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1 FROM fairest creatures we desire increase,
2 That thereby beauty's rose might never die,
3 But as the riper should by time decease,
4 His tender heir might bear his memory:
5 But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,
6 Feed'st thy light'st flame with self-substantial fuel,
7 Making a famine where abundance lies,
8 Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.
9 Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament
10 And only herald to the gaudy spring,
11 Within thine own bud buriest thy content
12 And, tender churl, makest waste in niggarding.
13 Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
14 To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.
15 When forty winters shall beseige thy brow,
16 And dig deep trenches in thy beauty's field,
17 Thy youth's proud livery, so gazed on now,
18 Will be a tatter'd weed, of small worth held:
19 Then being ask'd where all thy beauty lies,
20 Where all the treasure of thy lusty days,
21 To say, within thine own deep-sunken eyes,
22 Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise.
23 How much more praise deserved thy beauty's use,
24 If thou couldst answer 'This fair child of mine
25 Shall sum my count and make my old excuse,'
26 Proving his beauty by succession thine!
27 This were to be new made when thou art old,
28 And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold.
29 Look in thy glass, and tell the face thou viewest
30 Now is the time that face should form another;
31 Whose fresh repair if now thou not renewest,
32 Thou dost beguile the world, unbless some mother.
33 For where is she so fair whose unear'd womb
34 Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?
35 Or who is he so fond will be the tomb
36 Of his self-love, to stop posterity?
37 Thou art thy mother's glass, and she in thee
38 Calls back the lovely April of her prime:
39 So thou through windows of thine age shall see
40 Despite of wrinkles this thy golden time.
41 But if thou live, remember'd not to be,
42 Die single, and thine image dies with thee.
43 Unthrifty loveliness, why dost thou spend
44 Upon thyself thy beauty's legacy?
45 Nature's bequest gives nothing but doth lend,
46 And being frank she lends to those are free.
47 Then, beauteous niggard, why dost thou abuse
48 The bounteous largess given thee to give?
49 Profitless usurer, why dost thou use
50 So great a sum of sums, yet canst not live?
51 For having traffic with thyself alone,
52 Thou of thyself thy sweet self dost deceive.
53 Then how, when nature calls thee to be gone,
54 What acceptable audit canst thou leave?
55 Thy unused beauty must be tomb'd with thee,
56 Which, used, lives th' executor to be.
57 Those hours, that with gentle work did frame
58 The lovely gaze where every eye doth dwell,
59 Will play the tyrants to the very same
60 And that unfair which fairly doth excel:
61 For never-resting time leads summer on
62 To hideous winter and confounds him there;
63 Sap cheque'd with frost and lusty leaves quite gone,
64 Beauty o'ersnow'd and bareness every where:
65 Then, were not summer's distillation left,
66 A liquid prisoner pent in walls of glass,
67 Beauty's effect with beauty were bereft,
68 Nor it nor no remembrance what it was:
69 But flowers distill'd though they with winter meet,
70 Leese but their show; their substance still lives sweet.
71 Then let not winter's ragged hand deface
72 In thee thy summer, ere thou be distill'd:
73 Make sweet some vial; treasure thou some place
74 With beauty's treasure, ere it be self-kill'd.
75 That use is not forbidden usury,
76 Which happies those that pay the willing loan;
77 That's for thyself to breed another thee,
78 Or ten times happier, be it ten for one;
79 Ten times thyself were happier than thou art,
80 If ten of thine ten times refigured thee:
81 Then what could death do, if thou shouldst depart,
82 Leaving thee living in posterity?
83 Be not self-will'd, for thou art much too fair
84 To be death's conquest and make worms thine heir.
85 Lo! in the orient when the gracious light
86 Lifts up his burning head, each under eye
87 Doth homage to his new-appearing sight,
88 Serving with looks his sacred majesty;
89 And having climb'd the steep-up heavenly hill,
90 Resembling strong youth in his middle age,
91 yet mortal looks adore his beauty still,
92 Attending on his golden pilgrimage;
93 But when from highmost pitch, with weary car,
94 Like feeble age, he reeleth from the day,
95 The eyes, 'fore duteous, now converted are
96 From his low tract and look another way:
97 So thou, thyself out-going in thy noon,
98 Unlook'd on diest, unless thou get a son.
99 Music to hear, why hear'st thou music sadly?
100 Sweets with sweets war not, joy delights in joy.
101 Why lovest thou that which thou receivest not gladly,
102 Or else receivest with pleasure thine annoy?
103 If the true concord of well-tuned sounds,
104 By unions married, do offend thine ear,
105 They do but sweetly chide thee, who confounds
106 In singleness the parts that thou shouldst bear.
107 Mark how one string, sweet husband to another,
108 Strikes each in each by mutual ordering,
109 Resembling sire and child and happy mother
110 Who all in one, one pleasing note do sing:
111 Whose speechless song, being many, seeming one,
112 Sings this to thee: 'thou single wilt prove none.'
113 Is it for fear to wet a widow's eye
114 That thou consumest thyself in single life?
115 Ah! if thou issueless shalt hap to die.
116 The world will wail thee, like a makeless wife;
117 The world will be thy widow and still weep
118 That thou no form of thee hast left behind,
119 When every private widow well may keep
120 By children's eyes her husband's shape in mind.
121 Look, what an unthrift in the world doth spend
122 Shifts but his place, for still the world enjoys it;
123 But beauty's waste hath in the world an end,
124 And kept unused, the user so destroys it.
125 No love toward others in that bosom sits
126 That on himself such murderous shame commits.
127 For shame! deny that thou bear'st love to any,
128 Who for thyself art so unprovident.
129 Grant, if thou wilt, thou art beloved of many,
130 But that thou none lovest is most evident;
131 For thou art so possess'd with murderous hate
132 That 'gainst thyself thou stick'st not to conspire.
133 Seeking that beauteous roof to ruinate
134 Which to repair should be thy chief desire.
135 O, change thy thought, that I may change my mind!
136 Shall hate be fairer lodged than gentle love?
137 Be, as thy presence is, gracious and kind,
138 Or to thyself at least kind-hearted prove:
139 Make thee another self, for love of me,
140 That beauty still may live in thine or thee.
141 As fast as thou shalt wane, so fast thou growest
142 In one of thine, from that which thou departest;
143 And that fresh blood which youngly thou bestowest
144 Thou mayst call thine when thou from youth convertest.
145 Herein lives wisdom, beauty and increase:
146 Without this, folly, age and cold decay:
147 If all were minded so, the times should cease
148 And threescore year would make the world away.
149 Let those whom Nature hath not made for store,
150 Harsh featureless and rude, barrenly perish:
151 Look, whom she best endow'd she gave the more;
152 Which bounteous gift thou shouldst in bounty cherish:
153 She carved thee for her seal, and meant thereby
154 Thou shouldst print more, not let that copy die.
155 When I do count the clock that tells the time,
156 And see the brave day sunk in hideous night;
157 When I behold the violet past prime,
158 And sable curls all silver'd o'er with white;
159 When lofty trees I see barren of leaves
160 Which erst from heat did canopy the herd,
161 And summer's green all girded up in sheaves
162 Borne on the bier with white and bristly beard,
163 Then of thy beauty do I question make,
164 That thou among the wastes of time must go,
165 Since sweets and beauties do themselves forsake
166 And die as fast as they see others grow;
167 And nothing 'gainst Time's scythe can make defence
168 Save breed, to brave him when he takes thee hence.
169 O, that you were yourself! but, love, you are
170 No longer yours than you yourself here live:
171 Against this coming end you should prepare,
172 And your sweet semblance to some other give.
173 So should that beauty which you hold in lease
174 Find no determination: then you were
175 Yourself again after yourself's decease,
176 When your sweet issue your sweet form should bear.
177 Who lets so fair a house fall to decay,
178 Which husbandry in honour might uphold
179 Against the stormy gusts of winter's day
180 And barren rage of death's eternal cold?
181 O, none but unthrifts! Dear my love, you know
182 You had a father: let your son say so.
183 Not from the stars do I my judgment pluck;
184 And yet methinks I have astronomy,
185 But not to tell of good or evil luck,
186 Of plagues, of dearths, or seasons' quality;
187 Nor can I fortune to brief minutes tell,
188 Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind,
189 Or say with princes if it shall go well,
190 By oft predict that I in heaven find:
191 But from thine eyes my knowledge I derive,
192 And, constant stars, in them I read such art
193 As truth and beauty shall together thrive,
194 If from thyself to store thou wouldst convert;
195 Or else of thee this I prognosticate:
196 Thy end is truth's and beauty's doom and date.
197 When I consider every thing that grows
198 Holds in perfection but a little moment,
199 That this huge stage presenteth nought but shows
200 Whereon the stars in secret influence comment;
201 When I perceive that men as plants increase,
202 Cheered and cheque'd even by the self-same sky,
203 Vaunt in their youthful sap, at height decrease,
204 And wear their brave state out of memory;
205 Then the conceit of this inconstant stay
206 Sets you most rich in youth before my sight,
207 Where wasteful Time debateth with Decay,
208 To change your day of youth to sullied night;
209 And all in war with Time for love of you,
210 As he takes from you, I engraft you new.
211 But wherefore do not you a mightier way
212 Make war upon this bloody tyrant, Time?
213 And fortify yourself in your decay
214 With means more blessed than my barren rhyme?
215 Now stand you on the top of happy hours,
216 And many maiden gardens yet unset
217 With virtuous wish would bear your living flowers,
218 Much liker than your painted counterfeit:
219 So should the lines of life that life repair,
220 Which this, Time's pencil, or my pupil pen,
221 Neither in inward worth nor outward fair,
222 Can make you live yourself in eyes of men.
223 To give away yourself keeps yourself still,
224 And you must live, drawn by your own sweet skill.
225 Who will believe my verse in time to come,
226 If it were fill'd with your most high deserts?
227 Though yet, heaven knows, it is but as a tomb
228 Which hides your life and shows not half your parts.
229 If I could write the beauty of your eyes
230 And in fresh numbers number all your graces,
231 The age to come would say 'This poet lies:
232 Such heavenly touches ne'er touch'd earthly faces.'
233 So should my papers yellow'd with their age
234 Be scorn'd like old men of less truth than tongue,
235 And your true rights be term'd a poet's rage
236 And stretched metre of an antique song:
237 But were some child of yours alive that time,
238 You should live twice; in it and in my rhyme.
239 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
240 Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
241 Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
242 And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
243 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
244 And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
245 And every fair from fair sometime declines,
246 By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;
247 But thy eternal summer shall not fade
248 Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;
249 Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
250 When in eternal lines to time thou growest:
251 So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
252 So long lives this and this gives life to thee.
253 Devouring Time, blunt thou the lion's paws,
254 And make the earth devour her own sweet brood;
255 Pluck the keen teeth from the fierce tiger's jaws,
256 And burn the long-lived phoenix in her blood;
257 Make glad and sorry seasons as thou fleets,
258 And do whate'er thou wilt, swift-footed Time,
259 To the wide world and all her fading sweets;
260 But I forbid thee one most heinous crime:
261 O, carve not with thy hours my love's fair brow,
262 Nor draw no lines there with thine antique pen;
263 Him in thy course untainted do allow
264 For beauty's pattern to succeeding men.
265 Yet, do thy worst, old Time: despite thy wrong,
266 My love shall in my verse ever live young.
267 A woman's face with Nature's own hand painted
268 Hast thou, the master-mistress of my passion;
269 A woman's gentle heart, but not acquainted
270 With shifting change, as is false women's fashion;
271 An eye more bright than theirs, less false in rolling,
272 Gilding the object whereupon it gazeth;
273 A man in hue, all 'hues' in his controlling,
274 Much steals men's eyes and women's souls amazeth.
275 And for a woman wert thou first created;
276 Till Nature, as she wrought thee, fell a-doting,
277 And by addition me of thee defeated,
278 By adding one thing to my purpose nothing.
279 But since she prick'd thee out for women's pleasure,
280 Mine be thy love and thy love's use their treasure.
281 So is it not with me as with that Muse
282 Stirr'd by a painted beauty to his verse,
283 Who heaven itself for ornament doth use
284 And every fair with his fair doth rehearse
285 Making a couplement of proud compare,
286 With sun and moon, with earth and sea's rich gems,
287 With April's first-born flowers, and all things rare
288 That heaven's air in this huge rondure hems.
289 O' let me, true in love, but truly write,
290 And then believe me, my love is as fair
291 As any mother's child, though not so bright
292 As those gold candles fix'd in heaven's air:
293 Let them say more than like of hearsay well;
294 I will not praise that purpose not to sell.
295 My glass shall not persuade me I am old,
296 So long as youth and thou are of one date;
297 But when in thee time's furrows I behold,
298 Then look I death my days should expiate.
299 For all that beauty that doth cover thee
300 Is but the seemly raiment of my heart,
301 Which in thy breast doth live, as thine in me:
302 How can I then be elder than thou art?
303 O, therefore, love, be of thyself so wary
304 As I, not for myself, but for thee will;
305 Bearing thy heart, which I will keep so chary
306 As tender nurse her babe from faring ill.
307 Presume not on thy heart when mine is slain;
308 Thou gavest me thine, not to give back again.
309 As an unperfect actor on the stage
310 Who with his fear is put besides his part,
311 Or some fierce thing replete with too much rage,
312 Whose strength's abundance weakens his own heart.
313 So I, for fear of trust, forget to say
314 The perfect ceremony of love's rite,
315 And in mine own love's strength seem to decay,
316 O'ercharged with burden of mine own love's might.
317 O, let my books be then the eloquence
318 And dumb presagers of my speaking breast,
319 Who plead for love and look for recompense
320 More than that tongue that more hath more express'd.
321 O, learn to read what silent love hath writ:
322 To hear with eyes belongs to love's fine wit.
323 Mine eye hath play'd the painter and hath stell'd
324 Thy beauty's form in table of my heart;
325 My body is the frame wherein 'tis held,
326 And perspective it is the painter's art.
327 For through the painter must you see his skill,
328 To find where your true image pictured lies;
329 Which in my bosom's shop is hanging still,
330 That hath his windows glazed with thine eyes.
331 Now see what good turns eyes for eyes have done:
332 Mine eyes have drawn thy shape, and thine for me
333 Are windows to my breast, where-through the sun
334 Delights to peep, to gaze therein on thee;
335 Yet eyes this cunning want to grace their art;
336 They draw but what they see, know not the heart.
337 Let those who are in favour with their stars
338 Of public honour and proud titles boast,
339 Whilst I, whom fortune of such triumph bars,
340 Unlook'd for joy in that I honour most.
341 Great princes' favourites their fair leaves spread
342 But as the marigold at the sun's eye,
343 And in themselves their pride lies buried,
344 For at a frown they in their glory die.
345 The painful warrior famoused for fight,
346 After a thousand victories once foil'd,
347 Is from the book of honour razed quite,
348 And all the rest forgot for which he toil'd:
349 Then happy I, that love and am beloved
350 Where I may not remove nor be removed.
351 Lord of my love, to whom in vassalage
352 Thy merit hath my duty strongly knit,
353 To thee I send this written embassage,
354 To witness duty, not to show my wit:
355 Duty so great, which wit so poor as mine
356 May make seem bare, in wanting words to show it,
357 But that I hope some good conceit of thine
358 In thy soul's thought, all naked, will bestow it;
359 Till whatsoever star that guides my moving
360 Points on me graciously with fair aspect
361 And puts apparel on my tatter'd loving,
362 To show me worthy of thy sweet respect:
363 Then may I dare to boast how I do love thee;
364 Till then not show my head where thou mayst prove me.
365 Weary with toil, I haste me to my bed,
366 The dear repose for limbs with travel tired;
367 But then begins a journey in my head,
368 To work my mind, when body's work's expired:
369 For then my thoughts, from far where I abide,
370 Intend a zealous pilgrimage to thee,
371 And keep my drooping eyelids open wide,
372 Looking on darkness which the blind do see
373 Save that my soul's imaginary sight
374 Presents thy shadow to my sightless view,
375 Which, like a jewel hung in ghastly night,
376 Makes black night beauteous and her old face new.
377 Lo! thus, by day my limbs, by night my mind,
378 For thee and for myself no quiet find.
379 How can I then return in happy plight,
380 That am debarr'd the benefit of rest?
381 When day's oppression is not eased by night,
382 But day by night, and night by day, oppress'd?
383 And each, though enemies to either's reign,
384 Do in consent shake hands to torture me;
385 The one by toil, the other to complain
386 How far I toil, still farther off from thee.
387 I tell the day, to please them thou art bright
388 And dost him grace when clouds do blot the heaven:
389 So flatter I the swart-complexion'd night,
390 When sparkling stars twire not thou gild'st the even.
391 But day doth daily draw my sorrows longer
392 And night doth nightly make grief's strength seem stronger.
393 When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes,
394 I all alone beweep my outcast state
395 And trouble deal heaven with my bootless cries
396 And look upon myself and curse my fate,
397 Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,
398 Featured like him, like him with friends possess'd,
399 Desiring this man's art and that man's scope,
400 With what I most enjoy contented least;
401 Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,
402 Haply I think on thee, and then my state,
403 Like to the lark at break of day arising
404 From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate;
405 For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings
406 That then I scorn to change my state with kings.
407 When to the sessions of sweet silent thought
408 I summon up remembrance of things past,
409 I sigh the lack of many a thing I sought,
410 And with old woes new wail my dear time's waste:
411 Then can I drown an eye, unused to flow,
412 For precious friends hid in death's dateless night,
413 And weep afresh love's long since cancell'd woe,
414 And moan the expense of many a vanish'd sight:
415 Then can I grieve at grievances foregone,
416 And heavily from woe to woe tell o'er
417 The sad account of fore-bemoaned moan,
418 Which I new pay as if not paid before.
419 But if the while I think on thee, dear friend,
420 All losses are restored and sorrows end.
421 Thy bosom is endeared with all hearts,
422 Which I by lacking have supposed dead,
423 And there reigns love and all love's loving parts,
424 And all those friends which I thought buried.
425 How many a holy and obsequious tear
426 Hath dear religious love stol'n from mine eye
427 As interest of the dead, which now appear
428 But things removed that hidden in thee lie!
429 Thou art the grave where buried love doth live,
430 Hung with the trophies of my lovers gone,
431 Who all their parts of me to thee did give;
432 That due of many now is thine alone:
433 Their images I loved I view in thee,
434 And thou, all they, hast all the all of me.
435 If thou survive my well-contented day,
436 When that churl Death my bones with dust shall cover,
437 And shalt by fortune once more re-survey
438 These poor rude lines of thy deceased lover,
439 Compare them with the bettering of the time,
440 And though they be outstripp'd by every pen,
441 Reserve them for my love, not for their rhyme,
442 Exceeded by the height of happier men.
443 O, then vouchsafe me but this loving thought:
444 'Had my friend's Muse grown with this growing age,
445 A dearer birth than this his love had brought,
446 To march in ranks of better equipage:
447 But since he died and poets better prove,
448 Theirs for their style I'll read, his for his love.'
449 Full many a glorious morning have I seen
450 Flatter the mountain-tops with sovereign eye,
451 Kissing with golden face the meadows green,
452 Gilding pale streams with heavenly alchemy;
453 Anon permit the basest clouds to ride
454 With ugly rack on his celestial face,
455 And from the forlorn world his visage hide,
456 Stealing unseen to west with this disgrace:
457 Even so my sun one early morn did shine
458 With all triumphant splendor on my brow;
459 But out, alack! he was but one hour mine;
460 The region cloud hath mask'd him from me now.
461 Yet him for this my love no whit disdaineth;
462 Suns of the world may stain when heaven's sun staineth.
463 Why didst thou promise such a beauteous day,
464 And make me travel forth without my cloak,
465 To let base clouds o'ertake me in my way,
466 Hiding thy bravery in their rotten smoke?
467 'Tis not enough that through the cloud thou break,
468 To dry the rain on my storm-beaten face,
469 For no man well of such a salve can speak
470 That heals the wound and cures not the disgrace:
471 Nor can thy shame give physic to my grief;
472 Though thou repent, yet I have still the loss:
473 The offender's sorrow lends but weak relief
474 To him that bears the strong offence's cross.
475 Ah! but those tears are pearl which thy love sheds,
476 And they are rich and ransom all ill deeds.
477 No more be grieved at that which thou hast done:
478 Roses have thorns, and silver fountains mud;
479 Clouds and eclipses stain both moon and sun,
480 And loathsome canker lives in sweetest bud.
481 All men make faults, and even I in this,
482 Authorizing thy trespass with compare,
483 Myself corrupting, salving thy amiss,
484 Excusing thy sins more than thy sins are;
485 For to thy sensual fault I bring in sense--
486 Thy adverse party is thy advocate--
487 And 'gainst myself a lawful plea commence:
488 Such civil war is in my love and hate
489 That I an accessary needs must be
490 To that sweet thief which sourly robs from me.
491 Let me confess that we two must be twain,
492 Although our undivided loves are one:
493 So shall those blots that do with me remain
494 Without thy help by me be borne alone.
495 In our two loves there is but one respect,
496 Though in our lives a separable spite,
497 Which though it alter not love's sole effect,
498 Yet doth it steal sweet hours from love's delight.
499 I may not evermore acknowledge thee,
500 Lest my bewailed guilt should do thee shame,
501 Nor thou with public kindness honour me,
502 Unless thou take that honour from thy name:
503 But do not so; I love thee in such sort
504 As, thou being mine, mine is thy good report.
505 As a decrepit father takes delight
506 To see his active child do deeds of youth,
507 So I, made lame by fortune's dearest spite,
508 Take all my comfort of thy worth and truth.
509 For whether beauty, birth, or wealth, or wit,
510 Or any of these all, or all, or more,
511 Entitled in thy parts do crowned sit,
512 I make my love engrafted to this store:
513 So then I am not lame, poor, nor despised,
514 Whilst that this shadow doth such substance give
515 That I in thy abundance am sufficed
516 And by a part of all thy glory live.
517 Look, what is best, that best I wish in thee:
518 This wish I have; then ten times happy me!