"))
103
+ mock_session_cls = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.requests.AuthorizedSession")
104
+
105
+ get_credentials(provider=AuthProvider.ADC)
106
+
107
+ mock_creds.with_scopes.assert_called_once()
108
+ applied_scopes = mock_creds.with_scopes.call_args.args[0]
109
+ assert "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory" in applied_scopes
110
+ # The session is built from the *rescoped* creds, not the original.
111
+ mock_session_cls.assert_called_once_with(rescoped)
112
+
113
+
114
+def test_get_credentials_adc_tolerates_with_scopes_failure(mocker):
115
+ """User creds (from `gcloud auth application-default login`) raise
116
+ NotImplementedError on with_scopes. We must fall back gracefully."""
117
+ mock_creds = MagicMock()
118
+ mock_creds.requires_scopes = True
119
+ mock_creds.with_scopes.side_effect = NotImplementedError("user creds")
120
+ mocker.patch("google.auth.default", return_value=(mock_creds, "proj"))
121
+ mock_session_cls = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auth.requests.AuthorizedSession")
122
+
123
+ # Should not raise.
124
+ get_credentials(provider=AuthProvider.ADC)
125
+
126
+ # Falls back to using the original (un-rescoped) creds.
127
+ mock_session_cls.assert_called_once_with(mock_creds)
tests/test_automation.py
new
+100
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import patch
16
+import pytest
17
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
18
+from colab_cli.cli import app
19
+from colab_cli.state import SessionState
20
+
21
+runner = CliRunner()
22
+
23
+
24
+@pytest.fixture
25
+def mock_session():
26
+ return SessionState(
27
+ name="test-session",
28
+ token="test-token",
29
+ url="https://test.url",
30
+ endpoint="e1",
31
+ )
32
+
33
+
34
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.automation.ColabRuntime")
35
+@patch("colab_cli.common.state")
36
+def test_cli_auth(mock_state, mock_runtime_class, mock_session):
37
+ mock_state.store.get.return_value = mock_session
38
+ mock_state.resolve_session.return_value = "test-session"
39
+
40
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
41
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.return_value = [{"text": "Success"}]
42
+
43
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["auth", "-s", "test-session"])
44
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
45
+
46
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[0] == "automation:auth"
47
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[1] is None
48
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[2] is not None
49
+ mock_state.store.add.assert_called_with(mock_session)
50
+
51
+ # Verify ColabRuntime was invoked with the correct code
52
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_called_once()
53
+ called_code = mock_runtime.execute_code.call_args[0][0]
54
+
55
+ assert "os.environ['USE_AUTH_EPHEM'] = '0'" in called_code
56
+ assert "auth.authenticate_user()" in called_code
57
+
58
+
59
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.automation.ColabRuntime")
60
+@patch("colab_cli.common.state")
61
+def test_cli_install(mock_state, mock_runtime_class, mock_session):
62
+ mock_state.store.get.return_value = mock_session
63
+ mock_state.resolve_session.return_value = "test-session"
64
+
65
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
66
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.return_value = [{"text": "Installed"}]
67
+
68
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["install", "-s", "test-session", "pandas", "numpy"])
69
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
70
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[0] == "automation:install"
71
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[2] is not None
72
+ mock_state.store.add.assert_called_with(mock_session)
73
+
74
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_called_once()
75
+ called_code = mock_runtime.execute_code.call_args[0][0]
76
+
77
+ assert "subprocess" in called_code
78
+ assert "pip" in called_code
79
+ assert "pandas" in called_code
80
+ assert "numpy" in called_code
81
+
82
+
83
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.automation.ColabRuntime")
84
+@patch("colab_cli.common.state")
85
+def test_cli_drivemount(mock_state, mock_runtime_class, mock_session):
86
+ mock_state.store.get.return_value = mock_session
87
+ mock_state.resolve_session.return_value = "test-session"
88
+
89
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
90
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.return_value = [{"text": "Mounted"}]
91
+
92
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["drivemount", "-s", "test-session", "/foo/bar"])
93
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
94
+
95
+ # Verify ColabRuntime was invoked with the correct code
96
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_called_once()
97
+ called_code = mock_runtime.execute_code.call_args[0][0]
98
+
99
+ assert "drive.mount('/foo/bar')" in called_code
100
+ assert mock_runtime.colab_request_hook is not None
tests/test_cli.py
new
+565
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import time
16
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
17
+
18
+import pytest
19
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
20
+
21
+from colab_cli.cli import app
22
+from colab_cli.client import (
23
+ Assignment,
24
+ ColabRequestError,
25
+ PostAssignmentResponse,
26
+)
27
+
28
+runner = CliRunner()
29
+
30
+
31
+@pytest.fixture
32
+def mock_client(mock_common_state):
33
+ return mock_common_state.client
34
+
35
+
36
+@pytest.fixture
37
+def mock_store(mock_common_state):
38
+ return mock_common_state.store
39
+
40
+
41
+@pytest.fixture
42
+def mock_history(mock_common_state):
43
+ return mock_common_state.history
44
+
45
+
46
+def test_cli_new_tpu(mock_client, mock_store):
47
+ mock_res = MagicMock()
48
+ mock_res.__class__ = PostAssignmentResponse
49
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.token = "t1"
50
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.url = "u1"
51
+ mock_res.endpoint = "e1"
52
+ mock_client.assign.return_value = mock_res
53
+
54
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new", "-s", "my-session", "--tpu", "v5e1"])
55
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
56
+
57
+ added_state = mock_store.add.call_args[0][0]
58
+ assert added_state.name == "my-session"
59
+ assert added_state.variant == "TPU"
60
+ assert added_state.accelerator == "V5E1"
61
+
62
+
63
+def test_cli_new_gpu(mock_client, mock_store):
64
+ mock_res = MagicMock()
65
+ mock_res.__class__ = Assignment
66
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_token = "t2"
67
+ mock_res.endpoint = "e2"
68
+ del mock_res.runtime_proxy_info
69
+ mock_client.assign.return_value = mock_res
70
+
71
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new", "-s", "gpu-sess", "--gpu", "A100"])
72
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
73
+
74
+ added_state = mock_store.add.call_args[0][0]
75
+ assert added_state.name == "gpu-sess"
76
+ assert added_state.variant == "GPU"
77
+ assert added_state.accelerator == "A100"
78
+ assert added_state.token == "t2"
79
+
80
+
81
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
82
+ "gpu_flag,expected_acc",
83
+ [
84
+ ("H100", "H100"),
85
+ ("l4", "L4"),
86
+ ("t4", "T4"),
87
+ ("g4", "G4"),
88
+ ],
89
+)
90
+def test_cli_new_gpu_variants(mock_client, mock_store, gpu_flag, expected_acc):
91
+ mock_res = MagicMock()
92
+ mock_res.__class__ = PostAssignmentResponse
93
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.token = "t1"
94
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.url = "u1"
95
+ mock_res.endpoint = "e1"
96
+ mock_client.assign.return_value = mock_res
97
+
98
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new", "-s", "s", "--gpu", gpu_flag])
99
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
100
+
101
+ added_state = mock_store.add.call_args[0][0]
102
+ assert added_state.accelerator == expected_acc
103
+
104
+
105
+def test_cli_sessions_unified_format(mock_client, mock_common_state):
106
+ """`sessions` should lead each line with the local name when known:
107
+ `[name] endpoint | Hardware: X | Variant: Y`.
108
+ """
109
+ mock_assignment = MagicMock()
110
+ mock_assignment.endpoint = "e1"
111
+ mock_assignment.variant.name = "GPU"
112
+ mock_assignment.accelerator.value = "T4"
113
+
114
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
115
+ mock_session_state.name = "s1"
116
+ mock_session_state.endpoint = "e1"
117
+ mock_session_state.running = None
118
+
119
+ mock_common_state.sync_sessions.return_value = (
120
+ {"s1": mock_session_state},
121
+ [mock_assignment],
122
+ )
123
+
124
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
125
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
126
+ assert "[s1] e1 | Hardware: T4 | Variant: GPU" in result.output
127
+
128
+
129
+def test_cli_sessions_orphaned_assignment_marked(mock_client, mock_common_state):
130
+ """Server-side assignments without a local session should be marked `[?]`."""
131
+ mock_assignment = MagicMock()
132
+ mock_assignment.endpoint = "orphan-ep"
133
+ mock_assignment.variant.name = "DEFAULT"
134
+ mock_assignment.accelerator.value = "NONE"
135
+
136
+ mock_common_state.sync_sessions.return_value = ({}, [mock_assignment])
137
+
138
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
139
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
140
+ # CPU is the alias for accelerator NONE
141
+ assert "[?] orphan-ep | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT" in result.output
142
+
143
+
144
+def test_cli_sessions_no_assignments(mock_client, mock_common_state):
145
+ mock_common_state.sync_sessions.return_value = ({}, [])
146
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
147
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
148
+ assert "No active sessions found on server." in result.output
149
+
150
+
151
+def test_cli_status(mock_store, mock_common_state):
152
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
153
+ mock_session_state.name = "s1"
154
+ mock_session_state.endpoint = "e1"
155
+ mock_session_state.accelerator = "NONE"
156
+ mock_session_state.variant = "DEFAULT"
157
+ mock_session_state.running = None
158
+ mock_session_state.last_execution = (
159
+ "my_notebook.ipynb",
160
+ "cell_1",
161
+ "2023-10-27 12:00:00",
162
+ )
163
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
164
+
165
+ mock_common_state.sync_sessions.return_value = ({"s1": mock_session_state}, [])
166
+
167
+ # Test with explicit session: uses unified format including endpoint and Status
168
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["status", "-s", "s1"])
169
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
170
+ assert "[s1] e1 | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT | Status: IDLE" in result.output
171
+ assert (
172
+ "Last Execution: my_notebook.ipynb | Cell: cell_1 at 2023-10-27 12:00:00"
173
+ in result.output
174
+ )
175
+ mock_store.get.assert_called_with("s1")
176
+
177
+ # Test with missing session
178
+ mock_store.get.return_value = None
179
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["status", "-s", "missing"])
180
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
181
+ assert "Session 'missing' not found" in result.output
182
+
183
+ # Test list all sessions: same unified format
184
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
185
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["status"])
186
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
187
+ assert "[s1] e1 | Hardware: CPU | Variant: DEFAULT | Status: IDLE" in result.output
188
+
189
+ # Test without execution metadata
190
+ mock_session_state.last_execution = None
191
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
192
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["status", "-s", "s1"])
193
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
194
+ assert "Last Execution" not in result.output
195
+
196
+
197
+def test_cli_status_running_shows_busy(mock_store, mock_common_state):
198
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
199
+ mock_session_state.name = "s1"
200
+ mock_session_state.endpoint = "e1"
201
+ mock_session_state.accelerator = "T4"
202
+ mock_session_state.variant = "GPU"
203
+ mock_session_state.running = "exec.py"
204
+ mock_session_state.last_execution = None
205
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
206
+ mock_common_state.sync_sessions.return_value = ({"s1": mock_session_state}, [])
207
+
208
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["status", "-s", "s1"])
209
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
210
+ assert (
211
+ "[s1] e1 | Hardware: T4 | Variant: GPU | Status: BUSY (exec.py)"
212
+ in result.output
213
+ )
214
+
215
+
216
+def test_cli_session_resolution(mock_store, mock_common_state):
217
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
218
+ mock_session_state.name = "unique-session"
219
+ mock_session_state.endpoint = "e1"
220
+ mock_session_state.url = "http://url"
221
+ mock_session_state.token = "token"
222
+ mock_session_state.kernel_id = None
223
+
224
+ # Setup for resolve_session
225
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "unique-session"
226
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
227
+
228
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["stop"])
229
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
230
+ mock_store.remove.assert_called_with("unique-session")
231
+
232
+
233
+def test_cli_stop(mock_client, mock_store, mock_common_state):
234
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
235
+ mock_session_state.endpoint = "e1"
236
+ mock_session_state.name = "s1"
237
+ mock_session_state.url = "http://url"
238
+ mock_session_state.token = "token"
239
+ mock_session_state.kernel_id = None
240
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
241
+
242
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
243
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["stop", "-s", "s1"])
244
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
245
+
246
+ mock_client.unassign.assert_called_with("e1")
247
+ mock_store.remove.assert_called_with("s1")
248
+
249
+
250
+def test_cli_sessions_prune(mock_common_state):
251
+ mock_assignment = MagicMock()
252
+ mock_session_state1 = MagicMock()
253
+
254
+ mock_common_state.sync_sessions.return_value = (
255
+ {"s1": mock_session_state1},
256
+ [mock_assignment],
257
+ )
258
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
259
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
260
+
261
+
262
+def test_cli_new_no_name(mock_client, mock_store):
263
+ mock_res = MagicMock()
264
+ mock_res.__class__ = PostAssignmentResponse
265
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.token = "t1"
266
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.url = "u1"
267
+ mock_res.endpoint = "e1"
268
+ mock_client.assign.return_value = mock_res
269
+
270
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new"])
271
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
272
+
273
+ added_state = mock_store.add.call_args[0][0]
274
+ assert len(added_state.name) == 6
275
+
276
+
277
+def test_cli_new_default_is_cpu(mock_client, mock_store):
278
+ """`colab new` with no flags must request a CPU runtime (no accelerator).
279
+ A GPU/TPU should only be requested when --gpu or --tpu is explicitly set.
280
+ """
281
+ from colab_cli.client import Accelerator, Variant
282
+
283
+ mock_res = MagicMock()
284
+ mock_res.__class__ = PostAssignmentResponse
285
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.token = "t1"
286
+ mock_res.runtime_proxy_info.url = "u1"
287
+ mock_res.endpoint = "e1"
288
+ mock_client.assign.return_value = mock_res
289
+
290
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new"])
291
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
292
+
293
+ # The assign call must have used the DEFAULT (CPU) variant + NONE accelerator.
294
+ _, kwargs = mock_client.assign.call_args
295
+ assert kwargs["variant"] is Variant.DEFAULT
296
+ assert kwargs["accelerator"] is Accelerator.NONE
297
+
298
+ # The persisted SessionState should reflect the same.
299
+ added_state = mock_store.add.call_args[0][0]
300
+ assert added_state.variant == "DEFAULT"
301
+ assert added_state.accelerator == "NONE"
302
+
303
+
304
+def test_cli_help():
305
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["--help"])
306
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
307
+ assert "Usage:" in result.output
308
+ assert "Options" in result.output
309
+ assert "Commands" in result.output
310
+
311
+
312
+def _extract_command_names(help_output: str) -> list[str]:
313
+ """Parse the command list out of a Typer/Click help output rendered
314
+ inside the `╭─ Commands ─...` rich box. Returns names in the order they
315
+ appear.
316
+ """
317
+ lines = help_output.splitlines()
318
+ in_commands = False
319
+ names = []
320
+ for line in lines:
321
+ if "Commands" in line and ("─" in line or "-" in line):
322
+ in_commands = True
323
+ continue
324
+ if in_commands:
325
+ stripped = line.strip()
326
+ if stripped.startswith("╰") or stripped.startswith("`"):
327
+ break
328
+ # Lines look like: "│ help Show help for a command. │"
329
+ # Strip the rich box characters.
330
+ inner = stripped.strip("│").strip()
331
+ if not inner:
332
+ continue
333
+ tok = inner.split()[0]
334
+ names.append(tok)
335
+ return names
336
+
337
+
338
+def test_cli_help_commands_sorted_alphabetically():
339
+ """`colab --help` should list subcommands in alphabetical order so that
340
+ users (and docs) can find them deterministically."""
341
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["--help"])
342
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
343
+ names = _extract_command_names(result.output)
344
+ assert names, f"Could not parse command names from help output:\n{result.output}"
345
+ assert names == sorted(names), (
346
+ f"Commands are not alphabetically sorted.\nGot: {names}\n"
347
+ f"Wanted: {sorted(names)}"
348
+ )
349
+
350
+
351
+def test_cli_help_subcommand_commands_sorted_alphabetically():
352
+ """`colab help` (the help subcommand, no argument) should also list
353
+ subcommands alphabetically — it shares the parent group's renderer."""
354
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["help"])
355
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
356
+ names = _extract_command_names(result.output)
357
+ assert names, f"Could not parse command names from help output:\n{result.output}"
358
+ assert names == sorted(names), (
359
+ f"`colab help` commands are not alphabetically sorted.\nGot: {names}\n"
360
+ f"Wanted: {sorted(names)}"
361
+ )
362
+
363
+
364
+def test_cli_no_args():
365
+ result = runner.invoke(app, [])
366
+ # Typer with no_args_is_help=True might return 0 or 2 depending on version/config
367
+ assert result.exit_code in [0, 2]
368
+
369
+
370
+def test_cli_console(mock_store, mock_common_state):
371
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
372
+ mock_session_state.name = "s1"
373
+ mock_session_state.token = "t1"
374
+ mock_session_state.url = "http://test.com"
375
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
376
+
377
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
378
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.connect_console") as mock_connect:
379
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["console", "-s", "s1"])
380
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
381
+ mock_connect.assert_called_once_with(mock_session_state)
382
+
383
+
384
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.files.ContentsClient")
385
+def test_cli_ls(mock_contents_class, mock_store, mock_common_state):
386
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
387
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
388
+
389
+ mock_contents = mock_contents_class.return_value
390
+ mock_contents.list_dir.return_value = {
391
+ "type": "directory",
392
+ "content": [
393
+ {"name": "a_dir", "type": "directory"},
394
+ {"name": "b_file", "type": "file"},
395
+ ],
396
+ }
397
+
398
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
399
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["ls", "-s", "s1", "content"])
400
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
401
+
402
+ assert "a_dir/" in result.output
403
+ assert "b_file" in result.output
404
+
405
+
406
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.files.ContentsClient")
407
+def test_cli_rm(mock_contents_class, mock_store, mock_common_state):
408
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
409
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
410
+
411
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
412
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["rm", "-s", "s1", "content/file.txt"])
413
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
414
+
415
+ mock_contents_class.return_value.rm.assert_called_once_with("content/file.txt")
416
+ assert "Deleted content/file.txt" in result.output
417
+
418
+
419
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.files.os.path.isfile")
420
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.files.ContentsClient")
421
+def test_cli_upload(mock_contents_class, mock_isfile, mock_store, mock_common_state):
422
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
423
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
424
+ mock_isfile.return_value = True
425
+
426
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
427
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["upload", "-s", "s1", "local.txt", "remote.txt"])
428
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
429
+
430
+ mock_contents_class.return_value.upload.assert_called_once_with(
431
+ "local.txt", "remote.txt"
432
+ )
433
+ assert "Uploaded 'local.txt' to 'remote.txt'" in result.output
434
+
435
+
436
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.files.ContentsClient")
437
+def test_cli_download(mock_contents_class, mock_store, mock_common_state):
438
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
439
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
440
+
441
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
442
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["download", "-s", "s1", "remote.txt", "local.txt"])
443
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
444
+
445
+ mock_contents_class.return_value.download.assert_called_once_with(
446
+ "remote.txt", "local.txt"
447
+ )
448
+ assert "Downloaded 'remote.txt' to 'local.txt'" in result.output
449
+
450
+
451
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.files.ContentsClient")
452
+@patch("click.edit")
453
+def test_cli_edit_no_changes(
454
+ mock_edit, mock_contents_class, mock_store, mock_common_state
455
+):
456
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
457
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
458
+
459
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
460
+
461
+ # Simulate editor making no changes by not modifying the file
462
+ def mock_edit_side_effect(filename, **kwargs):
463
+ pass
464
+
465
+ mock_edit.side_effect = mock_edit_side_effect
466
+
467
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["edit", "-s", "s1", "remote.txt"])
468
+
469
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
470
+ mock_contents_class.return_value.download.assert_called_once()
471
+ mock_contents_class.return_value.upload.assert_not_called()
472
+ assert "No changes made to 'remote.txt'" in result.output
473
+
474
+
475
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.files.ContentsClient")
476
+@patch("click.edit")
477
+def test_cli_edit_with_changes(
478
+ mock_edit, mock_contents_class, mock_store, mock_common_state
479
+):
480
+ mock_session_state = MagicMock()
481
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session_state
482
+
483
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
484
+
485
+ # Simulate editor modifying the file
486
+ def mock_edit_side_effect(filename, **kwargs):
487
+ time.sleep(0.01) # Ensure mtime differs if checking by mtime
488
+ with open(filename, "a") as f:
489
+ f.write("new content")
490
+
491
+ mock_edit.side_effect = mock_edit_side_effect
492
+
493
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["edit", "-s", "s1", "remote.txt"])
494
+
495
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
496
+ mock_contents_class.return_value.download.assert_called_once()
497
+ mock_contents_class.return_value.upload.assert_called_once()
498
+ assert "Edited and uploaded 'remote.txt'" in result.output
499
+
500
+
501
+def _make_400_error(message="Bad Request"):
502
+ """Build a ColabRequestError shaped like a 400 from the assign endpoint."""
503
+ response = MagicMock()
504
+ response.status_code = 400
505
+ response.reason = "Bad Request"
506
+ return ColabRequestError(message, request=MagicMock(), response=response)
507
+
508
+
509
+def test_cli_new_400_with_gpu_shows_friendly_error(mock_client, mock_store):
510
+ """A 400 from `assign` when a GPU was requested should surface a friendly
511
+ message naming the accelerator and exit non-zero, NOT raise a traceback."""
512
+ mock_client.assign.side_effect = _make_400_error()
513
+
514
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new", "--gpu", "A100"])
515
+
516
+ assert result.exit_code != 0
517
+ # Friendly message should mention the accelerator we asked for
518
+ assert "A100" in result.output
519
+ # And give actionable hints
520
+ assert "quota" in result.output.lower() or "entitle" in result.output.lower()
521
+ # No partial state should be saved
522
+ mock_store.add.assert_not_called()
523
+
524
+
525
+def test_cli_new_400_with_tpu_shows_friendly_error(mock_client, mock_store):
526
+ mock_client.assign.side_effect = _make_400_error()
527
+
528
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new", "--tpu", "v5e1"])
529
+
530
+ assert result.exit_code != 0
531
+ assert "V5E1" in result.output
532
+ mock_store.add.assert_not_called()
533
+
534
+
535
+def test_cli_new_400_without_accelerator_propagates(mock_client, mock_store):
536
+ """If a 400 happens for a default (CPU) request, we cannot blame an
537
+ accelerator. The error should propagate so the user sees the real cause
538
+ rather than a misleading 'no quota' message.
539
+ """
540
+ mock_client.assign.side_effect = _make_400_error()
541
+
542
+ # Default `colab new` requests CPU (no --gpu, no --tpu).
543
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new"])
544
+
545
+ assert result.exit_code != 0
546
+ # The error message should NOT pretend it was an accelerator quota issue.
547
+ assert "quota" not in result.output.lower()
548
+
549
+
550
+def test_cli_new_non_400_error_propagates(mock_client, mock_store):
551
+ """Errors with non-400 status should NOT be caught by the friendly
552
+ accelerator handler."""
553
+ response = MagicMock()
554
+ response.status_code = 500
555
+ response.reason = "Internal Server Error"
556
+ mock_client.assign.side_effect = ColabRequestError(
557
+ "boom", request=MagicMock(), response=response
558
+ )
559
+
560
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["new", "--gpu", "A100"])
561
+
562
+ assert result.exit_code != 0
563
+ # Should not present the 400-specific friendly text
564
+ assert "quota" not in result.output.lower()
565
+ mock_store.add.assert_not_called()
tests/test_cli_log.py
new
+95
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import sys
16
+import pytest
17
+from unittest.mock import patch
18
+from colab_cli.cli import main
19
+
20
+
21
+def test_cli_log_list():
22
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "log"]):
23
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.state") as mock_state:
24
+ mock_state.history.list_sessions.return_value = ["s1"]
25
+
26
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.typer.echo") as mock_print:
27
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exitinfo:
28
+ main()
29
+ assert exitinfo.value.code == 0
30
+ mock_print.assert_any_call(" s1")
31
+
32
+
33
+def test_cli_log_show():
34
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "log", "-s", "s1"]):
35
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.state") as mock_state:
36
+ mock_state.history.get_history.return_value = [
37
+ {
38
+ "timestamp": "2026-03-23T12:00:00.000000+00:00",
39
+ "event_type": "execution",
40
+ "code": "print(1)",
41
+ }
42
+ ]
43
+
44
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.typer.echo") as mock_print:
45
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exitinfo:
46
+ main()
47
+ assert exitinfo.value.code == 0
48
+ # Check for EXEC: print(1)
49
+ found = any(
50
+ "EXEC: print(1)" in str(call) for call in mock_print.call_args_list
51
+ )
52
+ assert found
53
+
54
+
55
+def test_cli_log_show_filter():
56
+ with patch.object(
57
+ sys, "argv", ["colab", "log", "-s", "s1", "-t", "file_operation"]
58
+ ):
59
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.state") as mock_state:
60
+ mock_state.history.get_history.return_value = [
61
+ {
62
+ "timestamp": "2026-03-23T12:00:00.000000+00:00",
63
+ "event_type": "execution",
64
+ "code": "print(1)",
65
+ },
66
+ {
67
+ "timestamp": "2026-03-23T12:01:00.000000+00:00",
68
+ "event_type": "file_operation",
69
+ "op": "ls",
70
+ "path": "content",
71
+ },
72
+ ]
73
+
74
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.typer.echo") as mock_print:
75
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exitinfo:
76
+ main()
77
+ assert exitinfo.value.code == 0
78
+ # Should see FILE: ls content but NOT EXEC: print(1)
79
+ printed = [str(call) for call in mock_print.call_args_list]
80
+ assert any("FILE: ls" in p for p in printed)
81
+ assert not any("EXEC: print(1)" in p for p in printed)
82
+
83
+
84
+def test_cli_log_export():
85
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "log", "-s", "s1", "-o", "test.ipynb"]):
86
+ with patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.state") as mock_state:
87
+ with patch("colab_cli.converter.export_history") as mock_export:
88
+ mock_state.history.get_history.return_value = [
89
+ {"event_type": "execution"}
90
+ ]
91
+
92
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exitinfo:
93
+ main()
94
+ assert exitinfo.value.code == 0
95
+ mock_export.assert_called_once()
tests/test_client.py
new
+198
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import uuid
16
+import json
17
+import pytest
18
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
19
+from colab_cli.client import Client, Prod, PostAssignmentResponse, Assignment
20
+
21
+
22
+@pytest.fixture
23
+def mock_session():
24
+ return MagicMock()
25
+
26
+
27
+@pytest.fixture
28
+def client(mock_session):
29
+ return Client(Prod(), mock_session)
30
+
31
+
32
+def test_client_assign_new(client, mock_session):
33
+ # Mock _get_assignment (GET)
34
+ get_resp = MagicMock()
35
+ get_resp.ok = True
36
+ get_resp.text = ")]}'\n" + json.dumps(
37
+ {"acc": "NONE", "nbh": "some_nbh", "token": "xsrf_token", "variant": "DEFAULT"}
38
+ )
39
+
40
+ # Mock _post_assignment (POST)
41
+ post_resp = MagicMock()
42
+ post_resp.ok = True
43
+ post_resp.text = ")]}'\n" + json.dumps(
44
+ {
45
+ "accelerator": "NONE",
46
+ "endpoint": "new_endpoint",
47
+ "runtimeProxyInfo": {
48
+ "token": "proxy_token",
49
+ "tokenExpiresInSeconds": 3600,
50
+ "url": "http://backend",
51
+ },
52
+ "variant": 0,
53
+ }
54
+ )
55
+
56
+ mock_session.request.side_effect = [get_resp, post_resp]
57
+
58
+ res = client.assign(uuid.uuid4())
59
+
60
+ assert isinstance(res, PostAssignmentResponse)
61
+ assert res.endpoint == "new_endpoint"
62
+ assert res.runtime_proxy_info.token == "proxy_token"
63
+
64
+ # Check POST request headers for XSRF token
65
+ assert mock_session.request.call_count == 2
66
+ last_call_args = mock_session.request.call_args_list[1]
67
+ assert last_call_args.kwargs["headers"]["X-Goog-Colab-Token"] == "xsrf_token"
68
+
69
+
70
+def test_client_unassign(client, mock_session):
71
+ # Mock GET for XSRF token
72
+ get_resp = MagicMock()
73
+ get_resp.ok = True
74
+ get_resp.text = ")]}'\n" + json.dumps({"token": "unassign_xsrf_token"})
75
+
76
+ # Mock POST for unassign
77
+ post_resp = MagicMock()
78
+ post_resp.ok = True
79
+ post_resp.text = "" # 204 No Content typically
80
+
81
+ mock_session.request.side_effect = [get_resp, post_resp]
82
+
83
+ client.unassign("my_endpoint")
84
+
85
+ assert mock_session.request.call_count == 2
86
+ last_call_args = mock_session.request.call_args_list[1]
87
+ assert (
88
+ last_call_args.kwargs["headers"]["X-Goog-Colab-Token"] == "unassign_xsrf_token"
89
+ )
90
+ assert "unassign/my_endpoint" in last_call_args.args[1]
91
+
92
+
93
+def test_client_assign_existing(client, mock_session):
94
+ # Mock _get_assignment (GET) returning existing Assignment
95
+ get_resp = MagicMock()
96
+ get_resp.ok = True
97
+ get_resp.text = ")]}'\n" + json.dumps(
98
+ {
99
+ "endpoint": "existing_endpoint",
100
+ "runtimeProxyInfo": {
101
+ "token": "existing_token",
102
+ "tokenExpiresInSeconds": 3600,
103
+ "url": "http://existing-backend",
104
+ },
105
+ }
106
+ )
107
+
108
+ mock_session.request.return_value = get_resp
109
+
110
+ res = client.assign(uuid.uuid4())
111
+
112
+ assert isinstance(res, Assignment)
113
+ assert res.endpoint == "existing_endpoint"
114
+ assert mock_session.request.call_count == 1
115
+
116
+
117
+def test_client_list_assignments(client, mock_session):
118
+ # Mock list_assignments (GET)
119
+ resp = MagicMock()
120
+ resp.ok = True
121
+ resp.text = ")]}'\n" + json.dumps(
122
+ {
123
+ "assignments": [
124
+ {
125
+ "accelerator": "NONE",
126
+ "endpoint": "e1",
127
+ "variant": 0,
128
+ "machineShape": 0,
129
+ "runtimeProxyInfo": {
130
+ "token": "t1",
131
+ "tokenExpiresInSeconds": 3600,
132
+ "url": "u1",
133
+ },
134
+ }
135
+ ]
136
+ }
137
+ )
138
+
139
+ mock_session.request.return_value = resp
140
+
141
+ # This should fail if list_assignments is not implemented
142
+ res = client.list_assignments()
143
+
144
+ assert len(res) == 1
145
+ assert res[0].endpoint == "e1"
146
+ assert "tun/m/assignments" in mock_session.request.call_args.args[1]
147
+
148
+
149
+def test_client_keep_alive_assignment_handles_empty_array_response(
150
+ client, mock_session
151
+):
152
+ """KeepAliveAssignment returns `[]` on success (grpc-web protojson). When the
153
+ caller passes no `schema=`, _issue_request must not try to validate the
154
+ body — otherwise it raises pydantic ValidationError on the empty list.
155
+ Regression: discovered live 2026-04-30."""
156
+ resp = MagicMock()
157
+ resp.ok = True
158
+ resp.text = "[]"
159
+ mock_session.request.return_value = resp
160
+
161
+ # Should NOT raise.
162
+ result = client.keep_alive_assignment("m-s-test")
163
+ assert result is None # no schema, so no return value
164
+
165
+
166
+def test_client_keep_alive_assignment_request_shape(client, mock_session):
167
+ """The RuntimeService rejects the request with HTTP 400 unless
168
+ `X-Goog-Api-Client` contains `grpc-web`. This test pins the wire format
169
+ that talks to colab.pa.googleapis.com.
170
+ """
171
+ resp = MagicMock()
172
+ resp.ok = True
173
+ resp.text = ""
174
+ mock_session.request.return_value = resp
175
+
176
+ client.keep_alive_assignment("m-s-test-endpoint")
177
+
178
+ assert mock_session.request.call_count == 1
179
+ call = mock_session.request.call_args
180
+ method, url = call.args[0], call.args[1]
181
+ headers = call.kwargs["headers"]
182
+ body = call.kwargs["json"]
183
+
184
+ assert method == "POST"
185
+ assert url.endswith(
186
+ "/$rpc/google.internal.colab.v1.RuntimeService/KeepAliveAssignment"
187
+ )
188
+ # Positional protojson encoding: a single-element array with the endpoint.
189
+ assert body == ["m-s-test-endpoint"]
190
+ assert headers["Content-Type"] == "application/json+protobuf"
191
+ assert "x-goog-api-key" in headers
192
+ assert headers["x-user-agent"] == "grpc-web-javascript/0.1"
193
+ # Critical: server requires `grpc-web` substring in this header.
194
+ assert "grpc-web" in headers["x-goog-api-client"]
195
+ # Critical: pin consumer project to Colab's, otherwise ADC user creds
196
+ # (which carry their own gcloud quota project) trigger HTTP 400
197
+ # CONSUMER_INVALID. Verified empirically 2026-04-30.
198
+ assert headers["x-goog-user-project"] == "1014160490159"
tests/test_console.py
new
+222
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import json
16
+import os
17
+import sys
18
+import termios
19
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
20
+
21
+from colab_cli.console import connect_console, on_message, on_open
22
+from colab_cli.state import SessionState
23
+import pytest
24
+
25
+
26
+@pytest.fixture
27
+def mock_session():
28
+ return SessionState(
29
+ name="test-session",
30
+ token="test-token",
31
+ url="https://8080-m-s-kkb-usc1f1.us-central1-1.colab.dev",
32
+ endpoint="some-endpoint",
33
+ )
34
+
35
+
36
+@patch("colab_cli.console.websocket.WebSocketApp")
37
+@patch("colab_cli.console.tty.setraw")
38
+@patch("colab_cli.console.termios.tcgetattr")
39
+@patch("colab_cli.console.termios.tcsetattr")
40
+@patch("colab_cli.console.os.get_terminal_size")
41
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdin.fileno")
42
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdin.isatty")
43
+def test_console_initialization(
44
+ mock_isatty,
45
+ mock_fileno,
46
+ mock_get_term_size,
47
+ mock_tcsetattr,
48
+ mock_tcgetattr,
49
+ mock_setraw,
50
+ mock_ws_app,
51
+ mock_session,
52
+):
53
+ # Setup mocks
54
+ mock_isatty.return_value = True
55
+ mock_fileno.return_value = 0
56
+ mock_get_term_size.return_value = os.terminal_size((80, 24))
57
+ mock_tcgetattr.return_value = ["fake_attrs"]
58
+ mock_ws_instance = MagicMock()
59
+ mock_ws_app.return_value = mock_ws_instance
60
+
61
+ # We don't want run_forever to actually block or start threads in the test
62
+ mock_ws_instance.run_forever.return_value = None
63
+
64
+ with patch("colab_cli.console.threading.Thread"):
65
+ connect_console(mock_session)
66
+
67
+ # 1. Verify URL transformation
68
+ expected_url = "wss://8080-m-s-kkb-usc1f1.us-central1-1.colab.dev/colab/tty?colab-runtime-proxy-token=test-token"
69
+ mock_ws_app.assert_called_once()
70
+ assert mock_ws_app.call_args[1]["url"] == expected_url
71
+
72
+ # 2. Verify raw mode setup and teardown
73
+ mock_tcgetattr.assert_called_once_with(sys.stdin.fileno())
74
+ mock_setraw.assert_called_once_with(sys.stdin.fileno(), termios.TCSANOW)
75
+
76
+ # Teardown should happen in a finally block
77
+ mock_tcsetattr.assert_called_once_with(
78
+ sys.stdin.fileno(), termios.TCSANOW, ["fake_attrs"]
79
+ )
80
+
81
+
82
+@patch("colab_cli.console.websocket.WebSocketApp")
83
+@patch("colab_cli.console.tty.setraw")
84
+@patch("colab_cli.console.termios.tcgetattr")
85
+@patch("colab_cli.console.termios.tcsetattr")
86
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdin.isatty")
87
+def test_console_piped_input(
88
+ mock_isatty,
89
+ mock_tcsetattr,
90
+ mock_tcgetattr,
91
+ mock_setraw,
92
+ mock_ws_app,
93
+ mock_session,
94
+):
95
+ mock_isatty.return_value = False
96
+ mock_ws_instance = MagicMock()
97
+ mock_ws_app.return_value = mock_ws_instance
98
+ mock_ws_instance.run_forever.return_value = None
99
+
100
+ with patch("colab_cli.console.threading.Thread"):
101
+ connect_console(mock_session)
102
+
103
+ # In a piped environment, we should not attempt to use termios or tty
104
+ mock_tcgetattr.assert_not_called()
105
+ mock_setraw.assert_not_called()
106
+ mock_tcsetattr.assert_not_called()
107
+
108
+
109
+@patch("colab_cli.console.os.get_terminal_size")
110
+def test_on_open_sends_terminal_size(mock_get_term_size):
111
+ mock_ws = MagicMock()
112
+ mock_get_term_size.return_value = os.terminal_size((100, 40))
113
+
114
+ on_open(mock_ws)
115
+
116
+ # Verify that the initial terminal size is sent
117
+ mock_ws.send.assert_called_once()
118
+ payload = json.loads(mock_ws.send.call_args[0][0])
119
+ assert payload == {"cols": 100, "rows": 40}
120
+
121
+
122
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdout.buffer.write")
123
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdout.buffer.flush")
124
+def test_on_message_writes_to_stdout(mock_flush, mock_write):
125
+ mock_ws = MagicMock()
126
+ test_data = "Hello \x1b[34mWorld\x1b[0m"
127
+ message_json = json.dumps({"data": test_data})
128
+
129
+ on_message(mock_ws, message_json)
130
+
131
+ # Verify that the data is written exactly as received
132
+ mock_write.assert_called_once_with(test_data.encode("utf-8"))
133
+ mock_flush.assert_called_once()
134
+
135
+
136
+@patch("colab_cli.console.os.get_terminal_size")
137
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdin.isatty")
138
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdin")
139
+def test_read_stdin_eof_piped_sends_exit_and_closes_ws(
140
+ mock_stdin, mock_isatty, mock_get_term_size
141
+):
142
+ """When stdin is piped and reaches EOF, the read thread should send 'exit\\n'
143
+ to the remote shell and then close the websocket from the client side.
144
+
145
+ The remote shell at /colab/tty is wrapped in tmux which swallows the bare
146
+ \\x04 (Ctrl-D) we used to send, so EOF used to leave the websocket open
147
+ indefinitely. Sending 'exit\\n' + ws.close() guarantees clean termination.
148
+ """
149
+ import colab_cli.console as console_mod
150
+
151
+ mock_isatty.return_value = False
152
+ # Simulate piped stdin: returns one line then EOF
153
+ mock_stdin.read.side_effect = ["e", "c", "h", "o", " ", "h", "i", "\n", ""]
154
+ mock_get_term_size.return_value = os.terminal_size((80, 24))
155
+
156
+ mock_ws = MagicMock()
157
+
158
+ # on_open spawns the read thread; we want it to run synchronously here
159
+ # so we patch threading.Thread to call target immediately and join().
160
+ real_thread = []
161
+
162
+ class SyncThread:
163
+ def __init__(self, target, daemon=None):
164
+ self.target = target
165
+ real_thread.append(self)
166
+
167
+ def start(self):
168
+ self.target()
169
+
170
+ console_mod._is_running = True
171
+ with patch("colab_cli.console.threading.Thread", SyncThread):
172
+ # Use a tiny grace period for the test
173
+ with patch("colab_cli.console.PIPED_EOF_GRACE_SECONDS", 0.01):
174
+ on_open(mock_ws)
175
+
176
+ # Collect what was sent to the websocket
177
+ sent_payloads = [json.loads(c.args[0]) for c in mock_ws.send.call_args_list]
178
+
179
+ # Initial send is the terminal size; everything after is stdin chars or our exit string.
180
+ # Verify "exit\n" was sent on EOF (one send per character)
181
+ assert {"data": "exit\n"} in sent_payloads, (
182
+ f"Expected 'exit\\n' to be sent on piped EOF, got: {sent_payloads}"
183
+ )
184
+
185
+ # Verify we closed the websocket from the client side
186
+ mock_ws.close.assert_called_once()
187
+
188
+
189
+@patch("colab_cli.console.os.get_terminal_size")
190
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdin.isatty")
191
+@patch("colab_cli.console.sys.stdin")
192
+def test_read_stdin_eof_tty_does_not_close_ws(
193
+ mock_stdin, mock_isatty, mock_get_term_size
194
+):
195
+ """When stdin is a real TTY and read() returns empty (which happens on
196
+ Ctrl-D in raw mode), we should NOT inject 'exit\\n' or close the websocket
197
+ \u2014 the user is in interactive mode and may have intended Ctrl-D as a literal
198
+ char. The websocket lifecycle is owned by the remote shell in this case.
199
+ """
200
+ import colab_cli.console as console_mod
201
+
202
+ mock_isatty.return_value = True
203
+ # TTY EOF is rare but possible; should be passed through transparently
204
+ mock_stdin.read.side_effect = [""]
205
+ mock_get_term_size.return_value = os.terminal_size((80, 24))
206
+
207
+ mock_ws = MagicMock()
208
+
209
+ class SyncThread:
210
+ def __init__(self, target, daemon=None):
211
+ self.target = target
212
+
213
+ def start(self):
214
+ self.target()
215
+
216
+ console_mod._is_running = True
217
+ with patch("colab_cli.console.threading.Thread", SyncThread):
218
+ on_open(mock_ws)
219
+
220
+ sent_payloads = [json.loads(c.args[0]) for c in mock_ws.send.call_args_list]
221
+ assert {"data": "exit\n"} not in sent_payloads
222
+ mock_ws.close.assert_not_called()
tests/test_contents.py
new
+152
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import base64
16
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
17
+
18
+import pytest
19
+from colab_cli.contents import ContentsClient
20
+from requests import Response
21
+
22
+from colab_cli.state import SessionState
23
+
24
+
25
+@pytest.fixture
26
+def session():
27
+ return SessionState(
28
+ name="test-session",
29
+ token="test-token",
30
+ url="https://fake-endpoint.colab.dev",
31
+ endpoint="endpoint",
32
+ )
33
+
34
+
35
+@pytest.fixture
36
+def client(session):
37
+ return ContentsClient(session)
38
+
39
+
40
+@patch("colab_cli.contents.requests.request")
41
+def test_list_dir(mock_request, client):
42
+ mock_resp = MagicMock(spec=Response)
43
+ mock_resp.status_code = 200
44
+ mock_resp.json.return_value = {
45
+ "name": "content",
46
+ "type": "directory",
47
+ "content": [
48
+ {"name": "file.txt", "type": "file"},
49
+ {"name": "dir", "type": "directory"},
50
+ ],
51
+ }
52
+ mock_request.return_value = mock_resp
53
+
54
+ res = client.list_dir("content")
55
+
56
+ mock_request.assert_called_once_with(
57
+ "GET",
58
+ "https://fake-endpoint.colab.dev/api/contents/content",
59
+ params={"authuser": "0", "colab-runtime-proxy-token": "test-token"},
60
+ json=None,
61
+ )
62
+ assert res["type"] == "directory"
63
+ assert len(res["content"]) == 2
64
+
65
+
66
+@patch("colab_cli.contents.requests.request")
67
+def test_rm_file(mock_request, client):
68
+ mock_resp = MagicMock(spec=Response)
69
+ mock_resp.status_code = 204
70
+ mock_request.return_value = mock_resp
71
+
72
+ client.rm("content/file.txt")
73
+
74
+ mock_request.assert_called_once_with(
75
+ "DELETE",
76
+ "https://fake-endpoint.colab.dev/api/contents/content/file.txt",
77
+ params={"authuser": "0", "colab-runtime-proxy-token": "test-token"},
78
+ json=None,
79
+ )
80
+
81
+
82
+@patch("colab_cli.contents.requests.request")
83
+def test_404_error(mock_request, client):
84
+ mock_resp = MagicMock(spec=Response)
85
+ mock_resp.status_code = 404
86
+ mock_request.return_value = mock_resp
87
+
88
+ with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
89
+ client.list_dir("nonexistent")
90
+
91
+
92
+@patch("colab_cli.contents.requests.request")
93
+def test_download_file(mock_request, client, tmp_path):
94
+ mock_resp = MagicMock(spec=Response)
95
+ mock_resp.status_code = 200
96
+
97
+ # Mocking a base64 encoded response
98
+ content_bytes = b"Hello world!"
99
+ b64_content = base64.b64encode(content_bytes).decode("ascii")
100
+
101
+ mock_resp.json.return_value = {
102
+ "name": "test.txt",
103
+ "type": "file",
104
+ "format": "base64",
105
+ "content": b64_content,
106
+ }
107
+ mock_request.return_value = mock_resp
108
+
109
+ local_file = tmp_path / "test.txt"
110
+ client.download("content/test.txt", str(local_file))
111
+
112
+ mock_request.assert_called_once_with(
113
+ "GET",
114
+ "https://fake-endpoint.colab.dev/api/contents/content/test.txt",
115
+ params={
116
+ "authuser": "0",
117
+ "colab-runtime-proxy-token": "test-token",
118
+ "content": "1",
119
+ },
120
+ json=None,
121
+ )
122
+
123
+ assert local_file.read_bytes() == content_bytes
124
+
125
+
126
+@patch("colab_cli.contents.requests.request")
127
+def test_upload_file(mock_request, client, tmp_path):
128
+ mock_resp = MagicMock(spec=Response)
129
+ mock_resp.status_code = 200
130
+ mock_request.return_value = mock_resp
131
+
132
+ local_file = tmp_path / "test.txt"
133
+ content_bytes = b"Hello upload!"
134
+ local_file.write_bytes(content_bytes)
135
+
136
+ client.upload(str(local_file), "content/test.txt")
137
+
138
+ expected_b64 = base64.b64encode(content_bytes).decode("ascii")
139
+
140
+ mock_request.assert_called_once_with(
141
+ "PUT",
142
+ "https://fake-endpoint.colab.dev/api/contents/content/test.txt",
143
+ params={"authuser": "0", "colab-runtime-proxy-token": "test-token"},
144
+ json={
145
+ "name": "test.txt",
146
+ "path": "content/test.txt",
147
+ "type": "file",
148
+ "format": "base64",
149
+ "content": expected_b64,
150
+ "chunk": 1,
151
+ },
152
+ )
tests/test_exec.py
new
+178
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch, ANY
16
+
17
+import pytest
18
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
19
+
20
+from colab_cli.cli import app
21
+
22
+runner = CliRunner()
23
+
24
+
25
+@pytest.fixture
26
+def mock_store(mock_common_state):
27
+ return mock_common_state.store
28
+
29
+
30
+@pytest.fixture
31
+def mock_runtime_class(mocker):
32
+ # Patch it in the command module where it's used
33
+ return mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.ColabRuntime")
34
+
35
+
36
+def test_cli_exec_file(mock_store, mock_runtime_class, mock_common_state, tmp_path):
37
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
38
+ mock_session.url = "http://url"
39
+ mock_session.token = "token123"
40
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
41
+ mock_session.kernel_id = None
42
+ mock_session.session_id = None
43
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
44
+
45
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
46
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
47
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.return_value = [{"text": "hello\n"}]
48
+
49
+ script = tmp_path / "script.py"
50
+ script.write_text("print('hello')")
51
+
52
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["exec", "-s", "s1", "-f", str(script)])
53
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
54
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[0] == str(script)
55
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[1] is None
56
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[2] is not None
57
+ mock_store.add.assert_called_with(mock_session)
58
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_any_call(
59
+ "import os; os.makedirs('/content', exist_ok=True); os.chdir('/content')"
60
+ )
61
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_any_call("print('hello')", output_hook=ANY)
62
+
63
+
64
+def test_cli_exec_stdin(mock_store, mock_runtime_class, mock_common_state):
65
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
66
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
67
+ mock_session.url = "http://url"
68
+ mock_session.token = "token"
69
+ mock_session.kernel_id = None
70
+ mock_session.session_id = None
71
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
72
+
73
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
74
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
75
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.return_value = [{"data": {"text/plain": "42"}}]
76
+
77
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["exec", "-s", "s1"], input="print(42)")
78
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
79
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[0] == "stdin"
80
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[1] is None
81
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[2] is not None
82
+ mock_store.add.assert_called_with(mock_session)
83
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_any_call("print(42)", output_hook=ANY)
84
+
85
+
86
+def test_cli_exec_not_found(mock_common_state):
87
+ # Case where resolve_session fails
88
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.side_effect = SystemExit(1)
89
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["exec", "-s", "missing"])
90
+ assert result.exit_code == 1
91
+
92
+
93
+def test_cli_exec_no_input(mock_store, mock_common_state, mocker):
94
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
95
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
96
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
97
+
98
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
99
+
100
+ # Mock is_stdin_tty to True to trigger the "No input provided" error
101
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.is_stdin_tty", return_value=True)
102
+
103
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["exec", "-s", "s1"])
104
+ assert result.exit_code == 1
105
+ assert "No input provided" in result.output
106
+
107
+
108
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.handle_image")
109
+def test_cli_exec_outputs(
110
+ mock_handle_image, mock_store, mock_runtime_class, mock_common_state
111
+):
112
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
113
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
114
+ mock_session.url = "http://url"
115
+ mock_session.token = "token"
116
+ mock_session.kernel_id = None
117
+ mock_session.session_id = None
118
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
119
+
120
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
121
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
122
+
123
+ # We need to simulate the output_hook being called because the command now relies on it
124
+ # for immediate output, although it also returns the final list.
125
+ def mock_execute_code(code, output_hook=None, **kwargs):
126
+ outputs = [
127
+ {"data": {"image/png": "png_data"}},
128
+ {"data": {"image/jpeg": "jpeg_data"}},
129
+ {"output_type": "error", "ename": "ValueError", "evalue": "bad"},
130
+ {"output_type": "error", "traceback": ["line1\n", "line2\n"]},
131
+ ]
132
+ if output_hook:
133
+ for o in outputs:
134
+ output_hook(o)
135
+ return outputs
136
+
137
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.side_effect = mock_execute_code
138
+
139
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["exec", "-s", "s1"], input="do_stuff()")
140
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
141
+
142
+ mock_handle_image.assert_any_call("png_data", "image/png", target_path=None)
143
+ mock_handle_image.assert_any_call("jpeg_data", "image/jpeg", target_path=None)
144
+
145
+ assert "ValueError: bad\n" in result.stderr
146
+ assert "line1\nline2\n" in result.stderr
147
+
148
+
149
+def test_cli_exec_empty_code(mock_runtime_class, mock_store, mock_common_state):
150
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
151
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
152
+ mock_session.url = "http://url"
153
+ mock_session.token = "token"
154
+ mock_session.kernel_id = None
155
+ mock_session.session_id = None
156
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
157
+
158
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
159
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["exec", "-s", "s1"], input=" \n ")
160
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
161
+
162
+
163
+def test_cli_exec_lost_session_prunes(
164
+ mock_runtime_class, mock_store, mock_common_state
165
+):
166
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
167
+ mock_session.name = "lost-sess"
168
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
169
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "lost-sess"
170
+
171
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
172
+ # Simulate 404 during initialization
173
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.side_effect = Exception("404 Not Found")
174
+
175
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["exec", "-s", "lost-sess"], input="print(1)")
176
+ assert result.exit_code == 1
177
+ assert "appears to be lost" in result.output
178
+ mock_common_state.prune_session.assert_called_once_with("lost-sess")
tests/test_history.py
new
+52
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import tempfile
16
+import shutil
17
+import unittest
18
+from colab_cli.history import HistoryLogger
19
+
20
+
21
+class TestHistory(unittest.TestCase):
22
+ def setUp(self):
23
+ self.test_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
24
+ self.logger = HistoryLogger(log_dir=self.test_dir)
25
+
26
+ def tearDown(self):
27
+ shutil.rmtree(self.test_dir)
28
+
29
+ def test_log_and_get_history(self):
30
+ self.logger.log_event("test-session", "session_created", {"variant": "DEFAULT"})
31
+ self.logger.log_event(
32
+ "test-session", "execution", {"code": "print(1)", "outputs": []}
33
+ )
34
+
35
+ history = self.logger.get_history("test-session")
36
+ self.assertEqual(len(history), 2)
37
+ self.assertEqual(history[0]["event_type"], "session_created")
38
+ self.assertEqual(history[1]["event_type"], "execution")
39
+ self.assertEqual(history[1]["code"], "print(1)")
40
+
41
+ def test_list_sessions(self):
42
+ self.logger.log_event("s1", "event", {})
43
+ self.logger.log_event("s2", "event", {})
44
+
45
+ sessions = self.logger.list_sessions()
46
+ self.assertIn("s1", sessions)
47
+ self.assertIn("s2", sessions)
48
+ self.assertEqual(len(sessions), 2)
49
+
50
+
51
+if __name__ == "__main__":
52
+ unittest.main()
tests/test_ipynb_exec.py
new
+216
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import json
16
+import nbformat
17
+import os
18
+import pytest
19
+import shutil
20
+import sys
21
+import tempfile
22
+import unittest
23
+from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock, ANY
24
+from colab_cli.cli import main
25
+
26
+
27
+class TestIpynbExec(unittest.TestCase):
28
+ def setUp(self):
29
+ self.temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
30
+ self.nb_path = os.path.join(self.temp_dir, "test.ipynb")
31
+
32
+ # Create a simple v4 notebook
33
+ nb = {
34
+ "cells": [
35
+ {
36
+ "cell_type": "code",
37
+ "execution_count": None,
38
+ "id": "cell1",
39
+ "metadata": {},
40
+ "outputs": [],
41
+ "source": "print('cell 1')",
42
+ },
43
+ {
44
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
45
+ "id": "cell2",
46
+ "metadata": {},
47
+ "source": "# Markdown cell",
48
+ },
49
+ {
50
+ "cell_type": "code",
51
+ "execution_count": None,
52
+ "id": "cell3",
53
+ "metadata": {},
54
+ "outputs": [],
55
+ "source": "print('cell 2')",
56
+ },
57
+ ],
58
+ "metadata": {},
59
+ "nbformat": 4,
60
+ "nbformat_minor": 5,
61
+ }
62
+ with open(self.nb_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
63
+ json.dump(nb, f)
64
+
65
+ def tearDown(self):
66
+ shutil.rmtree(self.temp_dir)
67
+
68
+ @patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.ColabRuntime")
69
+ @patch("colab_cli.state.StateStore")
70
+ def test_exec_ipynb(
71
+ self,
72
+ mock_store_class,
73
+ mock_runtime_class,
74
+ ):
75
+ with patch.object(
76
+ sys, "argv", ["colab", "exec", "-s", "test-s", "-f", self.nb_path]
77
+ ):
78
+ mock_store = mock_store_class.return_value
79
+ mock_store.get.return_value = MagicMock(
80
+ name="test-s", url="http://url", token="token"
81
+ )
82
+
83
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
84
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.side_effect = [
85
+ [], # os.makedirs and os.chdir setup
86
+ [{"text": "cell 1\n"}],
87
+ [{"text": "cell 2\n"}],
88
+ ]
89
+
90
+ with patch("builtins.print"), pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
91
+ main()
92
+
93
+ assert error.value.code == 0
94
+
95
+ # Verify both code cells were executed (plus the setup cell)
96
+ self.assertEqual(mock_runtime.execute_code.call_count, 3)
97
+ self.assertIn(
98
+ "os.chdir", mock_runtime.execute_code.call_args_list[0].args[0]
99
+ )
100
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_any_call(
101
+ "print('cell 1')", output_hook=ANY
102
+ )
103
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_any_call(
104
+ "print('cell 2')", output_hook=ANY
105
+ )
106
+
107
+ @patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.ColabRuntime")
108
+ @patch("colab_cli.state.StateStore")
109
+ @patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.typer.echo")
110
+ def test_exec_ipynb_output_format(
111
+ self,
112
+ mock_echo,
113
+ mock_store_class,
114
+ mock_runtime_class,
115
+ ):
116
+ nb_path = os.path.join(self.temp_dir, "test_format.ipynb")
117
+ nb = {
118
+ "cells": [
119
+ {
120
+ "cell_type": "code",
121
+ "execution_count": None,
122
+ "id": "my-cell-id-123",
123
+ "metadata": {},
124
+ "outputs": [],
125
+ "source": "# @title My Special Cell\nprint('hello')",
126
+ },
127
+ {
128
+ "cell_type": "code",
129
+ "execution_count": None,
130
+ "id": "fallback-id-456",
131
+ "metadata": {},
132
+ "outputs": [],
133
+ "source": "print('world')",
134
+ },
135
+ ],
136
+ "metadata": {},
137
+ "nbformat": 4,
138
+ "nbformat_minor": 5,
139
+ }
140
+ with open(nb_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
141
+ json.dump(nb, f)
142
+
143
+ with patch.object(
144
+ sys, "argv", ["colab", "exec", "-s", "test-s", "-f", nb_path]
145
+ ):
146
+ mock_store = mock_store_class.return_value
147
+ mock_store.get.return_value = MagicMock(
148
+ name="test-s", url="http://url", token="token"
149
+ )
150
+
151
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
152
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.side_effect = [
153
+ [], # setup
154
+ [{"text": "hello\n"}],
155
+ [{"text": "world\n"}],
156
+ ]
157
+
158
+ with patch("builtins.print"), pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
159
+ main()
160
+
161
+ assert error.value.code == 0
162
+
163
+ mock_echo.assert_any_call("[colab] Executing cell 1/2 - My Special Cell...")
164
+ mock_echo.assert_any_call("[colab] Executing cell 2/2 - fallback-id-456...")
165
+
166
+ @patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.ColabRuntime")
167
+ @patch("colab_cli.state.StateStore")
168
+ @patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.typer.echo")
169
+ def test_exec_ipynb_creates_output_file(
170
+ self,
171
+ mock_echo,
172
+ mock_store_class,
173
+ mock_runtime_class,
174
+ ):
175
+ with patch.object(
176
+ sys, "argv", ["colab", "exec", "-s", "test-s", "-f", self.nb_path]
177
+ ):
178
+ mock_store = mock_store_class.return_value
179
+ mock_store.get.return_value = MagicMock(
180
+ name="test-s", url="http://url", token="token"
181
+ )
182
+
183
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
184
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.side_effect = [
185
+ [],
186
+ [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "cell 1\n"}],
187
+ [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "cell 2\n"}],
188
+ ]
189
+
190
+ with patch("builtins.print"), pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
191
+ main()
192
+
193
+ assert error.value.code == 0
194
+
195
+ output_nb_path = self.nb_path.replace(".ipynb", "_output.ipynb")
196
+ self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(output_nb_path))
197
+ with open(output_nb_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
198
+ output_nb = nbformat.read(f, as_version=4)
199
+
200
+ self.assertEqual(len(output_nb.cells), 3)
201
+ # cell 1 outputs
202
+ self.assertEqual(len(output_nb.cells[0].outputs), 1)
203
+ self.assertEqual(output_nb.cells[0].outputs[0].text, "cell 1\n")
204
+ # cell 2 is markdown
205
+ self.assertEqual(output_nb.cells[1].cell_type, "markdown")
206
+ self.assertFalse(
207
+ hasattr(output_nb.cells[1], "outputs")
208
+ and len(output_nb.cells[1].outputs) > 0
209
+ )
210
+ # cell 3 outputs
211
+ self.assertEqual(len(output_nb.cells[2].outputs), 1)
212
+ self.assertEqual(output_nb.cells[2].outputs[0].text, "cell 2\n")
213
+
214
+
215
+if __name__ == "__main__":
216
+ unittest.main()
tests/test_keep_alive.py
new
+423
@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch, PropertyMock
16
+
17
+import pytest
18
+import typer
19
+from colab_cli.client import ColabRequestError
20
+from colab_cli.state import SessionState
21
+from colab_cli.commands.session import new, stop, keep_alive
22
+
23
+
24
+def test_session_state_with_pid():
25
+ s = SessionState(
26
+ name="test",
27
+ token="tok",
28
+ url="http://",
29
+ endpoint="end",
30
+ keep_alive_pid=1234,
31
+ )
32
+ data = s.model_dump()
33
+ assert data["keep_alive_pid"] == 1234
34
+
35
+ s2 = SessionState(**data)
36
+ assert s2.keep_alive_pid == 1234
37
+
38
+
39
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.session.spawn_keep_alive")
40
+def test_new_spawns_keep_alive(mock_spawn, mock_common_state):
41
+ # mock_common_state is automatically provided by conftest.py
42
+ mock_common_state.client.assign.return_value = MagicMock(
43
+ endpoint="e1", runtime_proxy_info=MagicMock(token="t1", url="u1")
44
+ )
45
+ mock_spawn.return_value = 9999
46
+
47
+ new(session="test-sess")
48
+
49
+ assert mock_spawn.called
50
+ # Endpoint and session name are positional; auth provider is propagated
51
+ # so the detached daemon uses the same provider as the parent (otherwise
52
+ # the daemon falls back to Typer's --auth=oauth2 default and silently
53
+ # uses the wrong auth backend — verified live 2026-04-30).
54
+ assert mock_spawn.call_args.args == ("e1", "test-sess")
55
+ assert "auth_provider" in mock_spawn.call_args.kwargs
56
+
57
+ # Verify PID is saved in state
58
+ assert mock_common_state.store.add.called
59
+ state_saved = mock_common_state.store.add.call_args[0][0]
60
+ assert state_saved.keep_alive_pid == 9999
61
+
62
+
63
+def test_spawn_keep_alive_command_includes_auth_flag(mocker):
64
+ """spawn_keep_alive() must propagate `--auth=<provider>` as a global flag
65
+ BEFORE the `keep-alive` subcommand name. Without this, the detached child
66
+ falls back to the Typer default. Pin the exact arg ordering.
67
+ """
68
+ from colab_cli.auth import AuthProvider
69
+ from colab_cli.commands.session import spawn_keep_alive
70
+
71
+ mock_popen = mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.session.subprocess.Popen")
72
+ mock_popen.return_value.pid = 12345
73
+
74
+ spawn_keep_alive("ep1", "sess1", auth_provider=AuthProvider.ADC)
75
+
76
+ cmd = mock_popen.call_args.args[0]
77
+ # Global flags must come before the subcommand name in Typer.
78
+ assert "--auth=adc" in cmd
79
+ auth_idx = cmd.index("--auth=adc")
80
+ keep_alive_idx = cmd.index("keep-alive")
81
+ assert auth_idx < keep_alive_idx, f"--auth must precede 'keep-alive' but got: {cmd}"
82
+ # Endpoint and session_name must follow `keep-alive` in order.
83
+ assert cmd[keep_alive_idx + 1] == "ep1"
84
+ assert cmd[keep_alive_idx + 2] == "sess1"
85
+
86
+
87
+def test_spawn_keep_alive_command_includes_config_path(mocker):
88
+ """spawn_keep_alive() must propagate `--config <path>` as a global flag
89
+ so the daemon reads the same session state file as the parent. Without
90
+ this, a parent invoked with `--config /tmp/foo/sessions.json` writes
91
+ there but the daemon reads the default `~/.config/colab-cli/sessions.json`,
92
+ finds no session, and exits with `reason=session_not_found`. Discovered
93
+ while running the soak integration test 2026-04-30.
94
+ """
95
+ from colab_cli.commands.session import spawn_keep_alive
96
+
97
+ mock_popen = mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.session.subprocess.Popen")
98
+ mock_popen.return_value.pid = 12345
99
+
100
+ spawn_keep_alive("ep1", "sess1", config_path="/tmp/test/sessions.json")
101
+
102
+ cmd = mock_popen.call_args.args[0]
103
+ assert "--config" in cmd
104
+ cfg_idx = cmd.index("--config")
105
+ assert cmd[cfg_idx + 1] == "/tmp/test/sessions.json"
106
+ keep_alive_idx = cmd.index("keep-alive")
107
+ assert cfg_idx < keep_alive_idx, (
108
+ f"--config must precede 'keep-alive' but got: {cmd}"
109
+ )
110
+
111
+
112
+def test_spawn_keep_alive_omits_optional_flags_when_none(mocker):
113
+ """Backwards compat: callers that don't pass optional global flags get a
114
+ command line without them (the daemon uses Typer defaults)."""
115
+ from colab_cli.commands.session import spawn_keep_alive
116
+
117
+ mock_popen = mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.session.subprocess.Popen")
118
+ mock_popen.return_value.pid = 12345
119
+
120
+ spawn_keep_alive("ep1", "sess1")
121
+
122
+ cmd = mock_popen.call_args.args[0]
123
+ assert not any(c.startswith("--auth") for c in cmd)
124
+ assert "--config" not in cmd
125
+
126
+
127
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.session.spawn_keep_alive")
128
+def test_new_runs_keep_alive_preflight(mock_spawn, mock_common_state):
129
+ """`colab new` should pre-flight the keep-alive RPC before persisting the
130
+ session, so missing-scope failures are surfaced immediately rather than
131
+ silently after ~2 minutes."""
132
+ mock_common_state.client.assign.return_value = MagicMock(
133
+ endpoint="e1", runtime_proxy_info=MagicMock(token="t1", url="u1")
134
+ )
135
+ mock_spawn.return_value = 9999
136
+
137
+ new(session="test-sess")
138
+
139
+ mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.assert_called_once_with("e1")
140
+
141
+
142
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.session.spawn_keep_alive")
143
+def test_new_aborts_on_missing_scope(mock_spawn, mock_common_state):
144
+ """A 403 SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED on pre-flight should:
145
+ - print actionable remediation,
146
+ - unassign the VM (so we don't leak a billable assignment),
147
+ - exit non-zero,
148
+ - and NOT spawn the keep-alive daemon or persist the session.
149
+ """
150
+ mock_common_state.client.assign.return_value = MagicMock(
151
+ endpoint="e1", runtime_proxy_info=MagicMock(token="t1", url="u1")
152
+ )
153
+ mock_response = MagicMock()
154
+ mock_response.status_code = 403
155
+ scope_error = ColabRequestError(
156
+ "Forbidden",
157
+ MagicMock(),
158
+ mock_response,
159
+ response_body=(
160
+ '[7,"Request had insufficient authentication scopes.",[["type.'
161
+ 'googleapis.com/google.rpc.DebugInfo",[null,"Authentication error: '
162
+ "2; Error Details: {AuthType:7,ErrorCode:2,DebugInfo:gaia_mint_"
163
+ 'exchange::SCOPE_NOT_PERMITTED}"]]]]'
164
+ ),
165
+ )
166
+ mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.side_effect = scope_error
167
+
168
+ with pytest.raises(typer.Exit) as excinfo:
169
+ new(session="test-sess")
170
+ assert excinfo.value.exit_code == 1
171
+
172
+ # We unassigned the VM we just created.
173
+ mock_common_state.client.unassign.assert_called_once_with("e1")
174
+ # We did NOT spawn the keep-alive daemon.
175
+ mock_spawn.assert_not_called()
176
+ # We did NOT persist the session.
177
+ mock_common_state.store.add.assert_not_called()
178
+
179
+
180
+@patch("colab_cli.commands.session.spawn_keep_alive")
181
+def test_new_tolerates_non_scope_preflight_error(mock_spawn, mock_common_state):
182
+ """Non-scope errors (e.g. transient 5xx, 400 from a different cause) on
183
+ pre-flight should NOT block session creation — the daemon will retry and
184
+ log via the existing keep_alive_error path.
185
+ """
186
+ mock_common_state.client.assign.return_value = MagicMock(
187
+ endpoint="e1", runtime_proxy_info=MagicMock(token="t1", url="u1")
188
+ )
189
+ mock_response = MagicMock()
190
+ mock_response.status_code = 503
191
+ mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.side_effect = ColabRequestError(
192
+ "Service Unavailable",
193
+ MagicMock(),
194
+ mock_response,
195
+ response_body="upstream timeout",
196
+ )
197
+ mock_spawn.return_value = 9999
198
+
199
+ new(session="test-sess")
200
+
201
+ # We did NOT unassign — the session is still usable.
202
+ mock_common_state.client.unassign.assert_not_called()
203
+ # Daemon spawned and session persisted. `store.add` is called twice in
204
+ # the daemon-spawning path: once BEFORE spawn (so the daemon's initial
205
+ # session-existence check doesn't race), and once AFTER to record the
206
+ # keep_alive_pid. Final state must include the PID.
207
+ mock_spawn.assert_called_once()
208
+ assert mock_common_state.store.add.call_count == 2
209
+ final_state = mock_common_state.store.add.call_args.args[0]
210
+ assert final_state.keep_alive_pid == 9999
211
+
212
+
213
+@patch("colab_cli.common.kill_process")
214
+def test_stop_kills_keep_alive(mock_kill, mock_common_state):
215
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "test-sess"
216
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = SessionState(
217
+ name="test-sess", token="t1", url="u1", endpoint="e1", keep_alive_pid=9999
218
+ )
219
+
220
+ stop(session="test-sess")
221
+
222
+ mock_kill.assert_called_once_with(9999)
223
+
224
+
225
+def test_keep_alive_loop_basic(mock_common_state):
226
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = SessionState(
227
+ name="test", token="t", url="u", endpoint="e1"
228
+ )
229
+
230
+ with (
231
+ patch("time.sleep", side_effect=InterruptedError),
232
+ patch("time.time", side_effect=[0, 100]),
233
+ ):
234
+ with pytest.raises(InterruptedError):
235
+ keep_alive("e1", "test")
236
+
237
+ mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.assert_called_once_with("e1")
238
+
239
+
240
+def test_keep_alive_exits_on_consecutive_4xx(mock_common_state):
241
+ # Mock response for 404 error
242
+ mock_response = MagicMock()
243
+ mock_response.status_code = 404
244
+ error = ColabRequestError("Not Found", MagicMock(), mock_response)
245
+
246
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = SessionState(
247
+ name="test", token="t", url="u", endpoint="e1"
248
+ )
249
+ mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.side_effect = error
250
+
251
+ with (
252
+ patch("time.sleep") as mock_sleep,
253
+ patch("time.time", side_effect=range(0, 10000, 60)),
254
+ ):
255
+ # It should exit after 2 calls to ping (consecutive 4xx)
256
+ # We'll use side_effect on mock_sleep to detect if it loops too much
257
+ mock_sleep.side_effect = [None, None, Exception("LoopTooLong")]
258
+
259
+ try:
260
+ keep_alive("e1", "test")
261
+ except Exception as e:
262
+ if str(e) == "LoopTooLong":
263
+ pytest.fail("Keep alive loop did not exit after consecutive 4xx")
264
+ raise
265
+
266
+ assert mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.call_count == 2
267
+
268
+
269
+def test_keep_alive_resets_on_success(mock_common_state):
270
+ # Mock response for 404 error
271
+ mock_response_404 = MagicMock()
272
+ mock_response_404.status_code = 404
273
+ error_404 = ColabRequestError("Not Found", MagicMock(), mock_response_404)
274
+
275
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = SessionState(
276
+ name="test", token="t", url="u", endpoint="e1"
277
+ )
278
+
279
+ # ping sequence: 404, success, 404, 404
280
+ mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.side_effect = [
281
+ error_404,
282
+ None,
283
+ error_404,
284
+ error_404,
285
+ ]
286
+
287
+ with (
288
+ patch("time.sleep") as mock_sleep,
289
+ patch("time.time", side_effect=range(0, 10000, 60)),
290
+ ):
291
+ # We need to make sure it doesn't loop forever
292
+ mock_sleep.side_effect = [None, None, None, Exception("StopLoop")]
293
+
294
+ try:
295
+ keep_alive("e1", "test")
296
+ except Exception as e:
297
+ if str(e) != "StopLoop":
298
+ raise
299
+
300
+
301
+@patch("colab_cli.common.kill_process")
302
+def test_sync_sessions_handles_lost_vm(mock_kill, mock_common_state):
303
+ # Server returns empty list (indicating VM is gone)
304
+ mock_common_state.client.list_assignments.return_value = []
305
+
306
+ lost_session = SessionState(
307
+ name="lost-sess", token="t1", url="u1", endpoint="e1", keep_alive_pid=7777
308
+ )
309
+ # Local session has a keep_alive_pid
310
+ mock_common_state.store.list.return_value = {"lost-sess": lost_session}
311
+ # Ensure store.get returns the session too
312
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = lost_session
313
+
314
+ from colab_cli.common import State
315
+
316
+ real_state = State()
317
+
318
+ with (
319
+ patch.object(State, "store", new_callable=PropertyMock) as mock_store_prop,
320
+ patch.object(State, "client", new_callable=PropertyMock) as mock_client_prop,
321
+ patch.object(State, "history", new_callable=PropertyMock) as mock_hist_prop,
322
+ ):
323
+ mock_store_prop.return_value = mock_common_state.store
324
+ mock_client_prop.return_value = mock_common_state.client
325
+ mock_hist_prop.return_value = mock_common_state.history
326
+
327
+ real_state.sync_sessions()
328
+
329
+ mock_kill.assert_called_with(7777)
330
+
331
+
332
+def test_keep_alive_logging(mock_common_state):
333
+ # Mock successful run that eventually hits time limit
334
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = SessionState(
335
+ name="test", token="t", url="u", endpoint="e1"
336
+ )
337
+
338
+ # time.time() is called: start_time, loop-condition (force exit),
339
+ # and once at the end for duration_seconds calculation.
340
+ with (
341
+ patch("time.time", side_effect=[0, 24 * 3600 + 1, 24 * 3600 + 1]),
342
+ patch("time.sleep"),
343
+ ):
344
+ keep_alive("e1", "test")
345
+
346
+ # Verify logging
347
+ log_calls = mock_common_state.history.log_event.call_args_list
348
+ started = [c for c in log_calls if c.args[1] == "keep_alive_started"]
349
+ assert started, "expected keep_alive_started event"
350
+ assert started[0].args[2]["endpoint"] == "e1"
351
+ assert "pid" in started[0].args[2]
352
+
353
+ stopped = [c for c in log_calls if c.args[1] == "keep_alive_stopped"]
354
+ assert stopped, "expected keep_alive_stopped event"
355
+ payload = stopped[0].args[2]
356
+ assert payload["reason"] == "time_limit_reached"
357
+ assert "iterations" in payload
358
+ assert "duration_seconds" in payload
359
+
360
+
361
+def test_keep_alive_logging_session_gone(mock_common_state):
362
+ # Session not found in store
363
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = None
364
+
365
+ with patch("time.time", return_value=0), patch("time.sleep"):
366
+ keep_alive("e1", "test")
367
+
368
+ log_calls = mock_common_state.history.log_event.call_args_list
369
+ stopped = [c for c in log_calls if c.args[1] == "keep_alive_stopped"]
370
+ assert stopped, "expected keep_alive_stopped event"
371
+ payload = stopped[0].args[2]
372
+ assert payload["reason"] == "session_not_found"
373
+ assert payload["iterations"] == 1
374
+
375
+
376
+def test_keep_alive_logs_endpoint_mismatch_details(mock_common_state):
377
+ # Session exists but endpoint has changed.
378
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = SessionState(
379
+ name="test", token="t", url="u", endpoint="e2-new"
380
+ )
381
+
382
+ with patch("time.time", return_value=0), patch("time.sleep"):
383
+ keep_alive("e1-old", "test")
384
+
385
+ log_calls = mock_common_state.history.log_event.call_args_list
386
+ stopped = [c for c in log_calls if c.args[1] == "keep_alive_stopped"]
387
+ assert stopped, "expected keep_alive_stopped event"
388
+ payload = stopped[0].args[2]
389
+ assert payload["reason"] == "endpoint_mismatch"
390
+ assert payload["expected_endpoint"] == "e1-old"
391
+ assert payload["actual_endpoint"] == "e2-new"
392
+
393
+
394
+def test_keep_alive_logs_error_events_and_last_error(mock_common_state):
395
+ # Two consecutive 4xx errors -> exit, with per-error events + last_error in stop.
396
+ mock_response = MagicMock()
397
+ mock_response.status_code = 404
398
+ error = ColabRequestError("Not Found", MagicMock(), mock_response)
399
+
400
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = SessionState(
401
+ name="test", token="t", url="u", endpoint="e1"
402
+ )
403
+ mock_common_state.client.keep_alive_assignment.side_effect = error
404
+
405
+ with (
406
+ patch("time.sleep"),
407
+ patch("time.time", side_effect=range(0, 10000, 60)),
408
+ ):
409
+ keep_alive("e1", "test")
410
+
411
+ log_calls = mock_common_state.history.log_event.call_args_list
412
+
413
+ errors = [c for c in log_calls if c.args[1] == "keep_alive_error"]
414
+ assert len(errors) == 2, "expected one keep_alive_error per failed ping"
415
+ assert errors[0].args[2]["status_code"] == 404
416
+ assert errors[0].args[2]["error_type"] == "ColabRequestError"
417
+
418
+ stopped = [c for c in log_calls if c.args[1] == "keep_alive_stopped"]
419
+ assert stopped, "expected keep_alive_stopped event"
420
+ payload = stopped[0].args[2]
421
+ assert payload["reason"] == "consecutive_4xx_errors"
422
+ assert payload["last_error"]["status_code"] == 404
423
+ assert payload["last_error"]["error_type"] == "ColabRequestError"
tests/test_log_export.py
new
+109
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import json
16
+import os
17
+import shutil
18
+import sys
19
+import tempfile
20
+import unittest
21
+import pytest
22
+from unittest.mock import patch
23
+from colab_cli.cli import main
24
+from colab_cli.history import HistoryLogger
25
+
26
+
27
+class TestLogExport(unittest.TestCase):
28
+ def setUp(self):
29
+ self.temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
30
+ self.history_dir = os.path.join(self.temp_dir, "history")
31
+ os.makedirs(self.history_dir)
32
+ self.session_name = "test-export"
33
+ self.log_path = os.path.join(self.history_dir, f"{self.session_name}.jsonl")
34
+
35
+ # Sample events
36
+ events = [
37
+ {
38
+ "timestamp": "2026-03-23T12:00:00.000000+00:00",
39
+ "event_type": "session_created",
40
+ "endpoint": "ep1",
41
+ "accelerator": "NONE",
42
+ },
43
+ {
44
+ "timestamp": "2026-03-23T12:01:00.000000+00:00",
45
+ "event_type": "execution",
46
+ "code": "print(1)",
47
+ "outputs": [{"text": "1\n"}],
48
+ },
49
+ {
50
+ "timestamp": "2026-03-23T12:02:00.000000+00:00",
51
+ "event_type": "file_operation",
52
+ "op": "ls",
53
+ "path": "content",
54
+ },
55
+ ]
56
+ with open(self.log_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
57
+ for event in events:
58
+ f.write(json.dumps(event) + "\n")
59
+
60
+ def tearDown(self):
61
+ shutil.rmtree(self.temp_dir)
62
+ if os.path.exists(f"{self.session_name}.ipynb"):
63
+ os.remove(f"{self.session_name}.ipynb")
64
+
65
+ @patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.state")
66
+ def test_log_export(self, mock_state):
67
+ # Setup mocks to return our test events
68
+
69
+ # Real HistoryLogger to read our temp log
70
+ real_history = HistoryLogger(log_dir=self.history_dir)
71
+ mock_state.history.get_history.side_effect = real_history.get_history
72
+
73
+ with patch.object(
74
+ sys,
75
+ "argv",
76
+ [
77
+ "colab",
78
+ "log",
79
+ "-s",
80
+ self.session_name,
81
+ "-o",
82
+ f"{self.session_name}.ipynb",
83
+ ],
84
+ ):
85
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exitinfo:
86
+ main()
87
+ self.assertEqual(exitinfo.value.code, 0)
88
+
89
+ output_file = f"{self.session_name}.ipynb"
90
+ self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(output_file))
91
+
92
+ with open(output_file, "r") as f:
93
+ nb = json.load(f)
94
+ # Should have title, session_created md, execution code, and file_op md cells
95
+ # Total cells: 4 (title, session_created, execution, file_op)
96
+ self.assertEqual(len(nb["cells"]), 4)
97
+ self.assertEqual(nb["cells"][2]["cell_type"], "code")
98
+ source = nb["cells"][2]["source"]
99
+ if isinstance(source, list):
100
+ source = "".join(source)
101
+ self.assertEqual(source, "print(1)")
102
+ output_text = nb["cells"][2]["outputs"][0]["text"]
103
+ if isinstance(output_text, list):
104
+ output_text = "".join(output_text)
105
+ self.assertEqual(output_text, "1\n")
106
+
107
+
108
+if __name__ == "__main__":
109
+ unittest.main()
tests/test_pay.py
new
+30
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import pytest
16
+import sys
17
+from unittest.mock import patch
18
+from colab_cli.cli import main
19
+
20
+
21
+def test_cli_pay(mock_common_state):
22
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "pay"]):
23
+ with patch("webbrowser.open") as mock_open:
24
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
25
+ main()
26
+
27
+ assert error.value.code == 0
28
+ mock_open.assert_called_once_with(
29
+ "https://colab.research.google.com/signup"
30
+ )
tests/test_repl.py
new
+268
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch, ANY
16
+
17
+import pytest
18
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
19
+
20
+from colab_cli.cli import app
21
+from colab_cli.repl import ColabREPL
22
+
23
+runner = CliRunner()
24
+
25
+
26
+@pytest.fixture
27
+def mock_store(mock_common_state):
28
+ return mock_common_state.store
29
+
30
+
31
+@pytest.fixture
32
+def mock_runtime_class(mocker):
33
+ # Patch it in the command module where it's used
34
+ return mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.ColabRuntime")
35
+
36
+
37
+@patch("colab_cli.repl.handle_image")
38
+def test_repl_display_output(mock_handle_image, capsys):
39
+ runtime = MagicMock()
40
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime)
41
+
42
+ outputs = [
43
+ {"text": "hello"},
44
+ {"data": {"image/png": "png_data", "text/plain": "<Figure size>"}},
45
+ {"data": {"image/jpeg": "jpeg_data", "text/plain": "other_text"}},
46
+ {"output_type": "error", "ename": "ValueError", "evalue": "bad"},
47
+ {"output_type": "error", "traceback": ["line1\n", "line2\n"]},
48
+ ]
49
+
50
+ for o in outputs:
51
+ repl_inst.display_output(o)
52
+
53
+ mock_handle_image.assert_any_call("png_data", "image/png", target_path=None)
54
+ mock_handle_image.assert_any_call("jpeg_data", "image/jpeg", target_path=None)
55
+
56
+ captured = capsys.readouterr()
57
+ assert "hello" in captured.out
58
+ assert "other_text" in captured.out
59
+ assert "ValueError: bad" in captured.out
60
+ assert "line1\nline2\n" in captured.out
61
+
62
+
63
+def test_repl_execute(mock_store, mock_common_state):
64
+ runtime = MagicMock()
65
+
66
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
67
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
68
+
69
+ def mock_execute_code(code, output_hook=None, **kwargs):
70
+ o = {"text": "done"}
71
+ if output_hook:
72
+ output_hook(o)
73
+ return [o]
74
+
75
+ runtime.execute_code.side_effect = mock_execute_code
76
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime, session_name="s1")
77
+
78
+ with patch.object(repl_inst, "display_output") as mock_display:
79
+ repl_inst.execute("print(1)")
80
+ mock_display.assert_called_once_with({"text": "done"})
81
+ assert repl_inst.repl_history[0]["input"] == "print(1)"
82
+
83
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[0] == "REPL"
84
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[1] is None
85
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[2] is not None
86
+ mock_store.add.assert_called_with(mock_session)
87
+
88
+
89
+def test_cli_repl_interactive(
90
+ mock_runtime_class, mock_store, mock_common_state, mocker
91
+):
92
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
93
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
94
+ mock_session.url = "http://url"
95
+ mock_session.token = "token"
96
+ mock_session.kernel_id = None
97
+ mock_session.session_id = None
98
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
99
+
100
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
101
+
102
+ # Mock is_stdin_tty to True to follow the interactive path
103
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.execution.is_stdin_tty", return_value=True)
104
+
105
+ # Simulate TTY for interactive REPL
106
+ with patch("colab_cli.repl.ColabREPL") as mock_repl_class:
107
+ # Mock run to prevent infinite loop or errors
108
+ mock_repl_class.return_value.run.return_value = None
109
+ runner.invoke(app, ["repl", "-s", "s1"])
110
+ assert mock_repl_class.called
111
+
112
+
113
+def test_cli_repl_piped(mock_runtime_class, mock_store, mock_common_state):
114
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
115
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
116
+ mock_session.url = "http://url"
117
+ mock_session.token = "token"
118
+ mock_session.kernel_id = None
119
+ mock_session.session_id = None
120
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
121
+
122
+ mock_runtime = mock_runtime_class.return_value
123
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.return_value = [{"text": "done piped"}]
124
+
125
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
126
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["repl", "-s", "s1"], input="print(1)")
127
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
128
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[0] == "stdin"
129
+ assert mock_session.last_execution[2] is not None
130
+ mock_store.add.assert_called_with(mock_session)
131
+ mock_runtime.execute_code.assert_any_call("print(1)", output_hook=ANY)
132
+
133
+
134
+def test_cli_repl_missing_session(mock_common_state):
135
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.side_effect = SystemExit(1)
136
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["repl", "-s", "missing"])
137
+ assert result.exit_code == 1
138
+
139
+
140
+def test_cli_repl_piped_empty(mock_runtime_class, mock_store, mock_common_state):
141
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
142
+ mock_session.name = "s1"
143
+ mock_session.url = "http://url"
144
+ mock_session.token = "token"
145
+ mock_session.kernel_id = None
146
+ mock_session.session_id = None
147
+ mock_store.get.return_value = mock_session
148
+
149
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
150
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["repl", "-s", "s1"], input=" \n ")
151
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
152
+
153
+
154
+def test_repl_print_info_error(capsys):
155
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(MagicMock())
156
+ repl_inst.print_info("info_msg")
157
+ repl_inst.print_error("err_msg")
158
+
159
+
160
+@patch("colab_cli.repl.handle_image")
161
+def test_repl_display_output_image_suppress_text(mock_handle_image, capsys):
162
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(MagicMock())
163
+ output = {"data": {"image/png": "png_data", "text/plain": "<Figure size>"}}
164
+ repl_inst.display_output(output)
165
+ mock_handle_image.assert_called_once_with("png_data", "image/png", target_path=None)
166
+
167
+ captured = capsys.readouterr()
168
+ assert "<Figure size>" not in captured.out
169
+
170
+
171
+def test_repl_execute_error(capsys):
172
+ runtime = MagicMock()
173
+ runtime.execute_code.side_effect = Exception("Kernel ded")
174
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime)
175
+
176
+ repl_inst.execute("print(1)")
177
+
178
+ captured = capsys.readouterr()
179
+ assert "Kernel ded" in captured.out
180
+
181
+
182
+def test_repl_run_quit_aliases(mocker):
183
+ runtime = MagicMock()
184
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime)
185
+ repl_inst.session = MagicMock()
186
+
187
+ # Test /quit
188
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = ["/quit"]
189
+ repl_inst.run()
190
+ assert runtime.stop.called
191
+
192
+ # Test quit()
193
+ runtime.stop.reset_mock()
194
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = ["quit()"]
195
+ repl_inst.run()
196
+ assert runtime.stop.called
197
+
198
+ # Test exit()
199
+ runtime.stop.reset_mock()
200
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = ["exit()"]
201
+ repl_inst.run()
202
+ assert runtime.stop.called
203
+
204
+
205
+def test_repl_run_misc_inputs(mocker, capsys):
206
+ runtime = MagicMock()
207
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime)
208
+ repl_inst.session = MagicMock()
209
+
210
+ # None result, empty string, then exit()
211
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = [None, " ", "exit()"]
212
+ repl_inst.run()
213
+ assert runtime.stop.called
214
+
215
+
216
+def test_repl_run_exceptions(mocker, capsys):
217
+ runtime = MagicMock()
218
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime)
219
+ repl_inst.session = MagicMock()
220
+
221
+ # EOFError
222
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = [EOFError()]
223
+ repl_inst.run()
224
+ assert "Goodbye!" in capsys.readouterr().out
225
+
226
+ # KeyboardInterrupt
227
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = [KeyboardInterrupt(), "exit()"]
228
+ repl_inst.run()
229
+
230
+ # Generic Exception
231
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = [Exception("ouch"), "exit()"]
232
+ repl_inst.run()
233
+ assert "REPL Error: ouch" in capsys.readouterr().out
234
+
235
+
236
+def test_repl_run_executes_code(mocker):
237
+ runtime = MagicMock()
238
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime)
239
+ repl_inst.session = MagicMock()
240
+
241
+ with patch.object(repl_inst, "execute") as mock_execute:
242
+ repl_inst.session.prompt.side_effect = ["print(1)", "/quit"]
243
+ repl_inst.run()
244
+ mock_execute.assert_called_once_with("print(1)")
245
+
246
+
247
+def test_repl_execute_with_history(mock_store):
248
+ runtime = MagicMock()
249
+ history_logger = MagicMock()
250
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime, session_name="s1", history_logger=history_logger)
251
+
252
+ repl_inst.execute("print(1)")
253
+ assert history_logger.log_event.called
254
+
255
+
256
+def test_repl_key_bindings(mocker):
257
+ runtime = MagicMock()
258
+ repl_inst = ColabREPL(runtime)
259
+
260
+ # Trigger 'enter' binding (which is mapped to c-m in prompt_toolkit)
261
+ mock_event = MagicMock()
262
+ repl_inst.kb.get_bindings_for_keys(("c-m",))[0].handler(mock_event)
263
+ assert mock_event.current_buffer.validate_and_handle.called
264
+
265
+ # Trigger 'c-j' binding
266
+ mock_event = MagicMock()
267
+ repl_inst.kb.get_bindings_for_keys(("c-j",))[0].handler(mock_event)
268
+ mock_event.current_buffer.insert_text.assert_called_with("\n")
tests/test_resolution_logic.py
new
+119
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
16
+import pytest
17
+import typer
18
+from colab_cli.auth import AuthProvider
19
+from colab_cli.common import State
20
+
21
+
22
+def test_resolve_session_no_local_sessions():
23
+ state = State()
24
+ state._store = MagicMock()
25
+ state._store.list.return_value = {}
26
+
27
+ with patch("typer.echo") as mock_echo:
28
+ with pytest.raises(typer.Exit):
29
+ state.resolve_session(None)
30
+ mock_echo.assert_any_call(
31
+ "[colab] Error: No active sessions found. Create one with 'colab new'."
32
+ )
33
+
34
+
35
+def test_resolve_session_with_local_but_none_on_server():
36
+ state = State()
37
+ state._store = MagicMock()
38
+ # Local session exists
39
+ mock_session = MagicMock()
40
+ mock_session.endpoint = "e1"
41
+ state._store.list.return_value = {"s1": mock_session}
42
+
43
+ # But server says no assignments
44
+ state._client = MagicMock()
45
+ state._client.list_assignments.return_value = []
46
+
47
+ # Mock history and store.remove
48
+ state._history = MagicMock()
49
+
50
+ with patch("typer.echo") as mock_echo:
51
+ with pytest.raises(typer.Exit):
52
+ state.resolve_session(None)
53
+ mock_echo.assert_any_call("[colab] Pruned 1 stale local session(s).")
54
+ mock_echo.assert_any_call(
55
+ "[colab] Error: No active sessions found. Create one with 'colab new'."
56
+ )
57
+
58
+ state._store.remove.assert_called_with("s1")
59
+
60
+
61
+def test_sync_sessions_avoids_client_if_no_local():
62
+ state = State()
63
+ state._store = MagicMock()
64
+ state._store.list.return_value = {}
65
+
66
+ # We want to verify that self.client is NOT accessed if store.list() is empty
67
+ # unless we explicitly call sync_sessions.
68
+ # Actually, in my current implementation of sync_sessions, I still call self.client.list_assignments()
69
+ # to support 'colab sessions' but I wrap it in a try-except.
70
+
71
+ with patch.object(State, "client", new_callable=MagicMock) as mock_client_prop:
72
+ state.sync_sessions()
73
+ # My implementation DOES call it to return assignments.
74
+ mock_client_prop.list_assignments.assert_called_once()
75
+
76
+
77
+def test_resolve_session_avoids_sync_if_no_local():
78
+ state = State()
79
+ state._store = MagicMock()
80
+ state._store.list.return_value = {}
81
+
82
+ with patch.object(State, "sync_sessions") as mock_sync:
83
+ with pytest.raises(typer.Exit):
84
+ state.resolve_session(None)
85
+ mock_sync.assert_not_called()
86
+
87
+
88
+def test_state_client_auth_flag_propagation():
89
+ state = State()
90
+ state.auth_provider = AuthProvider.OAUTH2
91
+
92
+ with patch("colab_cli.common.get_credentials") as mock_get_creds:
93
+ with patch("colab_cli.common.Client"):
94
+ _ = state.client
95
+ mock_get_creds.assert_called_once()
96
+ args, kwargs = mock_get_creds.call_args
97
+ assert kwargs["provider"] is AuthProvider.OAUTH2
98
+
99
+
100
+def test_state_client_auth_provider_default_is_oauth2():
101
+ state = State()
102
+ assert state.auth_provider is AuthProvider.OAUTH2
103
+
104
+ with patch("colab_cli.common.get_credentials") as mock_get_creds:
105
+ with patch("colab_cli.common.Client"):
106
+ _ = state.client
107
+ args, kwargs = mock_get_creds.call_args
108
+ assert kwargs["provider"] is AuthProvider.OAUTH2
109
+
110
+
111
+def test_state_client_auth_provider_adc():
112
+ state = State()
113
+ state.auth_provider = AuthProvider.ADC
114
+
115
+ with patch("colab_cli.common.get_credentials") as mock_get_creds:
116
+ with patch("colab_cli.common.Client"):
117
+ _ = state.client
118
+ args, kwargs = mock_get_creds.call_args
119
+ assert kwargs["provider"] is AuthProvider.ADC
tests/test_runtime.py
new
+120
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
16
+
17
+import jupyter_kernel_client
18
+
19
+from colab_cli.runtime import ColabRuntime
20
+
21
+
22
+@patch("colab_cli.runtime.jupyter_kernel_client.KernelClient")
23
+def test_colab_runtime_kernel_client(mock_kc_cls):
24
+ mock_kc = mock_kc_cls.return_value
25
+
26
+ runtime = ColabRuntime("http://url", "token123")
27
+
28
+ assert runtime._kernel_client is None
29
+
30
+ kc = runtime.kernel_client
31
+
32
+ mock_kc_cls.assert_called_once_with(
33
+ server_url="http://url",
34
+ token="token123",
35
+ kernel_id=None,
36
+ client_kwargs={
37
+ "subprotocol": jupyter_kernel_client.JupyterSubprotocol.DEFAULT,
38
+ "extra_params": {"colab-runtime-proxy-token": "token123"},
39
+ },
40
+ headers={
41
+ "X-Colab-Client-Agent": "colab-cli",
42
+ "X-Colab-Runtime-Proxy-Token": "token123",
43
+ },
44
+ )
45
+ mock_kc.start.assert_called_once()
46
+ assert kc == mock_kc
47
+
48
+
49
+def test_colab_runtime_execute_code():
50
+ runtime = ColabRuntime("http://url", "token123")
51
+ mock_kc = MagicMock()
52
+ runtime._kernel_client = mock_kc
53
+
54
+ # Test empty reply
55
+ mock_kc.execute.return_value = {}
56
+ assert runtime.execute_code("print(1)") == []
57
+
58
+ # Test normal reply
59
+ mock_kc.execute.return_value = {"outputs": [{"text": "1\n"}]}
60
+ assert runtime.execute_code("print(1)") == [{"text": "1\n"}]
61
+
62
+ # Test error status without error output
63
+ mock_kc.execute.return_value = {
64
+ "status": "error",
65
+ "ename": "ValueError",
66
+ "evalue": "bad",
67
+ "outputs": [{"text": "partial"}],
68
+ }
69
+ outputs = runtime.execute_code("raise ValueError")
70
+ assert len(outputs) == 2
71
+ assert outputs[0] == {"text": "partial"}
72
+ assert outputs[1] == {
73
+ "output_type": "error",
74
+ "ename": "ValueError",
75
+ "evalue": "bad",
76
+ "traceback": [],
77
+ }
78
+
79
+
80
+def test_colab_runtime_stop():
81
+ runtime = ColabRuntime("http://url", "token123")
82
+ mock_kc = MagicMock()
83
+ runtime._kernel_client = mock_kc
84
+
85
+ runtime.stop()
86
+ mock_kc._manager.client.stop_channels.assert_called_once()
87
+
88
+
89
+def test_colab_runtime_stop_exception(caplog):
90
+ runtime = ColabRuntime("http://url", "token123")
91
+ mock_kc = MagicMock()
92
+ mock_kc._manager.client.stop_channels.side_effect = Exception("Stop failed")
93
+ runtime._kernel_client = mock_kc
94
+
95
+ runtime.stop() # Should not raise
96
+ assert "Error stopping kernel client" in caplog.text
97
+
98
+
99
+def test_colab_runtime_stdin_logging():
100
+ mock_history = MagicMock()
101
+ runtime = ColabRuntime(
102
+ "http://url", "token", session_name="test-s", history=mock_history
103
+ )
104
+ mock_kc = MagicMock()
105
+ runtime._kernel_client = mock_kc
106
+
107
+ mock_kc.execute.side_effect = lambda code, allow_stdin=False, stdin_hook=None: {
108
+ "outputs": [{"text": stdin_hook("Enter something: ")}]
109
+ }
110
+
111
+ with patch("colab_cli.runtime.input", return_value="user input"):
112
+ outputs = runtime.execute_code("code", allow_stdin=True)
113
+
114
+ assert outputs == [{"text": "user input"}]
115
+ mock_history.log_event.assert_any_call(
116
+ "test-s", "stdin_request", {"prompt": "Enter something: "}
117
+ )
118
+ mock_history.log_event.assert_any_call(
119
+ "test-s", "input_reply", {"value": "user input"}
120
+ )
tests/test_state.py
new
+123
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import os
16
+import pytest
17
+import tempfile
18
+import threading
19
+from datetime import datetime
20
+from colab_cli.state import StateStore, SessionState, SettingsStore, Settings
21
+
22
+
23
+@pytest.fixture
24
+def temp_config():
25
+ with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".json", delete=False) as f:
26
+ path = f.name
27
+ yield path
28
+ if os.path.exists(path):
29
+ os.remove(path)
30
+
31
+
32
+def test_state_store_add_get(temp_config):
33
+ store = StateStore(temp_config)
34
+ state = SessionState(
35
+ name="test-session",
36
+ token="token123",
37
+ url="http://localhost",
38
+ endpoint="endpoint456",
39
+ variant="TPU",
40
+ accelerator="V5E1",
41
+ )
42
+ store.add(state)
43
+
44
+ # Reload store
45
+ new_store = StateStore(temp_config)
46
+ loaded = new_store.get("test-session")
47
+ assert loaded is not None
48
+ assert loaded.name == "test-session"
49
+ assert loaded.token == "token123"
50
+ assert loaded.variant == "TPU"
51
+
52
+
53
+def test_state_store_remove(temp_config):
54
+ store = StateStore(temp_config)
55
+ state = SessionState(name="to-be-removed", token="tok", url="url", endpoint="end")
56
+ store.add(state)
57
+ assert store.get("to-be-removed") is not None
58
+
59
+ store.remove("to-be-removed")
60
+ assert store.get("to-be-removed") is None
61
+
62
+ # Reload check
63
+ new_store = StateStore(temp_config)
64
+ assert new_store.get("to-be-removed") is None
65
+
66
+
67
+def test_state_store_list(temp_config):
68
+ store = StateStore(temp_config)
69
+ s1 = SessionState(name="s1", token="t1", url="u1", endpoint="e1")
70
+ s2 = SessionState(name="s2", token="t2", url="u2", endpoint="e2")
71
+ store.add(s1)
72
+ store.add(s2)
73
+
74
+ sessions = store.list()
75
+ assert len(sessions) == 2
76
+ assert "s1" in sessions
77
+ assert "s2" in sessions
78
+
79
+
80
+def test_state_store_invalid_json(temp_config):
81
+ with open(temp_config, "w") as f:
82
+ f.write("invalid json")
83
+
84
+ store = StateStore(temp_config)
85
+ assert store.list() == {}
86
+
87
+
88
+def test_state_store_concurrency(temp_config):
89
+ def add_sessions(start, count, path):
90
+ store = StateStore(path)
91
+ for i in range(start, start + count):
92
+ s = SessionState(name=f"s{i}", token="t", url="u", endpoint="e")
93
+ store.add(s)
94
+
95
+ t1 = threading.Thread(target=add_sessions, args=(0, 50, temp_config))
96
+ t2 = threading.Thread(target=add_sessions, args=(50, 50, temp_config))
97
+
98
+ t1.start()
99
+ t2.start()
100
+ t1.join()
101
+ t2.join()
102
+
103
+ new_store = StateStore(temp_config)
104
+ # This might pass or fail depending on luck without locking
105
+ # But usually it fails with 100 iterations.
106
+ assert len(new_store.list()) == 100
107
+
108
+
109
+def test_settings_store_defaults(temp_config):
110
+ store = SettingsStore(temp_config)
111
+ settings = store.load()
112
+ assert settings.enable_update_check is True
113
+ assert settings.last_check is None
114
+
115
+
116
+def test_settings_store_save_load(temp_config):
117
+ store = SettingsStore(temp_config)
118
+ settings = Settings(enable_update_check=False, last_check=datetime(2026, 1, 1))
119
+ store.save(settings)
120
+
121
+ loaded = SettingsStore(temp_config).load()
122
+ assert loaded.enable_update_check is False
123
+ assert loaded.last_check == datetime(2026, 1, 1)
tests/test_streaming.py
new
+98
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
16
+from colab_cli.runtime import ColabRuntime
17
+
18
+
19
+def test_runtime_execute_code_streaming():
20
+ runtime = ColabRuntime("http://url", "token")
21
+ mock_client = MagicMock()
22
+
23
+ # Mock the return value of execute_interactive (the raw reply)
24
+ mock_client.execute_interactive.return_value = {"content": {"status": "ok"}}
25
+
26
+ # Inject our mock client
27
+ runtime._kernel_client = mock_client
28
+
29
+ streamed_outputs = []
30
+
31
+ def output_hook(o):
32
+ streamed_outputs.append(o)
33
+
34
+ code = "print(1); print(2)"
35
+
36
+ # We need to simulate the execution where execute_interactive is called
37
+ # and it calls our wrapped_output_hook.
38
+ # Since wrapped_output_hook is defined inside execute_code, we have to
39
+ # intercept the call to execute_interactive to get a reference to it.
40
+
41
+ def side_effect(code, output_hook=None, **kwargs):
42
+ # Simulate messages arriving
43
+ msg1 = {
44
+ "header": {"msg_type": "stream"},
45
+ "content": {"name": "stdout", "text": "1\n"},
46
+ }
47
+ msg2 = {
48
+ "header": {"msg_type": "stream"},
49
+ "content": {"name": "stdout", "text": "2\n"},
50
+ }
51
+ if output_hook:
52
+ output_hook(msg1)
53
+ output_hook(msg2)
54
+ return {"content": {"status": "ok"}}
55
+
56
+ mock_client.execute_interactive.side_effect = side_effect
57
+
58
+ outputs = runtime.execute_code(code, output_hook=output_hook)
59
+
60
+ assert len(outputs) == 2
61
+ assert outputs[0]["text"] == "1\n"
62
+ assert outputs[1]["text"] == "2\n"
63
+
64
+ # Verify streaming hook was called
65
+ assert len(streamed_outputs) == 2
66
+ assert streamed_outputs[0]["text"] == "1\n"
67
+ assert streamed_outputs[1]["text"] == "2\n"
68
+
69
+
70
+def test_runtime_execute_code_streaming_error_synthesis():
71
+ runtime = ColabRuntime("http://url", "token")
72
+ mock_client = MagicMock()
73
+
74
+ # Simulate an error reply but NO error output message
75
+ mock_client.execute_interactive.return_value = {
76
+ "content": {
77
+ "status": "error",
78
+ "ename": "RuntimeError",
79
+ "evalue": "something went wrong",
80
+ "traceback": ["tb line 1"],
81
+ }
82
+ }
83
+ runtime._kernel_client = mock_client
84
+
85
+ streamed_outputs = []
86
+ outputs = runtime.execute_code(
87
+ "fail()", output_hook=lambda o: streamed_outputs.append(o)
88
+ )
89
+
90
+ # Final outputs should include synthesized error
91
+ assert len(outputs) == 1
92
+ assert outputs[0]["output_type"] == "error"
93
+ assert outputs[0]["ename"] == "RuntimeError"
94
+
95
+ # Note: synthesized error is added AFTER execute_interactive returns,
96
+ # so it won't be in streamed_outputs unless we specifically add logic for it.
97
+ # Currently it's only in the returned list.
98
+ assert len(streamed_outputs) == 0
tests/test_update.py
new
+462
@@ -0,0 +1,462 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import json
16
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
17
+
18
+import pytest
19
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
20
+
21
+from colab_cli.cli import app
22
+from colab_cli.state import Settings
23
+
24
+runner = CliRunner()
25
+
26
+
27
+# ---------- Shared fixtures ----------------------------------------------
28
+
29
+
30
+@pytest.fixture
31
+def fake_settings(mocker):
32
+ """Return a builder that mocks the SettingsStore with caller-provided overrides.
33
+
34
+ The mocked ``load()`` returns a fresh copy of the seeded ``Settings`` on
35
+ each call, mirroring real on-disk reads. Mutations made by
36
+ ``check_for_updates`` to the loaded copy are captured via
37
+ ``SettingsStore.save`` (also mocked) and re-applied to the seed so that
38
+ subsequent ``load()`` calls reflect them — matching the persistence
39
+ behavior end-to-end.
40
+ """
41
+
42
+ def _build(**overrides):
43
+ kwargs = {
44
+ "update_url": "http://test.url",
45
+ "last_check": None,
46
+ **overrides,
47
+ }
48
+ # Wrap the live object in a list so the inner closures can rebind it
49
+ # while still letting tests read the latest state via ``current[0]``.
50
+ current = [Settings(**kwargs)]
51
+
52
+ def _load():
53
+ return current[0].model_copy()
54
+
55
+ def _save(updated):
56
+ current[0] = updated.model_copy()
57
+
58
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.state.SettingsStore.load", side_effect=_load)
59
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.state.SettingsStore.save", side_effect=_save)
60
+
61
+ # Expose a `.current` accessor returning the latest persisted state.
62
+ # The returned proxy supports attribute access for convenience.
63
+ class _Proxy:
64
+ def __getattr__(self, name):
65
+ return getattr(current[0], name)
66
+
67
+ return _Proxy()
68
+
69
+ return _build
70
+
71
+
72
+@pytest.fixture
73
+def mock_pypi(mocker):
74
+ """Stub ``urllib.request.urlopen`` to return ``payload`` (or raise ``error``)."""
75
+
76
+ def _mock(payload=None, *, error=None):
77
+ if error is not None:
78
+ mocker.patch("urllib.request.urlopen", side_effect=error)
79
+ return
80
+ m = mocker.patch("urllib.request.urlopen")
81
+ m.return_value.__enter__.return_value.read.return_value = json.dumps(
82
+ payload
83
+ ).encode("utf-8")
84
+
85
+ return _mock
86
+
87
+
88
+@pytest.fixture
89
+def app_version(mocker):
90
+ """Pin the locally-installed CLI version to the requested value."""
91
+
92
+ def _set(v):
93
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.get_app_version", return_value=v)
94
+
95
+ return _set
96
+
97
+
98
+# ---------- PyPI source --------------------------------------------------
99
+
100
+
101
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
102
+ "current, pypi_version, expected_message",
103
+ [
104
+ # Same version: up-to-date with latest = current.
105
+ ("1.0.0", "1.0.0", "up to date (version: 1.0.0, latest: 1.0.0)"),
106
+ # PyPI is older than installed: still up-to-date, latest reflects PyPI.
107
+ ("1.1.0", "1.0.0", "up to date (version: 1.1.0, latest: 1.0.0)"),
108
+ ],
109
+)
110
+def test_pypi_no_upgrade(
111
+ app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi, current, pypi_version, expected_message
112
+):
113
+ app_version(current)
114
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": pypi_version}})
115
+ fake_settings()
116
+
117
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
118
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
119
+ assert expected_message in result.output
120
+
121
+
122
+def test_pypi_upgrade_uses_pip_hint(app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi):
123
+ app_version("1.0.0")
124
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
125
+ fake_settings()
126
+
127
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
128
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
129
+ assert "available: 1.1.0 (current: 1.0.0)" in result.output
130
+ assert "Run 'pip install --upgrade colab' to update." in result.output
131
+
132
+
133
+def test_explicit_update_omits_disable_hint(app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi):
134
+ """`colab update` is explicit user opt-in; the 'how to silence' line
135
+ should NOT appear (it would be condescending after the user just asked)."""
136
+ app_version("1.0.0")
137
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
138
+ fake_settings()
139
+
140
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
141
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
142
+ assert "available: 1.1.0" in result.output
143
+ assert "To silence this check" not in result.output
144
+ assert "enable_update_check" not in result.output
145
+
146
+
147
+def test_background_check_includes_disable_hint(app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi):
148
+ """The daily background fetch (triggered by any non-quiet command)
149
+ DOES include the 'how to silence' line so users have an obvious opt-out."""
150
+ app_version("1.0.0")
151
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
152
+ fake_settings(last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=2))
153
+
154
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
155
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
156
+ assert "available: 1.1.0" in result.output
157
+ assert "To silence this check" in result.output
158
+ assert '"enable_update_check": false' in result.output
159
+
160
+
161
+def test_cached_banner_includes_disable_hint(mocker, app_version, fake_settings):
162
+ """The cached banner shown between fetches is unsolicited; include the hint."""
163
+ app_version("1.0.0")
164
+ fake_settings(
165
+ last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(hours=1),
166
+ latest_version="1.2.0",
167
+ )
168
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates")
169
+
170
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
171
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
172
+ assert "available: 1.2.0" in result.output
173
+ assert "To silence this check" in result.output
174
+
175
+
176
+# ---------- Resilience --------------------------------------------------
177
+
178
+
179
+def test_pypi_fetch_failure_omits_latest(app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi):
180
+ app_version("1.0.0")
181
+ mock_pypi(error=OSError("network down"))
182
+ fake_settings()
183
+
184
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
185
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
186
+ assert "Colab CLI is up to date (version: 1.0.0)" in result.output
187
+ assert "latest:" not in result.output
188
+
189
+
190
+# ---------- Auto-update wiring ------------------------------------------
191
+
192
+
193
+def test_auto_update_runs_when_stale(app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi):
194
+ app_version("1.0.0")
195
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
196
+ fake_settings(last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=2))
197
+
198
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
199
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
200
+ assert "available: 1.1.0 (current: 1.0.0)" in result.output
201
+
202
+
203
+def test_auto_update_skips_when_recent(mocker, fake_settings):
204
+ fake_settings(last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(hours=1))
205
+ mock_check = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates")
206
+
207
+ runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
208
+ assert mock_check.call_count == 0
209
+
210
+
211
+def test_auto_update_runs_on_first_invocation(mocker, app_version, fake_settings):
212
+ app_version("1.0.0")
213
+ fake_settings() # last_check=None
214
+ mock_check = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates")
215
+
216
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
217
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
218
+ assert mock_check.call_count == 1
219
+
220
+
221
+# ---------- `latest_version` cache --------------------------------------
222
+
223
+
224
+def test_settings_default_latest_version_is_none():
225
+ assert Settings().latest_version is None
226
+
227
+
228
+def test_check_persists_latest_version_from_pypi(app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi):
229
+ app_version("1.0.0")
230
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
231
+ settings = fake_settings()
232
+
233
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
234
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
235
+ assert settings.latest_version == "1.1.0"
236
+
237
+
238
+def test_check_preserves_latest_version_on_fetch_failure(
239
+ app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi
240
+):
241
+ """If the PyPI fetch fails, the cached `latest_version` must NOT be cleared."""
242
+ app_version("1.0.0")
243
+ mock_pypi(error=OSError("network down"))
244
+ settings = fake_settings(latest_version="1.7.0")
245
+
246
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
247
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
248
+ assert settings.latest_version == "1.7.0"
249
+
250
+
251
+def test_check_does_not_downgrade_latest_version(app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi):
252
+ """A subsequent fetch returning an older version must not overwrite the cache."""
253
+ app_version("1.0.0")
254
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
255
+ settings = fake_settings(latest_version="2.0.0")
256
+
257
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
258
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
259
+ assert settings.latest_version == "2.0.0"
260
+
261
+
262
+# ---------- Cached banner on every invocation ---------------------------
263
+
264
+
265
+def test_cached_banner_shown_when_throttled(mocker, app_version, fake_settings):
266
+ """When the daily fetch is skipped, a cached newer `latest_version` still
267
+ triggers the upgrade banner — without re-fetching."""
268
+ app_version("1.0.0")
269
+ fake_settings(
270
+ last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(hours=1),
271
+ latest_version="1.2.0",
272
+ )
273
+ mock_check = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates")
274
+
275
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
276
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
277
+ assert mock_check.call_count == 0 # throttle still active
278
+ assert "available: 1.2.0 (current: 1.0.0)" in result.output
279
+
280
+
281
+def test_cached_banner_suppressed_when_up_to_date(mocker, app_version, fake_settings):
282
+ """If the cached `latest_version` is not newer than the current install,
283
+ no banner should appear."""
284
+ app_version("1.2.0")
285
+ fake_settings(
286
+ last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(hours=1),
287
+ latest_version="1.2.0",
288
+ )
289
+ mock_check = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates")
290
+
291
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
292
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
293
+ assert mock_check.call_count == 0
294
+ assert "A new version" not in result.output
295
+
296
+
297
+def test_cached_banner_skipped_for_update_subcommand(
298
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings
299
+):
300
+ """`colab update` does its own fetch + announce; the callback must not
301
+ duplicate the banner from the cache."""
302
+ app_version("1.0.0")
303
+ fake_settings(
304
+ last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(hours=1),
305
+ latest_version="1.2.0",
306
+ )
307
+ # Stub check_for_updates so we can assert the callback didn't print twice.
308
+ mock_check = mocker.patch(
309
+ "colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates", return_value=None
310
+ )
311
+
312
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
313
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
314
+ # The check ran (forced by `update`) but the cached banner from the
315
+ # callback must NOT have fired.
316
+ assert mock_check.call_count == 1
317
+ assert result.output.count("A new version") == 0
318
+
319
+
320
+def test_cached_banner_suppressed_when_update_check_disabled(
321
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings
322
+):
323
+ """`enable_update_check=False` is a global opt-out: no fetch AND no cached
324
+ banner. The user has explicitly disabled the update-check subsystem."""
325
+ app_version("1.0.0")
326
+ fake_settings(
327
+ enable_update_check=False,
328
+ latest_version="1.2.0",
329
+ )
330
+ mock_check = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates")
331
+
332
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["sessions"])
333
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
334
+ assert mock_check.call_count == 0
335
+ assert "A new version" not in result.output
336
+
337
+
338
+# ---------- Quiet subcommands skip the auto-update banner ---------------
339
+
340
+
341
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("subcommand", ["version", "log", "pay", "help"])
342
+def test_background_check_skipped_for_quiet_subcommands(
343
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings, subcommand
344
+):
345
+ """`version`, `log`, `pay`, and `help` are short-lived informational
346
+ commands. Their output should never be polluted by the upgrade banner —
347
+ no daily fetch and no cached banner should fire from the global
348
+ callback. (`colab update` is exempted separately because it runs its
349
+ own check.)"""
350
+ app_version("1.0.0")
351
+ fake_settings(
352
+ # Force the daily fetch to be DUE: if the callback runs at all, it
353
+ # would call check_for_updates() and we'd see the assertion fail.
354
+ last_check=datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=2),
355
+ # Also seed a cached newer version so we'd see the cached banner if
356
+ # the callback fell through to maybe_show_cached_banner instead.
357
+ latest_version="1.2.0",
358
+ )
359
+ # Patch `webbrowser.open` to keep `colab pay` from launching a browser
360
+ # in the test environment.
361
+ mocker.patch("webbrowser.open")
362
+ mock_check = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.check_for_updates")
363
+
364
+ result = runner.invoke(app, [subcommand])
365
+ assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
366
+ assert mock_check.call_count == 0, (
367
+ f"`colab {subcommand}` should NOT trigger the daily update fetch."
368
+ )
369
+ assert "A new version" not in result.output, (
370
+ f"`colab {subcommand}` should NOT print the cached upgrade banner."
371
+ )
372
+
373
+
374
+# ---------- `--install` self-install flag -------------------------------
375
+
376
+
377
+def test_install_flag_default_does_not_install(
378
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi
379
+):
380
+ """Without `--install`, no install command is invoked even when a newer
381
+ version is available on PyPI."""
382
+ app_version("1.0.0")
383
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
384
+ fake_settings()
385
+ run = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.subprocess.run")
386
+
387
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update"])
388
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
389
+ assert run.call_count == 0
390
+
391
+
392
+def test_install_flag_runs_pip_install_upgrade(
393
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi
394
+):
395
+ """`colab update --install` shells out to `pip install -U google-colab-cli`
396
+ when PyPI reports a newer version."""
397
+ app_version("1.0.0")
398
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
399
+ fake_settings()
400
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.platform.system", return_value="Linux")
401
+ run = mocker.patch(
402
+ "colab_cli.auto_update.subprocess.run",
403
+ return_value=mocker.Mock(returncode=0),
404
+ )
405
+
406
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update", "--install"])
407
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
408
+ assert run.call_count == 1
409
+ args, _ = run.call_args
410
+ # Use sys.executable to avoid PATH ambiguity / virtualenv mixups.
411
+ cmd = args[0]
412
+ assert cmd[1:] == ["-m", "pip", "install", "-U", "google-colab-cli"]
413
+
414
+
415
+def test_install_flag_errors_on_non_linux(
416
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi
417
+):
418
+ """`--install` is gated to Linux; on other platforms the command must
419
+ exit non-zero with an explanatory message and skip the pip subprocess."""
420
+ app_version("1.0.0")
421
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
422
+ fake_settings()
423
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.platform.system", return_value="Darwin")
424
+ run = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.subprocess.run")
425
+
426
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update", "--install"])
427
+ assert result.exit_code != 0
428
+ assert run.call_count == 0
429
+ assert "only supported on Linux" in result.output
430
+
431
+
432
+def test_install_flag_no_op_when_already_up_to_date(
433
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi
434
+):
435
+ """`--install` should not invoke pip when the cached `latest_version`
436
+ is not newer than the current install."""
437
+ app_version("1.1.0")
438
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
439
+ fake_settings()
440
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.platform.system", return_value="Linux")
441
+ run = mocker.patch("colab_cli.auto_update.subprocess.run")
442
+
443
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update", "--install"])
444
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
445
+ assert run.call_count == 0
446
+
447
+
448
+def test_install_flag_propagates_pip_failure(
449
+ mocker, app_version, fake_settings, mock_pypi
450
+):
451
+ """If `pip install -U` exits non-zero, `colab update --install` must too."""
452
+ app_version("1.0.0")
453
+ mock_pypi({"info": {"version": "1.1.0"}})
454
+ fake_settings()
455
+ mocker.patch("colab_cli.commands.utility.platform.system", return_value="Linux")
456
+ mocker.patch(
457
+ "colab_cli.auto_update.subprocess.run",
458
+ return_value=mocker.Mock(returncode=2),
459
+ )
460
+
461
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["update", "--install"])
462
+ assert result.exit_code == 2
tests/test_url.py
new
+229
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+"""Tests for `colab url`: print a browser URL that connects the Colab
16
+frontend to an existing colab-cli session.
17
+
18
+URL format:
19
+
20
+ https://<host>/notebooks/empty.ipynb?dbu=<urlencoded-/tun/m/endpoint>
21
+
22
+The `dbu` query parameter is the Colab frontend's `datalab_backend_url`
23
+development flag; the frontend resolves the value against
24
+`window.location.origin` and attaches the kernel to the supplied
25
+`/tun/m/<endpoint>` path instead of allocating a fresh VM.
26
+
27
+Note: `dbu` is a development flag, so URL-overriding it may be gated by
28
+the Colab frontend; some users may need to use the hash-based
29
+`#datalabBackendUrl=...` form instead (we don't support that today; file
30
+an issue if you need it).
31
+"""
32
+
33
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
34
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs, quote, urlparse
35
+
36
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
37
+
38
+from colab_cli.cli import app
39
+
40
+runner = CliRunner()
41
+
42
+
43
+def _make_session(name: str = "s1", endpoint: str = "abc123def"):
44
+ s = MagicMock()
45
+ s.name = name
46
+ s.endpoint = endpoint
47
+ return s
48
+
49
+
50
+def _parse_url_output(output: str) -> str:
51
+ """Pull the single URL line out of `colab url` output."""
52
+ candidates = [line.strip() for line in output.splitlines() if "dbu=" in line]
53
+ assert len(candidates) == 1, (
54
+ f"Expected exactly one URL line containing 'dbu=', got {candidates!r}"
55
+ )
56
+ return candidates[0]
57
+
58
+
59
+def test_url_explicit_session(mock_common_state):
60
+ """`colab url -s NAME` prints the connect URL for that session.
61
+
62
+ Format: ``https://<host>/notebooks/empty.ipynb?dbu=<urlencoded path>``.
63
+ The path must land on `empty.ipynb` so the user sees a usable notebook
64
+ UI; the `dbu` query param tells the frontend to skip /tun/m/assign and
65
+ attach to our existing endpoint.
66
+ """
67
+ s = _make_session(name="my-sess", endpoint="ep-XYZ")
68
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
69
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "my-sess"
70
+
71
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["url", "-s", "my-sess"])
72
+
73
+ assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
74
+ url = _parse_url_output(result.output)
75
+
76
+ parsed = urlparse(url)
77
+ assert parsed.scheme == "https"
78
+ assert parsed.netloc == "colab.research.google.com"
79
+ assert parsed.path == "/notebooks/empty.ipynb"
80
+
81
+ # `dbu` must be the URL-encoded path `/tun/m/<endpoint>`. We assert on
82
+ # the decoded form rather than the raw encoding to keep the test robust
83
+ # to which characters the encoder happens to escape (e.g. `/` may or
84
+ # may not be escaped depending on `safe=`); what matters is round-trip
85
+ # decoding produces the right backend path.
86
+ qs = parse_qs(parsed.query)
87
+ assert qs.get("dbu") == ["/tun/m/ep-XYZ"]
88
+
89
+ # And we DO actually URL-encode the slashes so the value survives any
90
+ # downstream re-parsing that treats the query string non-strictly.
91
+ assert "dbu=%2Ftun%2Fm%2Fep-XYZ" in url
92
+
93
+
94
+def test_url_resolves_unique_session(mock_common_state):
95
+ """`colab url` (no -s) uses the unique-session resolution path."""
96
+ s = _make_session(name="only-sess", endpoint="solo-EP")
97
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
98
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "only-sess"
99
+
100
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["url"])
101
+
102
+ assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
103
+ url = _parse_url_output(result.output)
104
+ assert "%2Ftun%2Fm%2Fsolo-EP" in url
105
+ # Resolution went through the shared helper, not by hardcoding the name.
106
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.assert_called_once_with(None)
107
+
108
+
109
+def test_url_session_not_found(mock_common_state):
110
+ """If the resolved session has no local state, exit non-zero with a clear
111
+ message rather than printing a malformed URL."""
112
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "ghost"
113
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = None
114
+
115
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["url", "-s", "ghost"])
116
+
117
+ assert result.exit_code != 0
118
+ assert "ghost" in result.output
119
+ assert "not found" in result.output.lower()
120
+
121
+
122
+def test_url_custom_host(mock_common_state):
123
+ """`--host` overrides the default frontend host. `dbu` is a path-only
124
+ value (resolved against `window.location.origin` in the frontend), so
125
+ the host swap only affects the page origin, not the embedded backend
126
+ path."""
127
+ s = _make_session(endpoint="ep1")
128
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
129
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
130
+
131
+ result = runner.invoke(
132
+ app, ["url", "-s", "s1", "--host", "https://colab.sandbox.google.com"]
133
+ )
134
+
135
+ assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
136
+ url = _parse_url_output(result.output)
137
+ parsed = urlparse(url)
138
+ assert parsed.netloc == "colab.sandbox.google.com"
139
+ assert parsed.path == "/notebooks/empty.ipynb"
140
+ assert parse_qs(parsed.query).get("dbu") == ["/tun/m/ep1"]
141
+
142
+
143
+def test_url_host_normalises_trailing_slash(mock_common_state):
144
+ """`--host https://example.com/` (with trailing slash) must not produce
145
+ a double slash before `/notebooks/empty.ipynb`."""
146
+ s = _make_session(endpoint="ep2")
147
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
148
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
149
+
150
+ result = runner.invoke(
151
+ app, ["url", "-s", "s1", "--host", "https://colab.research.google.com/"]
152
+ )
153
+
154
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
155
+ assert "https://colab.research.google.com//notebooks/" not in result.output
156
+ assert "https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/empty.ipynb" in result.output
157
+
158
+
159
+def test_url_endpoint_with_special_chars_is_encoded(mock_common_state):
160
+ """Endpoints are opaque server-issued IDs but we should not assume their
161
+ character set. Anything outside the unreserved URL set must be escaped
162
+ so the frontend's `new URL(...)` parser sees the intended path."""
163
+ # Intentionally include characters that MUST be escaped if they ever
164
+ # appeared in an endpoint (e.g. `&`, `?`, `#`, space, `=`).
165
+ s = _make_session(endpoint="weird ep&?=#")
166
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
167
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
168
+
169
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["url", "-s", "s1"])
170
+ assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
171
+ url = _parse_url_output(result.output)
172
+ parsed = urlparse(url)
173
+
174
+ # The encoded endpoint must round-trip via the standard query parser.
175
+ assert parse_qs(parsed.query).get("dbu") == ["/tun/m/weird ep&?=#"]
176
+ # And the raw URL must contain the percent-encoded form (not the literal).
177
+ assert quote("weird ep&?=#", safe="") in url
178
+
179
+
180
+def test_url_open_flag_launches_browser(mock_common_state):
181
+ """`--open` calls webbrowser.open() with the same URL it printed."""
182
+ s = _make_session(endpoint="ep-OPEN")
183
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
184
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
185
+
186
+ with patch("webbrowser.open") as mock_open:
187
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["url", "-s", "s1", "--open"])
188
+
189
+ assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
190
+ mock_open.assert_called_once()
191
+ opened_url = mock_open.call_args[0][0]
192
+ assert "dbu=" in opened_url
193
+ assert "%2Ftun%2Fm%2Fep-OPEN" in opened_url
194
+ # And the URL was also printed (so users see what was opened, and
195
+ # piping still works).
196
+ assert opened_url in result.output
197
+
198
+
199
+def test_url_no_open_by_default(mock_common_state):
200
+ """Default behaviour: print only, do NOT auto-open the browser. This keeps
201
+ the command pipeable (`colab url | xclip`, `colab url | pbcopy`, etc.)."""
202
+ s = _make_session(endpoint="ep3")
203
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
204
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
205
+
206
+ with patch("webbrowser.open") as mock_open:
207
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["url", "-s", "s1"])
208
+
209
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
210
+ mock_open.assert_not_called()
211
+
212
+
213
+def test_url_output_is_pipeable(mock_common_state):
214
+ """The printed URL line must be machine-parseable: a single line with no
215
+ leading `[colab]` chatter, so `colab url -s s1 | xclip` works.
216
+ """
217
+ s = _make_session(endpoint="ep-PIPE")
218
+ mock_common_state.store.get.return_value = s
219
+ mock_common_state.resolve_session.return_value = "s1"
220
+
221
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["url", "-s", "s1"])
222
+
223
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
224
+ url_lines = [line for line in result.output.splitlines() if "dbu=" in line]
225
+ assert len(url_lines) == 1, f"Expected exactly one URL line, got: {url_lines}"
226
+ assert not url_lines[0].lstrip().startswith("[colab]"), (
227
+ f"URL line should not be prefixed with '[colab]' so it's pipeable: "
228
+ f"{url_lines[0]!r}"
229
+ )
tests/test_utils.py
new
+58
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+import base64
16
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
17
+
18
+from colab_cli.utils import handle_image, print_kitty
19
+
20
+
21
+@patch("colab_cli.utils.sys.stdout.isatty", return_value=True)
22
+def test_print_kitty_emits_escape_sequence_on_tty(_mock_isatty, capsys):
23
+ print_kitty(b"fake-png-bytes")
24
+ captured = capsys.readouterr()
25
+ assert "_Ga=T,f=100;" in captured.out
26
+ b64 = base64.b64encode(b"fake-png-bytes").decode("ascii")
27
+ assert b64 in captured.out
28
+
29
+
30
+@patch("colab_cli.utils.sys.stdout.isatty", return_value=False)
31
+def test_print_kitty_silent_when_stdout_not_tty(_mock_isatty, capsys):
32
+ """Kitty graphics escape sequences are useless and visually corrupt the
33
+ output when stdout is redirected (e.g. `colab exec ... > log.txt`,
34
+ `colab exec ... | grep ...`, or any non-Kitty terminal). When stdout is
35
+ not a TTY, print_kitty must not emit anything.
36
+ """
37
+ print_kitty(b"fake-png-bytes")
38
+ captured = capsys.readouterr()
39
+ assert captured.out == "", (
40
+ f"Expected no output when stdout is not a TTY, got: {captured.out!r}"
41
+ )
42
+
43
+
44
+@patch("colab_cli.utils.tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile")
45
+@patch("colab_cli.utils.print_kitty")
46
+def test_handle_image(mock_print_kitty, mock_tempfile, capsys):
47
+ mock_tmp = MagicMock()
48
+ mock_tmp.name = "/tmp/fake.png"
49
+ mock_tempfile.return_value = mock_tmp
50
+
51
+ handle_image(base64.b64encode(b"test").decode("ascii"), "image/png")
52
+
53
+ mock_print_kitty.assert_called_once_with(b"test")
54
+ mock_tmp.write.assert_called_once_with(b"test")
55
+ mock_tmp.close.assert_called_once()
56
+
57
+ captured = capsys.readouterr()
58
+ assert "/tmp/fake.png" in captured.out
tests/test_version.py
new
+51
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+from importlib.metadata import PackageNotFoundError
16
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
17
+from unittest.mock import patch
18
+
19
+from colab_cli.cli import app
20
+
21
+runner = CliRunner()
22
+
23
+
24
+def test_version_installed():
25
+ with patch("colab_cli.auto_update.installed_version") as mock_version:
26
+ mock_version.return_value = "0.2.0"
27
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["version"])
28
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
29
+ assert "Version: 0.2.0" in result.output
30
+
31
+
32
+def test_version_git_fallback():
33
+ with patch("colab_cli.auto_update.installed_version") as mock_version:
34
+ mock_version.side_effect = PackageNotFoundError
35
+
36
+ with patch("subprocess.check_output") as mock_git:
37
+ mock_git.return_value = "abc1234"
38
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["version"])
39
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
40
+ assert "Version: abc1234" in result.output
41
+
42
+
43
+def test_version_unknown():
44
+ with patch("colab_cli.auto_update.installed_version") as mock_version:
45
+ mock_version.side_effect = PackageNotFoundError
46
+
47
+ with patch("subprocess.check_output") as mock_git:
48
+ mock_git.side_effect = Exception("git not found")
49
+ result = runner.invoke(app, ["version"])
50
+ assert result.exit_code == 0
51
+ assert "Version: unknown" in result.output
tests/test_whoami.py
new
+172
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
1
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
2
+#
3
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
4
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
5
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
6
+#
7
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8
+#
9
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13
+# limitations under the License.
14
+
15
+"""Tests for the developer-only `colab whoami` command.
16
+
17
+This is a debugging aid that resolves the active credentials, mints an access
18
+token, and queries Google's tokeninfo endpoint to print the human-readable
19
+identity (email), grant scopes, and expiry of whatever the CLI is about to
20
+send to colab.research.google.com / colab.pa.googleapis.com.
21
+"""
22
+
23
+import sys
24
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
25
+
26
+import pytest
27
+
28
+from colab_cli.cli import main
29
+from colab_cli.auth import AuthProvider
30
+
31
+
32
+# Unambiguously-fake placeholders so credential-scanner pre-commit hooks
33
+# don't false-positive on `ya29.*` strings. The whoami code only ever uses
34
+# these as opaque payloads passed to a mocked urllib.request.urlopen.
35
+_FAKE_TOKEN = "TEST-TOKEN-PLACEHOLDER"
36
+
37
+
38
+def _fake_creds(token: str = _FAKE_TOKEN):
39
+ """Build a credentials-like mock: has .token and .refresh()."""
40
+ creds = MagicMock()
41
+ creds.token = token
42
+ creds.refresh = MagicMock()
43
+ return creds
44
+
45
+
46
+def _fake_authed_session(token: str = _FAKE_TOKEN):
47
+ """Mimic google.auth.transport.requests.AuthorizedSession enough for whoami."""
48
+ sess = MagicMock()
49
+ sess.credentials = _fake_creds(token)
50
+ return sess
51
+
52
+
53
+def test_whoami_prints_human_readable_summary(mock_common_state, capsys):
54
+ """Default invocation should fetch the token, hit tokeninfo, and print
55
+ a labelled summary including email, the active auth provider, scopes
56
+ (one per line), and an Expires line."""
57
+ mock_common_state.auth_provider = AuthProvider.ADC
58
+
59
+ fake_response = MagicMock()
60
+ fake_response.status_code = 200
61
+ fake_response.json.return_value = {
62
+ "email": "user@example.com",
63
+ "scope": (
64
+ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email "
65
+ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory"
66
+ ),
67
+ "expires_in": "2847",
68
+ "audience": "32555940559.apps.googleusercontent.com",
69
+ }
70
+
71
+ with patch("colab_cli.auth.get_credentials", return_value=_fake_authed_session()):
72
+ with patch("urllib.request.urlopen") as mock_urlopen:
73
+ cm = MagicMock()
74
+ cm.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=cm)
75
+ cm.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
76
+ cm.read.return_value = b'{"email":"user@example.com","scope":"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email https://www.googleapis.com/auth/colaboratory","expires_in":"2847","audience":"32555940559.apps.googleusercontent.com"}'
77
+ cm.status = 200
78
+ mock_urlopen.return_value = cm
79
+
80
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "--auth=adc", "whoami"]):
81
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
82
+ main()
83
+ assert error.value.code == 0
84
+
85
+ out = capsys.readouterr().out
86
+ assert "user@example.com" in out
87
+ assert "adc" in out.lower()
88
+ assert "userinfo.email" in out
89
+ assert "colaboratory" in out
90
+ # Expiry should be rendered in a human form (minutes), not raw seconds.
91
+ assert "47m" in out or "47 min" in out
92
+
93
+
94
+def test_whoami_handles_tokeninfo_error_gracefully(mock_common_state, capsys):
95
+ """If tokeninfo returns 4xx (e.g. expired/revoked token), whoami should
96
+ print an error and exit non-zero rather than blowing up with a stack trace.
97
+ Developers reading the message should be able to tell what happened.
98
+ """
99
+ mock_common_state.auth_provider = AuthProvider.ADC
100
+
101
+ with patch("colab_cli.auth.get_credentials", return_value=_fake_authed_session()):
102
+ with patch("urllib.request.urlopen") as mock_urlopen:
103
+ import urllib.error
104
+
105
+ mock_urlopen.side_effect = urllib.error.HTTPError(
106
+ url="https://oauth2.googleapis.com/tokeninfo",
107
+ code=400,
108
+ msg="Bad Request",
109
+ hdrs=None,
110
+ fp=None,
111
+ )
112
+
113
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "--auth=adc", "whoami"]):
114
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
115
+ main()
116
+ assert error.value.code != 0
117
+
118
+ captured = capsys.readouterr()
119
+ assert "tokeninfo" in (captured.out + captured.err).lower() or "400" in (
120
+ captured.out + captured.err
121
+ )
122
+
123
+
124
+def test_whoami_is_hidden_from_top_level_help(mock_common_state, capsys):
125
+ """`colab --help` should not list `whoami` (it's a developer tool).
126
+ Also asserts that `colab whoami --help` still works (the command is
127
+ hidden, not removed)."""
128
+ # `--help` exits 0
129
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "--help"]):
130
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
131
+ main()
132
+ assert error.value.code == 0
133
+ out = capsys.readouterr().out
134
+ assert "whoami" not in out, (
135
+ f"`whoami` should be hidden from `colab --help`, but appeared in:\n{out}"
136
+ )
137
+
138
+ # Confirm `colab whoami --help` is still reachable.
139
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "whoami", "--help"]):
140
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as error:
141
+ main()
142
+ assert error.value.code == 0
143
+ out2 = capsys.readouterr().out
144
+ assert "whoami" in out2.lower(), (
145
+ f"`colab whoami --help` should describe the command, got:\n{out2}"
146
+ )
147
+
148
+
149
+def test_whoami_refreshes_credentials_before_reading_token(mock_common_state):
150
+ """Some credentials (ADC service account, GCE) lazy-mint the token only
151
+ when refresh() is called. whoami must call refresh() before reading
152
+ creds.token, otherwise creds.token may be None even for valid creds.
153
+ """
154
+ mock_common_state.auth_provider = AuthProvider.ADC
155
+ sess = _fake_authed_session(token="TEST-TOKEN-AFTER-REFRESH")
156
+
157
+ with patch("colab_cli.auth.get_credentials", return_value=sess):
158
+ with patch("urllib.request.urlopen") as mock_urlopen:
159
+ cm = MagicMock()
160
+ cm.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=cm)
161
+ cm.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
162
+ cm.read.return_value = (
163
+ b'{"email":"x@y.com","scope":"a b","expires_in":"60"}'
164
+ )
165
+ cm.status = 200
166
+ mock_urlopen.return_value = cm
167
+
168
+ with patch.object(sys, "argv", ["colab", "--auth=adc", "whoami"]):
169
+ with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
170
+ main()
171
+
172
+ sess.credentials.refresh.assert_called_once()
uv.lock
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